共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 453 毫秒
1.
本文用CNDO/2方法从理论上探讨了碱金属离子Na^+,K^+和Cs^+与2,3-苯并-8,11,15-三甲基-18-冠-6(简称BC3-18C6)在溶液中发生的配位反应,计算了配位反应中CNDO总能量的变化,再现了量热法所得出的碱金属离子Na^+,K^+和Cs^+与BC3-18C6在溶液中生成配合物的稳定性次序:K^+>Na^+>Cs^+。所计算的配位能和配合物的水化能表明,在水溶液中碱金属水合离子与冠醚配位,形成稳定的二水配位的碱金属离子冠醚配合物[M(BC3-18GC6)(H~2O)~2]^+。碱金属离子与冠醚中的氧形成的金属-氧键不如其水合物中的金属-氧键强,碱金属离子能与冠醚配位形成稳定的配合物主要是由于配体的大环效应和配合物的溶剂化作用。 相似文献
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研究了聚乙二醇(PEG)为内标物的电喷雾(ESI)/飞行时间质谱(TOF-MS)准确质量测定方法,并应用于5个红霉类类抗生素质子化分子离子(MH^+)的质量测定。与理论值相比,相对误差均在5×10^-^6以内。PEG可与K^+,Na^+,H^+等形成三种加合离子形式,通过选择适当的实验条件,控制PEG仅以其中的一种加合离子形式出现,这一特点扩大了其应用范围,使之可作为一种普适性的内标物。另外讨论了扫描质量范围、扫描速度等因素对测定结果的影响,并且比较了采用多峰校正法和两峰校正法的结果。结果表明,以PEG为内标的ESI/TOF质谱法可对不稳定碱性化合物的化分子离子(MH^+)进行准确质量测定,而且简便、快速。 相似文献
3.
研究了聚乙二醇(PEG)为内标物的电喷雾(ESI)/飞行时间质谱(TOF-MS)准确质量测定方法,并应用于5个红霉类类抗生素质子化分子离子(MH^+)的质量测定。与理论值相比,相对误差均在5×10^-^6以内。PEG可与K^+,Na^+,H^+等形成三种加合离子形式,通过选择适当的实验条件,控制PEG仅以其中的一种加合离子形式出现,这一特点扩大了其应用范围,使之可作为一种普适性的内标物。另外讨论了扫描质量范围、扫描速度等因素对测定结果的影响,并且比较了采用多峰校正法和两峰校正法的结果。结果表明,以PEG为内标的ESI/TOF质谱法可对不稳定碱性化合物的化分子离子(MH^+)进行准确质量测定,而且简便、快速。 相似文献
4.
本文考察了水合13X沸石与碱金属盐类间的固相离子交换反应,并对交换样品的比表面、孔容和异丙醇分解反应活性进行了测定。结果表明,这种类型的固相离子交换在室温下即可发生。体积较大的Cs^+比K^+难于交换,高温焙烧有利于有提高Cs^+的交换度。固相交换样品的比表面、孔容变化和异丙醇分解反应活性都与液相交换样品相同,只是交换度的函数,与交换方法无关。与K^+交换样品相比,Cs^+交换样品中Cs^+离子更多地占据超笼,导致更高的超笼局部碱性和脱氢反应活性。 相似文献
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本文报道1^H、7^Li、23^Na、133^Cs NMR测定N, N'-二羧甲基大环醚双内酯(1-4)和大环胺双内酰胺(5), N-对甲苯磺酰基大环醚双内酯(6, 7), 4'-丹磺酰氨基苯并-18-冠-6(8)与Li^+、Na^+、K^+、Cs^+、Cd^2+和Pb^2+金属离子的配位作用, 并以非线性最小二乘法拟合计算了配合物的形成常数; 同时, 发展了一种用133^Cs NMR测量冠醚和碘离子竞争配合Cs^+的配合物形成常数的新技术。 相似文献
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采用溶剂热法合成了一种单一相白色荧光粉NaY(WO4)2∶Eu3+,Tb3+,Tm3+。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)及荧光光谱(PL)对制备的系列样品的物相、形貌和荧光性质进行了表征。结果表明:在荧光粉NaY(WO4)2∶x%Eu3+,4%Tb3+,1%Tm3+(x=5,10,15,20)中,随着Eu3+掺入量的增加,发光从绿光区进入白光区。同时观察到Tb3+到Eu3+的有效能量传递。 相似文献
10.
采用高温固相法合成了一系列的(Y0.95Ln0.01Ce0.04)3Al5O12(简称YAG∶Ce,Ln), 系统地研究了此体系中的Ln3+对Ce3+的发光强度的影响. 结果表明, 在YAG∶Ce的体系中, La3+, Gd3+, Lu3+等光学透明离子的少量掺杂对Ce3+的发光强度的影响不大; 掺入少量的Pr3+, Sm3+, Tb3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+等稀土离子, 由于它们的能级与Ce3+的能级有交叠, 使它们之间存在着竞争吸收或能量转移, 对Ce3+的发光有较明显的变化, 其中, Pr3+和Sm3+的掺入使其在红光区有发射峰, 可以增加YAG∶Ce的红色成分以提高显色性; Nd3+, Eu3+和Yb3+对Ce3+的发光有严重的猝灭作用. 相似文献
11.
Grimalt S Pozo OJ Marín JM Sancho JV Hernández F 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2005,16(10):1619-1630
The liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy residue determination of compounds without any acidic or basic centers such as abamectin has been investigated. Several approaches regarding the interface used and adduct formation have been compared. The low acidity of the hydroxyl groups only made deprotonation feasible using the atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface. To obtain sufficient sensitivity for residue analysis, the Ion Sabre APCI interface was necessary. However, the sensitivity attained was lower than for monitoring adducts in positive ion mode. Using electrospray ionization, different adducts with Na+, NH4+, and Li+ were tested and compared. The best results were obtained for the ammoniated adduct in electrospray ionization (ESI) because of its high sensitivity and the presence of several product ions with similar abundance. The highest sensitivity was reached using an in-source fragment as precursor ion, leading to a limit of detection (LOD) of 2 microg/L with low relative standard deviation. The relatively high abundance of other transitions allowed abamectin confirmation at concentrations close to the LOD (6 microg/L). Alkali ions were found to be a suitable alternative to determine and confirm abamectin at residue levels. The [M + Na]+ also presented various product ions with similar abundance, which allowed confirmation at LOD levels. However, this LOD was found to be almost four times higher than with [M + NH4]+ because of the poor sensitivity of the transitions obtained. Although the use of Li+ facilitated the fragmentation of the adduct [M + Li]+, with similar sensitivity to [M + NH4]+, this fragmentation preferentially generated only one product ion, which did not allow confirmation at concentration levels lower than 15 microg/L. The use of APCI for monitoring adducts was also feasible, but with less sensitivity. The sensitivity increased with the Ion Sabre APCI, although it was still five times lower than with ESI. Other adduct formers such as Co2+ and Ni2+ also were tested with unsatisfactory results. 相似文献
12.
Tsunematsu H Ikeda H Hanazono H Inagaki M Isobe R Higuchi R Goto Y Yamamoto M 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》2003,38(2):188-195
The fragmentation of the sodium adduct ions for tert-butoxycarbonyl-L-prolyl-L-proline ethyl ester (Boc-L-Pro-L-Pro-OEt) was compared with that for Boc-D-Pro-L-Pro-OEt in positive-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. In the collision-induced dissociation (CID) mass spectra of the [M + Na](+) ions, the abundance of the [M + Na - C(CH(3))(3) + H](+) ion, which is due to the loss of a tert-butyl group from the [M + Na](+) ion for Boc-D-Pro-L-Pro-OEt, was about eight times higher than that for Boc-L-Pro-L-Pro-OEt. In addition, in the CID spectra of the sodium adduct fragment ion ([M + Na - Boc + H](+)), the abundance of the [M + Na - Boc - prolylresidue + H](+) ion, which is due to the loss of prolyl residue from the [M + Na - Boc + H](+) ion for Boc-L-Pro-L-Pro-OEt, was about five times higher than that for Boc-D-Pro-L-Pro-OEt. These results indicate that Boc-L-Pro-L-Pro-OEt was distinguished from Boc-D-Pro-L-Pro-OEt by the CID mass spectra of the sodium adduct ions in ESI mass spectrometry. The optimized geometries of the [M + Na](+) and the [M + Na - Boc + H](+) ions calculated by ab initio molecular orbital calculations suggest that the chiral recognition of these diastereomers was due to the difference of the orientation of a sodium ion to the oxygen and nitrogen atoms in dipeptide derivatives, and to the difference of the total energies between them. 相似文献
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Moucun Yuan Michio Namikoshi Akira Otsuki Mariyo F. Watanabe Kenneth L. Rinehart 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》1999,10(11):1138-1151
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to develop a rapid, sensitive, and accurate method for determination and identification of hepatotoxic microcystins, cyanobacterial cyclic heptapeptides. To optimize the electrospray ionization conditions, factors affecting charge state distribution, such as amino acid components of sample, proton affinity of the additives, and additive concentration, were investigated in detail and a method for controlling charge states was developed to provide molecular-related ions for assignment of molecular weight and reasonably abundant precursor ions for MS/MS analysis. A procedure for identification of microcystins consisting of known amino acids was proposed: for microcystins giving abundant [M + 2H]2+ ions, the addition of nitrogen-containing bases to the aqueous sample solution is effective to obtain an increased intensity of [M + H]+ ions, whereas the addition of Lewis acids containing nitrogen can produce increased abundances of [M + 2H]2+ ions for microcystins giving weak [M + 2H]2+ ions. Microcystins possessing no arginine residue always give sodium adduct ions [M + Na]+ as the base peak, and these are difficult to fragment via low energy collision-induced dissociation to yield structurally informative products; the addition of oxalic acid increases [M + H]+ ion abundances, and these fragment readily. 相似文献
14.
J D Williams B E Weiner J R Ormand J Brunner A D Thornquest D J Burinsky 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2001,15(24):2446-2455
Process improvements in the synthesis of therapeutic agents and their intermediates are often facilitated by identification of reaction by-products. Analysis by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) with electrospray ionization is a powerful approach for obtaining molecular weight information for these compounds. Such analyses are well suited for 'open-access' mass spectrometry using generic chromatographic conditions, provided spectral interpretation for unknown compounds is facile. We have developed a software application (MassAssign) that facilitates automated data processing and molecular weight assignment for chromatographic peaks detected by any standard ultraviolet-visible wavelength detector. The program assigns [M + H](+) ions (and thus molecular weight) in the mass spectra using predetermined criteria. This evaluation process differentiates [M + H](+) ions from other signals in a complex mass spectrum such as those resulting from chromatographic coelution or the presence of multiple species (i.e., fragment ions, singly charged ions, doubly charged ions, adduct ions, proton-bound dimers, etc.). Once the program has evaluated all ions in a mass spectrum that exceed a preset abundance threshold, MassAssign reports either a numeric value-indicating the chromatographic peak consists of a single component having the displayed molecular weight, 'MC'-indicating the peak consisted of multiple components, or 'ND'-that a molecular weight could not be determined unequivocally. The performance of the program was evaluated by comparing mass assignments made by MassAssign against manual interpretation for 55 samples analyzed by positive electrospray ionization using a generic HPLC method. Correct molecular weight assignments were obtained in 90% of the cases. 相似文献
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Tamiri T 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2005,19(14):2094-2098
Mass spectra of urea nitrate were measured in electrospray ionization and in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in the negative mode. In both ionization methods two characteristic adduct ions containing the intact molecule [urea nitrate+NO3]- and [urea nitrate+HNO3+NO3]- are shown. The structure of the two adduct ions was deduced using measurements of isotopically labeled urea nitrate. Collision-induced dissociation measurements of the adduct ions show typical losses enabling the identification of urea nitrate in trace amounts. Using these methods urea nitrate was identified in real cases. 相似文献
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Underivatized short-chain polysaccharides such as two inulins from different plants containing up to 35-40 monosaccharide units with molecular weights of up to 6500 Da and dextran T 1.5 containing up to 16-20 monosaccharide units with molecular weights of up to 3200 Da have been investigated by direct chemical ionization. Under soft ionization conditions such as ammonia chemical ionization and reduced ion-source temperature, it was possible to obtain spectra of the native polysaccharides showing dominant ion series corresponding to ammonia adduct ions of oligosaccharides, and also ion series corresponding to ammonia adduct ions of anhydro-oligosaccharides. 相似文献
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The synthesis of two novel dendritic aluminum and zinc quinolates, which are soluble in common solvents, was monitored effectively by positive ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Through tandem mass spectrometric analysis of the complexes, distinct fragmentation pathways for sodium adduct molecular ion [M+Na]+ and protonated molecular ion [M+H]+ were observed. 相似文献
18.
合成了含有1,3,4-噁二唑基团的大环冠醚: 2,3,11,12-二苯并-4,7,10,16-四氧-14,15-二氮杂双环[11.2.1]-十六烷-13,15-二烯(2)、 2,3,14,15-二苯并-4,7,10,13,19-五氧-17,18-二氮杂双环[14.2.1]-十九烷-16,18-二烯(3)和2,3,17,18-二苯并-4,7,10,13,16,22-六氧-20,21-二氮杂双环[17.2.1]-二十二烷-19,21-二烯(4), 并培养得到其单晶; 通过核磁共振波谱、 高分辨质谱及X射线单晶衍射对其结构进行了表征. 结果表明, 冠醚2属正交晶系, Pna21空间群; 冠醚3属于单斜晶系, C2/c空间群; 冠醚4属正交晶系, Pbca空间群. 在3个主体化合物中均存在分子间氢键和π-π相互作用将分子连接成三维空间结构. 采用荧光光谱测定了开链冠醚2,5-二[2-(2-甲氧乙氧基)苯基]-1,3,4-噁二唑(1)和不同环空腔大小的噁二唑冠醚(2~4)对金属离子Li +, Na +, K +, Rb +, Mg 2+和Ca 2+的键合行为. 研究结果表明, 开链冠醚1和冠醚4对碱土金属Mg 2+和Ca 2+表现出荧光猝灭行为, 且对Ca 2+表现出良好的键合能力和选择性; 而冠醚2对Na +和K +表现出良好的键合能力, 但其Na +/K +的选择性较差. 相似文献
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Chan CC Bolgar MS Miller SA Attygalle AB 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2011,22(1):173-178
A source that couples the desorption ionization by charge exchange (DICE) and desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) techniques
together was demonstrated to broaden the range of compounds that can be analyzed in a single mass spectrometric experiment
under ambient conditions. A tee union was used to mix the spray reagents into a partially immiscible blend before this mixture
was passed through a conventional electrospray (ES) probe capillary. Using this technique, compounds that are ionized more
efficiently by the DICE method and those that are ionized better with the DESI procedure could be analyzed simultaneously.
For example, hydroquinone, which is not detected when subjected to DESI-MS in the positive-ion generation mode, or the sodium
adduct of guaifenesin, which is not detected when examined by DICE-MS, could both be detected in one experiment when the two
techniques were combined. The combined technique was able to generate the molecular ion, proton and metal adduct from the
same compound. When coupled to a tandem mass spectrometer, the combined source enabled the generation of product ion spectra
from the molecular ion and the [M + H]+ or [M + metal]+ ions of the same compound without the need to physically change the source from DICE to DESI. The ability to record CID spectra
of both the molecular ion and adduct ions in a single mass spectrometric experiment adds a new dimension to the array of mass
spectrometric methods available for structural studies. 相似文献