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1.
本文应用小角 X-射线散射,参考方介石与硬脂酸结晶结构,为硬脂酸镉盐膜系设计了七种可能的分子链模型,在微机上进行拟合研究.结果指出:链倾角也 A_(ch)~24—27°,与β-硬脂酸结晶相近;碳链键角 A_(cc)~115°,比正四面体模型有所扩张;链端羧酸镉属离子键结构,而非文献习用的共价键结构;堆砌缺陷 d 约0.156nm,小于文献值约0.1nm;酸/皂剂量比 x=0.8—1.0,因制膜条件变化而不同;界面对链堆砌有明显影响.总之,小角 X-射线散射可对超薄 L-B 薄膜(<10 nm)的精细结构进行有效的研究. 相似文献
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本文应用小角X-射线散射,参考方介石与硬脂酸结晶结构,为硬脂酸镉盐膜系设计了七种可能的分子链模型,在微机上进行拟合研究。结果指出:链倾角Ach~24-27°,与β-硬脂酸结晶相近;碳键角Acc~115°,比正四面体模型有所扩张;链端羧酸镉属离子键结构,而非文献习用的共价键结构;堆砌缺陷d约0.156nm,小于文献值约0.1nm;酸/皂剂量比x=0.8-1.0,因制膜条件变化而不同;界面对链堆砌有明显影响。总之,小角X-射线散射可对超薄L-B薄膜(<10nm)的精细结构进行有效的研究。 相似文献
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本文应用小角X-射线散射,参考方介石与硬脂酸结晶结构,为硬脂酸镉盐膜系设计了七种可能的分子链模型,在微机上进行拟合研究。结果指出:链倾角Ach~24-27°,与β-硬脂酸结晶相近;碳键角Acc~115°,比正四面体模型有所扩张;链端羧酸镉属离子键结构,而非文献习用的共价键结构;堆砌缺陷d约0.156nm,小于文献值约0.1nm;酸/皂剂量比x=0.8-1.0,因制膜条件变化而不同;界面对链堆砌有明显影响。总之,小角X-射线散射可对超薄L-B薄膜(<10nm)的精细结构进行有效的研究。 相似文献
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硫酸铵存在下碘化钾-乙醇体系萃取分离镉 总被引:21,自引:1,他引:20
传统萃取分离法由于采用与水互不相溶的有机溶剂 ,对那些萃取反应速度慢、传质速率低、分配比小的体系需在振荡器上进行较长时间振荡或多次萃取才能达到定量萃取 .均相萃取、异相分离萃取体系由于可以克服异相萃取分离技术中一些缺点而受到重视[1,2 ].本文以乙醇为溶剂 ,均相萃取、异相分离镉 .试验表明 ,硫酸铵存在下 ,乙醇与水分相过程中 ,Cd(Ⅱ )与I- 形成的CdI2 - 4 与质子化乙醇 (C2 H5OH 2 )形成电中性缔合物 (C2 H5OH 2 ) 2 CdI2 - 4 被乙醇相完全萃取 .能使Cd(Ⅱ )从Fe(Ⅲ )、Co(Ⅱ )、Ni(Ⅱ )、Mn(Ⅱ )… 相似文献
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在pH值为9.5~9.9的氨-氯化铵的缓冲溶液中,镍(Ⅱ)、铜(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)形成氨合络合物,而银(Ⅰ)、铋(Ⅲ)、铁(Ⅲ)、铁(Ⅱ)、汞(Ⅱ)、汞(Ⅰ)、锰(Ⅱ)、铅(Ⅱ)、锡(Ⅳ)、锡(Ⅱ)、钒(Ⅴ)、铝(Ⅲ)、钛(Ⅳ)等生成各种形式的沉淀。用甲醇-乙醇-氯化铵-氨-水体系(pH9.0~9.1),在硅胶H薄层板上,可以实现镍(Ⅱ)、铜(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)的分离。双硫腙显色后,用CS-930双波长薄层扫描仪测定含量。线性范围:锌0.01~0.20微克,铜0.01~0.25微克,镍、镉、钴0.01~0.30微克。 相似文献
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PVC/ACR共混物微观结构与性能 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本文研究了聚氯乙烯/丙烯酸酯类共聚物(PVC/ACR)共混物的应力-应变行为和冲击强度对ACR 用量的依赖关系。ACR对 PVC有良好的增韧作用,提高了PVC抗冲击性能。考察了三盐基性硫酸铅和硬脂酸钡-硬脂酸镉稳定剂对共混体系的影响,实验结果说明不同的热稳定体系对ACR改性PVC的效果有差别。动态力学性能测定结果表明PVC/ACR共混物存在两个玻璃化转变温度,证明PVC与ACR不相容性;而两个转变温度随共混物组成改变而变化,说明PVC与ACR之间存在着相互作用,PVC/ACR为部分相容体系。通过透射电子显微镜观察PVC/ACR共混物的微观结构形态表明:PVC与 ACR为两相体系,ACR呈粒状分布在PVC连续相中。但是,采用硬脂酸钡-硬脂酸镉稳定体系时,随着ACR用量增加,ACR的分散形态由粒状分散逐渐形成网络结构形态,与此相对应的共混物具有更好的抗冲击性能。 相似文献
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电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定面粉中铅和镉 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
:采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定面粉中痕量铅和镉。面粉用乙醇和硝酸溶解后,加入分散剂Triton X-80溶液得到样品的悬浊液。然后经均质器分散10 min后,在磁力搅拌下搅拌8 min动态进样分析。铅和镉的检出限(3S/N)分别为0.05,0.006 mg·L~(-1),加标平均回收率分别为98.8%,96.7%。 相似文献
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A new μ-chloro-bridged one-dimensional coordination polymer [Cd(dmbpy)Cl2]a (dmbpy = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine) has been synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analyses, IR, UV spectra and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 17.745(4), b = 10.326(2), c = 7.3382(15)A, β = 106.85(3)°, V = 1286.9(4)A^3, Z = 4, C12H12N2Cl2Cd, Mr = 367.54, Dc = 1.897 g/cm^3, F(000) = 720, 2(MoKα) = 0.71073 A,μ= 2.089 mm^-1, R = 0.0368 and wR = 0.1048 for 1041 observed reflections (I 〉 2σ(I)). Cadmium(Ⅱ) adopts a distorted octahedral coordination geometry and adjacent coordination chains are intercalated in a zipper-like fashion into 2D layers through the π-π stacking interactions between dmbpy. Fluorescent analyses show that it exhibits intense blue photoluminescence in both DMF and DMSO solutions at room temperature. 相似文献
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Reaction of ZnCl2 and 4-amino-3,5-propyl-1,2,4-triazole(dpatrz) or CdCl2, NaN3 and dpatrz, in aqueous solution at room temperature yields two neutral clusters: a dinuclear complex [Zn2(dpatrz)2Cl4](I) and a linear trinuclear complex, [Cd3(dpatrz)4(N3)2Cl4](Ⅱ). Both complexes have been characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, powder XRD, IR, elemental analysis, TG and fluorescence analysis. Complex I crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group Pbca with a = 11.865(2), b = 14.464(3), c = 15.985(3) , V = 2743.4(9) 3, Z = 4, C16H32N8Cl4Zn2, Mr = 609.4, Dc = 1.475 g·cm3, μ = 2.16 mm-1, F(000) = 1248, GOOF = 1.091, the final R = 0.0295 and wR = 0.0665 for 1999 observed reflections(I 2σ(I)). Complex Ⅱ crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 11.408(2), b = 15.211(3), c = 18.152(6) , β = 123.75(2)o, V = 2619.1(1) 3, Z = 2, C32H64N22Cl4Cd3, Mr = 1236.05, Dc = 1.567 g·cm3, μ = 1.46 mm-1, F(000) = 1244, GOOF = 1.042, the final R = 0.0444 and wR = 0.0913 for 3466 observed reflections(I 2σ(I)). The analysis of X-ray revealed that both structures lie about the inversion centers: complex I adopts two μ1,2-triazole bridges linking two Zn(Ⅱ) ions and Ⅱ forms a linear trinuclear structure with four μ1,2-triazoles and two μ1,1-N3- bridging modes. There are different coordinated geometries for three Cd(Ⅱ) ions in Ⅱ: one is coordinated with an octahedral environment, and the other two are distorted tetragonal pyramids(τ = 0.34). The hydrogen bonds of C–H···Cl and N–H···Cl lead to the discretes into a 3D supramolecular network in both compounds. The thermal stabilities and photoluminescence behaviors of them were also studied. 相似文献
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[Cd(ATZ)~4(H~2O)~2](PA)~2·2H~2O的合成、晶体结构 和热分解机理研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
合成了以5-氨基四唑为配体的镉配合物[Cd(ATZ)~4(H~2O)~2](PA)~2·2H~2O,并对其进行了晶体结构测定。测定结果表明,该配合物分子具有中心对称性,每个Cd^2^+分别与2个水分子中的氧原子和4个5-氨基四唑(ATZ)分子中的4-位氮原子配位,形成六配位畸变八面体结构;在配合物分子间存在大量氢键,增加了整个晶体结构的稳定性。通过DSC和TG-DTG分析,提出了标题化合物的热分解机理。 相似文献
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X. Q. Wang Q. Z. Zhou W. L. Liu L. Y. Zhu G. H. Zhang D. Xu 《Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry》2012,57(7):1019-1026
The very useful second order nonlinear optical crystal material: cadmium mercury thiocyanate, CdHg(SCN)4, was synthesized and purified by using a simple and highly-effective method. The thermal decomposition process of CdHg(SCN)4 was studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis in air. The factual thermal decomposition behavior encountered throughout the heat treatment was investigated by using an electric muffle furnace. The samples calcined at different temperatures were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy techniques. The intermediates were cadmium mercury thiocyanates and sulfides, cadmium normal and basic sulfates, and the final product was cadmium oxide. A possible chemical decomposition procedure has been put forward and a theoretical explanation has been provided based on the crystal structure. 相似文献
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Erwann Jeanneau Nathalie Audebrand Daniel Louër 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2001,57(9):1012-1013
Crystals of anhydrous cadmium oxalate, β‐[Cd(C2O4)], have been synthesized hydrothermally and the crystal structure solved using single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. The Cd and oxalate ions lie about independent inversion centres. The structure consists of a three‐dimensional framework built from sheets of cadmium octahedra linked together by oxalate groups. 相似文献
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A new mononuclear cadmium(Ⅱ) cryptate has been synthesized by [2+3] Schiff crystal structure, spectral characterization and molar conductivity show that cadmium(Ⅱ) is sixcoordinated (N6) into a distorted octahedral geometry. 相似文献
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In this article, we have demonstrated one-step solid-phase transformation from high-quality cadmium carbonate microcrystals into highly nanoporous cadmium oxide. The high crystal quality of cadmium carbonate is critical for the successful fabrication of porous nanoarchitectures with predetermined morphology and well-controlled internal structure. This novel strategy has a good potential to prepare nanoporous materials at a large scale by using perfect monolithic carbonate crystals, and it is also useful to synthesize different nanoporous materials on metal-oxide-coated substrates. Meanwhile, this simple thermal transformation of cadmium carbonate into porous structures has further been extended to convert calcium carbonate into such porous structures. 相似文献
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The hydrothermal reaction of Cd(OAc)2.H2O with 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate (1,2-BDC), imidazole and H2O resulted in the formation of a binuclear polymeric Cd( Ⅱ ) complex {[Cd2(1,2-BDC)2(Im)4].(H2O)}n which was then characterized by elemental analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal is of monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 14.6455(3), b = 9.3530(2), c = 23.7838(5)A, β= 106.6290(10)°, Cl12H104CdgN32O36, Mr = 3373.47, V = 3121.64(11)A^3, Dc = 1.795 g/cm^3, F(000) = 1672,μ= 1.428 cm^-1 and Z = 1. The final R = 0.0316 and wR = 0.0687 for 5045 reflections with I 〉 2σ(I). In the title complex, the two Cd( Ⅱ) ions are in different coordination environments with distorted octahedral and pengonal bipyramidal geometries, respectively. Two Cd polyhedra are linked together through one μ2-η^1:η^1 and one μ2-η^1:η^1 carboxylate groups from different 1,2-BDC ligands, giving rise to a binuclear Cd( Ⅱ ) cluster, and such clusters are connected by bridged 1,2-BDC ligands to form a 2-D structure along the c axis. The inter- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds further connect the 2-D structures into a 3-D supramolecular network. 相似文献
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Shivani Suri K. K. Bamzai Vishal Singh 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2011,105(1):229-238
Non-isothermal kinetic parameter of pure and cadmium-doped barium phosphate single crystal grown by room temperature solution
technique have been investigated. Single crystal X-ray diffraction establishes grown crystal to be orthorhombic in nature.
Scanning electron microscopy supplemented with energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to study the surface features and
to find the exact stoichiometric composition of the grown crystal. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies confirm
the presence of various functional groups. The effect of cadmium doping on pure barium phosphate single crystal was studied
using thermogravimetry analysis. Thermogravimetry studies shows that the pure crystal was stable up to a temperature of 330 °C
whereas doped crystal was stable up to a temperature of 240 °C, i.e., pure crystals were more stable than doped ones. Various
solid-state reaction kinetics, i.e., activation energy (E
a), frequency factor (Z), and entropy (ΔS*) was calculated out to find the mechanism of thermal decomposition at different stages for pure and cadmium doped barium
phosphate. 相似文献
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《Journal of Coordination Chemistry》2012,65(13):1089-1098
The infinite, two-dimensional polymer bis[(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetato] cadmium dihydrate was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy. The crystal and molecular structure has been determined. The cadmium atom is six coordinated by four oxygen atoms from bridging carboxyl groups and two oxygen atoms from water molecules. The polymer net is stabilized by two O–H···O hydrogen bonds. Bond distances and angles within MCPA molecules are comparable to those found for the free acid and its complexes. The shortest cadmium–cadmium distance is 5.453(1) Å. 相似文献