全氟辛烷磺酸与蛋白质体系的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了牛血清白蛋白(BSA)与全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)相互作用的共振光散射(RLS)光谱,建立了PFOS的共振光散射分析方法。 在pH值为4.1的BR缓冲溶液中,全氟辛烷磺酸根阴离子与质子化的BSA通过静电引力和疏水作用形成离子缔合物,引起共振光散射强度(IRLS)显著增强,最大散射波长位于285.0 nm处,增强的散射信号强度与PFOS浓度在0.2～25.0 μmol/L范围内呈线性关系,据此建立了测定PFOS的光散射分析方法,检出限为20.0 nmol/L。 讨论了体系的最佳反应条件及外来物质的干扰,并探讨了反应机理。 建立的共振光散射法用于环境水样中PFOS的测定,RSD≤4.4%。     

盐酸奎宁与全氟辛烷磺酸体系的共振光散射光谱研究及其分析应用

研究了盐酸奎宁(Quinine dihydrochloride,简称Quinine)与全氟辛烷磺酸(perfluorooctane sulfonate,简称PFOS)相互作用的共振光散射(resonance light scattering,RLS)光谱,并建立了PFOS的共振光散射分析方法.在pH值为2.87的Britton-Robinson(BR)缓冲溶液中,全氟辛烷磺酸根阴离子与质子化的盐酸奎宁通过静电引力和疏水作用形成2:1的离子缔合物,引起共振光散射强度(IRLS)显著增强,最大散射波长位于283nm处,增强的散射信号强度与PFOS浓度在0.10～50.0μmol/L范围内呈线性关系,据此建立了测定PFOS的散射分析方法,检测限为9.88nmol/L.讨论了体系的最佳反应条件及外来物质的干扰,同时研究了体系的吸收光谱及荧光光谱,并探讨了反应机理.本方法用于水样及人体血清样品中PFOS的测定,RSD≤4.2%.     

Te(Ⅳ)-(I-)-RhB水溶液中纳米粒子的形成及其光谱效应

用激光散射(LLS)及透射电镜(TEM)技术研究了Te(Ⅳ) I- RhB水溶液中液相纳米粒子在自然状态下的聚集行为及粒径分布,并用共振瑞利散射光谱、荧光发射光谱、紫外 可见光谱对该液相纳米体系的光谱性质进行了表征.结果表明:在0.8mol/LHCl介质中,当Te(Ⅳ)浓度为4、8、12、16、20μg/L时,Te(Ⅳ) I- RhB体系平均粒径分别为192、228、262、278、300nm;纳米粒子的形成及其聚合行为导致RhB在558nm处的吸收峰(A558)的减色效应及598nm处的发射峰(F598)的荧光猝灭和623nm处的共振散射峰(I623)增强,并与Te(Ⅳ)浓度呈良好的线性关系;体系在623nm处的散射强度I1/3与其粒径成正比.用等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP)、元素分析(EA)等手段对该纳米粒子进行表征,确定了其最简分子式为(RhB)4(TeI8).     

曙红Y的共振光散射与共振荧光

研究了曙红Y（EY）的共振散射光谱、荧光光谱和吸收光谱,讨论了共振光散射与共振荧光的区别与联系。在EY水溶液三维荧光等高线光谱图中,瑞利散射线与荧光等高线有部分相交。EY的共振散射峰（525nm）介于荧光激发峰（514nm）和发射峰（536nm）之间。由光偏振实验,测得EY共振散射光谱525nm处的偏振度P=0．20。上述实验结果证明,EY的共振散射峰主要是共振荧光。在改变pH的实验中发现,EY共振光散射增强是由于酸碱平衡的移动导致荧光型体的形成。由于自吸收的影响,共振散射光强度与EY浓度之间不是严格的线性关系。     

硫堇与DNA相互作用及DNA光散射/荧光比率测定方法

在pH4.56的BR缓冲溶液中,DNA能使硫堇的光散射增强,荧光发生猝灭。本实验基于硫堇的三维光谱讨论了其发光属性,并通过在普通荧光光度计上单次扫描同时获得的539nm处的光散射强度(I539)与630nm处的荧光强度(F630)之比,建立了测定痕量DNA的光散射/荧光比率法。当硫堇的浓度为1.0×10-4mol/L时,方法的线性范围为0.1~1.6mg/L,检测限为(3σ)为12.0μg/L。将所建立的方法用于DNA合成样品的测定,回收率为94.9%~107.0%,相对标准偏差小于3.0%。     

用铬黑T作为共振光散射探针测定蛋白质

研究了金属指示剂铬黑T（EBT）作为共振光散射探针测定蛋白质的分析方法。实验表明，在pH=4.10的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液条件下，铬黑T只有极弱的光散射，它与蛋白质结合后有强烈的共振光散射作用。在λ=375nm处，光散射强度最大，光散射强度与蛋白质的浓度成正比。据此建立了一种测定蛋白质的新方法。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高，对HSA的检出限达到39μg/L;线性范围为0－15mg/L，用于人体血清样品的分析并用考马斯亮蓝法比较，取得了令人满意的结果。同时亦研究了牛血清白蛋白（BSA）、λ球蛋白、鸡蛋白蛋白、溶菌酶与染料EBT之间的作用。比较了2种不同类型的荧光仪器绘制的共振光散射光谱，并探讨了共振光散射的机理。     

钨酸钠-罗丹明B-P体系共振光散射法对甲拌磷残留的测定

研究了共振散射技术测定甲拌磷残留的新方法。实验结果表明,酸性溶液中,甲拌磷和钨酸钠相互作用能够形成杂多酸,该杂多酸与碱性三苯甲烷染料罗丹明B（RhB）结合,形成了缔合物粒子,导致体系在λex/λem=606nm共振散射（RLS）强度急剧增强,并产生新的RLS光谱。在选定的实验条件下,甲拌磷浓度在0．43-200nmol／L范围内,与体系的RLS强度有良好的线性关系（r=0．9977）,据此建立了共振散射法快速测定甲拌磷的新方法,该法检出限为0．057nmol／L,回收率为82％～99％,用于蔬菜样品中甲拌磷残留量的测定,与气相色谱法对照,结果满意。     

甲基紫共振光散射光谱法测定日落黄

建立了甲基紫共振光散射光谱法测定饮料中日落黄的方法。在pH 3的B-R缓冲溶液中,日落黄与甲基紫之间相互作用形成离子缔合物,引起共振光散射强度的显著增加。共振光散射峰分别位于339 nm和650 nm处,在650 nm处,共振光散射强度与日落黄质量浓度在0.02～0.2 mg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系(r2=0.9981)。考察了酸度、甲基紫用量、离子强度、温度等对体系光散射强度的影响,测定了缔合物的组成比。方法的检出限为7.5μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%。方法用于饮料样品中日落黄的测定,结果与紫外分光光度法一致。     

流动注射-共振光散射联用技术测定注射液中肝素的含量

在近中性介质中,亚甲基兰与肝素作用产生共振光散射（BLS）增强信号,最大散射峰位于365．0nm处,增强的共振光散射强度（DIRLS）与肝素浓度具有线性关系,据此建立了流动注射．共振光散射联用技术测定痕量肝素的新方法。在pH为7．96,离子强度为0．0275mol／L的载流中加入肝素后,在365．0nm处产生增强的RLS信号。采用时间扫描测定该增强RLS强度,在最佳实验条件下,可检测1～20mg／L肝素,检出限为8．41mg／L。对浓度为4．0mg／L的肝素钠标准液平行测定11次的相对标准偏差为3．2％。用于注射液中肝素含量的测定,RsD小于2．3％。     

光谱法研究CTMAB存在下荧光桃红B与 fsDNA的相互作用及应用

研究了阴离子染料荧光桃红B(PB)对鱼精脱氧核糖核酸(fsDNA)和阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)的共振光散射光谱有协同增强作用,建立了一种定量测定fsDNA的灵敏度高、操作简便的共振光散射(RLS)方法。在pH 5.33和离子强度低于0.03 mol/L的条件下,fsDNA与CTMAB和PB共同作用产生最大散射波长为340 nm的特征共振光散射增强(RLSE)信号。在优化条件下,测定fsDNA的线性范围为0.01~3.0 mg/L,检出限(3δ)为1.4μg/L。方法成功应用于合成样中DNA的测定。     

A light scattering and fluorescence emission coupled ratiometry using the interaction of functional CdS quantum dots with aminoglycoside antibiotics as a model system

Any signals, if their intensities have simple functional relationship with analyte concentration, can be applied to analytical purposes. Rayleigh light scattering signals and fluorescence signals are twins in flurospectroscopy, so the light scattering signals are the major interference when the Stokes shift is small. Herein, we propose a light scattering and fluorescence emission (LS-FL) coupled ratiometry using CdS quantum dots (QDs) as a fluorescence probe to detect aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs). As model analytes, AGs, when attached to the surface of CdS-QDs via electrostatic interaction in aqueous medium, result in strong enhanced light scattering (LS) emission characterized at 376 nm and fluorescence quenching of CdS-QDs at 500 nm. Thus, a ratiometry using the coexistent light scattering and fluorescent emission signals has been proposed. Based on the linear relationship between logarithm of light scattering and fluorescence emission ratio (R) and logarithm of AGs concentration, a novel assay of AGs is established with the limits of detection (3σ) being 58-190 nmol l⁻¹, and applied successfully to detect AGs injection and serum samples.     

Green synthesis of gold nanoclusters using papaya juice for detection of l-lysine

P-AuNCs was rapidly synthesized, while papaya juice served as a capping and reducing agent. Due to the surface electron density increase-induced fluorescence enhancing principle, the prepared fluorescent probe provided high selectivity and sensitivity for monitoring L-lysine in human urines.     

Luminescence effect of silver nanoparticle in water phase

Yellow silver nanoparticles in water phase were prepared by microwave synthesis method. Study found that there is a fluorescence peak at 465 nm and a strongest resonance scattering peak at 460 nm for the nanoparticles. The resonance scattering intensity at 465 nm I(460 nm). fluorescence intensity at 465 nm F(465)(nm) and absorbance at 455 nm A(455 nm) were found linear to the concentration c(Ag) in the range from 0 to 3.5x10(-4)mol/L Ag, with linear regression equation for I(460 nm)=48.1x10(4) c(Ag)+3.69 and F(465 nm)=28.7x10(4)c(Ag)+3.50 and A(455 nm)1.23x10(4)c(Ag)+0.01, their regression coefficient for 0.9976, 0.9954 and 0.9957, respectively. When the c(Ag) was over 3.5x10(-4)mol/L, the resonance scattering peak and fluorescence peak of 465 nm take place red-shift and display luminescence quenching, but the absorption peak place does not change and the absorption intensity enhances. The paper reports the spectral properties of silver nanoparticles in water phase, and offers the principle of interface luminescence electron to state the luminescence effect of silver nanoparticles.     

Mixing of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) potassium salt with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC)

Perfluorooctane-1-sulfonic acid (PFOS) is emerging as an important persistent environmental pollutant. To gain insight into the interaction of PFOS with biological systems, the mixing behavior of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) with PFOS was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescence anisotropy measurements. In the DSC experiments the onset temperature of the DPPC pretransition (Tp) decreased with increasing PFOS concentration, disappearing at XDPPC < or = 0.97. The main DPPC phase transition temperature showed a depression and peak broadening with increasing mole fraction of PFOS in both the DSC and the fluorescence anisotropy studies. From the melting point depression in the fluorescence anisotropy studies, which was observed at a concentration as low as 10 mg/L, an apparent partition coefficient of K = 5.7 x 10(4) (mole fraction basis) was calculated. These results suggest that PFOS has a high tendency to partition into lipid bilayers. These direct PFOS-DPPC interactions are one possible mechanism by which PFOS may contribute to adverse effects, for example neonatal mortality, in laboratory studies and possibly in humans.     

Light-scattering detection with a fluorimetric detector in high-performance liquid chromatography

Non-fluorescence compounds were detected by a fluorescence detector based on scattering light. The fluorescence detector was used without any modification, and the scattering light was observed at the wavelength twice as long as the excitation wavelength. Actually the wavelength of the observed scattering light was the same as that of the excitation light. The maximum signal was achieved at around 280 nm. The signal was increased with increasing molecular weight or size of analytes. Colloidal silica with nanometer sizes, ethylene glycol oligomers, saccharides and cyclodextrins could be visualized by the present detection method. The detection limit at S/N=3 for colloidal silica with 78 nm was 39 pg for 20-microL injection.     

氯金酸-罗丹明S缔合纳米微粒体系的共振散射增强与荧光猝灭研究

在0．2mol/L HCl介质中，罗丹明S(RDS)分别在520nm和550nm处有一个吸收峰和荧光峰。当有Au(Ⅲ）存在时，Au（Ⅲ）与Cl^-形成AuCl4^-，AuCl^-与RDS^ 借助于静电引力形成疏水性的AuCl4-RDS缔合物分子。AuCl4-RDS分子间存在较强的分子间作用力和疏水作用力而生成(AuCl4-RDS)。缔合纳米微粒，粒径为45nm。在360nm产生瑞利散射峰，在600nm产生共振散射峰。由于纳米微粒形成后，只有裹露在(AuCl4-RDS)n纳米微粒界面的RDS荧光分子才能吸收激发光子跃迁到激发态，进而返回基态产生荧光。而体相的RDS荧光分子无法与激发光作用产生荧光，即受激RDS分子数大为降低，故550nm荧光峰和520nm吸收峰的降低。当缔合纳米微粒体系加入乙醇后，体系的红紫色和共振散射峰消失，吸收峰和荧光峰恢复，由于乙醇致使(AuCl4-RDS)。纳米微粒分解为AuCl4-RDS分子。结果表明：红紫色(AuCl4-RDS)n纳米粒子的形成是其共振散射增强、荧光猝灭和产生共振散射峰的根本原因。     

罗丹明6G缔合微粒荧光猝灭法测定痕量碘酸根

研究发现在0.01mol/LHCl-8.0×10-4mol/LKI介质中,罗丹明6G(RhG)在550nm处有1个荧光峰.当有IO-3,I-3与RhG形成缔合微粒,550nm处荧光峰猝灭,在320、400、6103存在时,IO-3与过量的I-反应生成I-nm处有3个共振散射峰,在470nm处有1个同步散射峰.碘酸根浓度在2.0～100×10-7mol/L范围内与荧光猝灭强度成线性关系.据此建立了一个测定食盐中IO-3的荧光猝灭分析法.光谱研究结果表明,(RhG-I3)n缔合微粒和界面的形成是导致体系荧光猝灭的根本原因.