Comparison of Six Trace Elements Content in Two Genuine Medicines of Notopterygium Incisum and Aconitum pendulum in Qinghai plateau

为研究青海高原道地药材羌活和铁棒锤的特性,采用电热板消解法处理样品,原子吸收分光光度法测定了两种药材中Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种金属元素的含量.结果表明,Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种微量元素含量在两种道地药材中,含量最高的是Ca,平均值分别为(55.78±12.10) mg/g和(26.48±5.79) mg/g;含量最低的元素为Cu,其值分别为(0.28±0.28)mg/g和(0.09±0.06) mg/g;其它元素含量从高到低依次为Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn.可见不同地区的羌活其微量元素的含量有明显的差异,且羌活微量元素含量也存在种间差异,细叶羌活的Ca、Mg元素含量比宽叶羌活的要低,相反,Fe,Cu,Zn 3种元素含量细叶羌活的比宽叶的要高.     

青海高原道地药材羌活和铁棒锤微量元素含量比较研究

为研究青海高原道地药材羌活和铁棒锤的特性,采用电热板消解法处理样品,原子吸收分光光度法测定了两种药材中Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种金属元素的含量。结果表明,Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种微量元素含量在两种道地药材中,含量最高的是Ca,平均值分别为(55.78±12.10)mg/g和(26.48±5.79)mg/g;含量最低的元素为Cu,其值分别为(0.28±0.28)mg/g和(0.09±0.06)mg/g;其它元素含量从高到低依次为Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn。可见不同地区的羌活其微量元素的含量有明显的差异,且羌活微量元素含量也存在种间差异,细叶羌活的Ca、Mg元素含量比宽叶羌活的要低,相反,Fe,Cu,Zn 3种元素含量细叶羌活的比宽叶的要高。     

甲状腺功能亢进症患者血清铜、锌、铁、钙、镁的研究

为研究甲状腺功能亢进症患者血清中 5种微量元素的变化及其与甲状腺功能激素间的关系 ,用分光光度分析和放射免疫分析分别检测了 1 2 2例甲状腺疾病患者血清中微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Ca、Mg含量和血清中甲状腺激素 (T3、T4 )水平。结果表明 ,甲状腺功能亢进症患者血清中Cu、Ca元素水平明显高于对照组 (P <0 0 1 ) ,Zn元素水平明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ,Fe、Mg元素两组比较无统计学意义 ;血清Cu与T3、T4 浓度呈现一定程度的正相关 ,提示微量元素在甲状腺激素的合成、代谢和生物作用中可能有重要意义 ,甲状腺功能亢进症患者过多释放甲状腺素导致血清中元素的异常变化 ,此变化既能反映病人机体代谢紊乱程度 ,同时也可作为病情控制的参考指标。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定黄花菜根中微量元素含量

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了黄花菜根中Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、K和Mg 7种金属元素含量.结果表明,在常量元素中K、Ca含量较高,微量元素中Fe、Cu含量较高,7种金属元素含量由高到低顺序分别为:K、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn.加样回收率为98.75％～106.25％,该法操作简单、结果准确,是黄花菜根中...     

弱视儿童血清微量元素的检测分析

为探讨弱视和微量元素之间的关系,对71例5~10岁的弱视儿童进行了血清微量元素Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Mn、Pb含量的检测,并与130例同龄正常儿童比较。结果表明,弱视儿童血清Zn含量明显低下,而Pb、Ca、Mn含量明显升高,与正常儿童比较差异均有显著性(P<0.01);Fe、Cu含量两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。弱视女童血清Mn含量比男童高,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而男女童Zn、Fe、Cu、Ca、Pb含量间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。提示弱视儿童部分血清微量元素异常,对弱视成因有一定影响,建议重视并及时纠正儿童异常的微量元素。     

全蝎不同部位的宏量和微量元素含量比较

为探讨雌雄全蝎及不同药用部位的宏量和微量元素含量差异及与药效和毒性的相关性,采用发射光谱法测定雌雄全蝎及不同药用部位中宏量元素 Ca、Mg及微量元素 Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn、 Pb七种元素的含量.结果表明,雌雄蝎尾宏量元素 Ca、Mg和微量元素 Fe、Cu、Zn、Pb均明显低于全蝎和全蝎头部及腹部,其微量元素谱为 Fe＞Zn＞Cu＞Mn＞Pb;雄性全蝎 Zn含量明显低于雌性全蝎,而其含水量和有毒微量元素 Pb却明显高于雌性全蝎,雄性全蝎各药用部位宏量和微量元素亦明显低于雌性全蝎;全蝎宏量元素 Ca比文献高6～8倍,而 Mg含量与文献一致.可认为雌性全蝎及其药用部位药材质量和微量元素含量均明显优于雄性全蝎;蝎尾的镇痛和毒性作用与宏量和微量元素含量无关.     

鲎血中微量元素含量分析

采用原子吸收分光光度法测定了鲎血中的微量元素含量。结果显示,鲎血含有丰富的Zn、Cu、Fe、Ca、Mg、Mn、Ni等多种矿物元素。其中Ca和Cu元素含量较高,分别为(23.13±0.75)mg.L-1和(176.50±2.26)mg.L-1,Fe和Ni元素含量相对较低,分别为(0.71±0.08)mg.L-1和(0.56±0.04)mg.L-1。     

野生和种植翅果油树果实中微量元素的分析比较

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对野生和种植翅果油树不同形状果实的果仁、果皮、果壳中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mg、Ca、K、Na、Mn 8种微量元素进行了分析比较.结果显示:在果仁果皮果壳中,8种微量元素的含量是K＞Mg＞Ca＞Fe＞Na＞Zn＞Mn＞Cu,其中果仁的Cu、Zn、Mg含量高.在果仁中Zn、Mg、K、Na、Mn是野生＞种...     

ICP-AES法测定新疆黑种草子,紫苏子,香青兰中微量元素的含量

本文建立了一种电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定植物药中微量元素含量的方法.采用等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定新疆黑种草子,紫苏子,香青兰中的微量元素.新疆黑种草子,紫苏子,香青兰中含有Cu,Al,Mn,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg,Ge,Ni,Cr,Sr,Se,Co等15种微量元素.特别是Al,Mg,Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn的含量较高.方法回收率为93.1%～106.0%.等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)可同时测定植物药中多种元素.     

8味补阴药补阳药中微量元素Fe、Mg、Zn、Ca、Mn、Cu的测定

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对补阴药石斛、玉竹、北沙参、女贞子和补阳药肉苁蓉、杜仲、菟丝子、补骨脂8味中药进行Fe、Mg、Zn、Ca、Mn、Cu含量测定。结果表明,以平均值而论Mg、Cu含量补阴药与补阳药相当,Fe、Ca含量补阴药低于补阳药,Zn、Mn含量补阴药高于补阳药。以每味中药而论,补阳药菟丝子Fe含量最高,是其他几味中药的近10倍,补阴药石斛Zn、Mn含量最高,是其他几味中药的3~10倍。补阴药、补阳药药效是相对的,但本实验测定各微量元素含量并没有呈现相对性,因此,补阴药、补阳药的药效与Fe、Mg、Zn、Ca、Mn、Cu微量元素的相关性有待于进一步研究。     

桔梗等中药微量元素初探

对中药桔梗、怀牛膝,华山参、鹿角胶,龟甲胶及阿胶进行了微量元素研究。结果发现：同一种中药因产地不同,其微量元素的含量不同。同一种植物药,其部位不同,所含微量元素多少不等。同一类型的中药,其品种、来源不同,微量元素的含量高低也不相同。本研究为今后对这些中药进行真伪鉴别,合理开发或综合利用都提供了科学的依据。     

一种测定中药复方制剂中活性成分的计算分析方法

提出了一种测定中药复方制剂中活性成分含量的计算分析新方法。该方法将主 成分分析和广义秩消因子分析集成用于处理HPLC／DAD数据，并改进了传统的IND因 子指示函数，适用于定量计算分析复杂混和物体系中的待测成分。将其用于测定复 方丹参制剂中三七皂苷R1的含量，计算分析结果表明，本方法明显优于广义秩消因 子法，同时证明IND函数的改进提高了计算分析准确度。     

HPLC Fingerprint with Multi-components Analysis for Quality Consistency Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Si-Mo-Tang Oral Liquid Preparation

Si-Mo-Tang(SMT) oral liquid preparation, a traditional Chinese medicine, was prepared from four crude herbal drugs, Fructus Aurantii Submaturus, Radix Aucklandiae, Semen Arecae and Radix Linderae Aggregatae. A combinative method using HPLC fingerprint and quantitative analysis was developed and validated for quality consistency evaluation of SMT. Individual HPLC chromatograms were evaluated against the mean chromatogram generated via a similarity evaluation computer program. Data from chromatographic fingerprints were also processed with principal component analysis(PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA). Additionally, six components (naringin, isonaringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, norisoboldine and potassium sorbate) in SMT were simultaneously determined to interpret the quality consistency. For fingerprint analysis, 20 peaks were selected as the characteristic peaks to evaluate the similarities of 26 SMT collected from different manufacturers. Among the 20 characteristic peaks, 10 peaks were assigned to be naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, isonaringin, neoeriocitrin, tangeretin, nobiletin, norisoboldine, 5-(ethoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde and potassium sorbate, respectively. The results of similarity analysis, PCA and HCA, indicate that the samples from different manufacturers were consistent with each other in composition. The results from the quantitative data show that the contents of six compounds were significantly different in SMT oral liquid preparations from different manufacturers. The combinative method of chromatographic fingerprint with quantitative analysis developed here offered an efficient way for the quality consistency evaluation of the traditional Chinese medicine SMT.     

联用色谱及多组分光谱相关色谱用于当归补血汤与单味药成分的比较研究

摘要利用HPLC-DAD提供的二维化学数据信息, 通过多组分光谱相关色谱方法及化学计量学分辨技术, 对相同试验条件下所得的当归补血汤及其单味药的色谱组分进行了比较和归属分析. 结果表明， 在当归补血汤色谱响应值较高的21个色谱峰中, 8个色谱峰的组分来自当归, 6个色谱峰的组分来自黄芪, 7个色谱峰的组分同时来源于当归和黄芪. 其中一些色谱峰簇中的其它组分发生了消长变化， 既有新物质的产生, 又有原有化学成分的消失， 说明中药复方配伍的药效物质基础不仅是各单味药化学成分的总和, 还有单味药在复方配伍过程中各种成分的相互作用. 本方法为中药复方与单味药化学组分的比较及归属分析, 尤其对重叠色谱峰簇的组分比较分析提供了方便、 快捷及可行的研究方法.     

Static headspace‐multicapillary column with gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry as a simple approach for the discrimination of crude and processed traditional Chinese medicines

The processing procedure can alter the nature and chemical transformation of traditional Chinese medicine to accommodate different clinical dispensing and preparation requirements. In this study, static headspace‐multicapillary column with gas chromatography coupled to ion mobility spectrometry was developed for the rapid and sensitive discrimination of crude and processed traditional Chinese medicine. Using Radix Paeoniae Alba as a traditional Chinese medicine model, the combined power of this approach was illustrated by classifying the crude and processed Radix Paeoniae Alba samples into two main categories. The contents of the main components in Radix Paeoniae Alba varied significantly. The established method could promote the use of ion mobility spectrometry in intrinsic quality control and differentiation of herbal medicines from other processed products or preparations.     

中草药中铁含量的测定与药效分析

为研究中草药中铁元素含量与心脑血管疾病的关系,选取红花、牛膝、首乌3种中草药,用盐酸羟胺为还原剂将三价铁还原为二价铁,在pH 4~6的条件下二价铁与邻二氮菲生成稳定的橘红色配合物,用721型分光光度计在波长为510 nm处直接测定了中草药中铁的含量。结果表明,牛膝中铁含量较高,为(2728.3750±34.3654)μg.g-1;首乌中铁的含量较低,为1493.437 5μg.g-1;红花中铁的含量适中,为(2344.770 8±17.3566)μg.g-1,3种中草药中铁的含量均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。测定结果为人们研究铁元素对心脑血管疾病的影响及合理开发利用中草药提供了科学依据。     

Authentication of Radix Aucklandiae and its substitutes by GC-MS and hierarchical clustering analysis

Radix Aucklandiae (Muxiang in Chinese), the dried root of Aucklandia lappa, is used as a medicinal material for digestive system disorders in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. Owing to the similarity of morphologies and trade names, Radix Vladimiriae (Chuan-Muxiang), the roots of Vladimiria souliei and V. souliei var. cinerea, and Radix Inulae (Tu-Muxiang), the roots of Inula helenium and Inula racemosa, as well as the renal toxic aristolochic acid containing Radix Aristolochiae (Qing-Muxiang), the roots of Aristolochia debilis and Aristolochia contorta, are often used confusedly as the substitutes of Radix Aucklandiae. In order to ensure the effective and safe utility of Radix Aucklandiae, a GC-MS method was developed to generate the chemical profiles of essential oils of Radix Aucklandiae and its substitutes. In addition, hierarchical clustering analysis was used to compare the similarities of these chemical profiles. It was found that all the samples of A. lappa have similar chemical profiles and were clustered into one group, while the samples of Radix Vladimiriae, Radix Inulae, and Radix Aristolochiae were clustered into their own independent groups, respectively, suggesting that together with hierarchical clustering analysis, chemical profiles of essential oils generated by GC-MS could objectively discriminate Radix Aucklandiae from its common substitutes.     

补肾益脾方剂中Se的测定

采用荧光法测定了补肾益脾方剂中党参、枸杞子、当归、补骨脂、何首乌、女真子、菟丝子等中的Ｓｅ含量。为探索富Ｓｅ中草药提供依据，可作为低Ｓｅ患者补Ｓｅ的参考。     

色谱指纹谱用于中药大黄抗肿瘤活性成分的筛选

采用液相色谱-质谱联用方法分析了中药大黄经过SD大鼠肝匀浆体外代谢前后的指纹谱中色谱峰面积、保留值的差异。指出5种游离型蒽醌化合物在SD大鼠肝匀浆体外代谢体系中只有大黄酚发生代谢反应转化为芦荟大黄素。考察了体外代谢条件下,肝匀浆浓度与代谢时间对大黄酚转化及其代谢产物的影响。SD大鼠体外抗肿瘤试验表明,大黄代谢物对于人宫颈癌(HeLa)细胞的抑制活性略高于其提取物。通过比较芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的活性,并结合大黄酚的体外代谢反应的考察,解释了大黄代谢物对肿瘤细胞活性的抑制率的提高是由大黄酚的代谢产物芦荟大黄素浓度的增加引起的。