基于与茜素红的荷移反应光度法测定苯妥英钠

采用光度法研究了电子给予体苯妥英钠与电子接受体茜素红之间的荷移反应,据此建立了荷移光度法测定苯妥英钠含量的方法.在水溶液中,苯妥英钠与茜素红荷移络合物的最大吸收波长为530 nm,该络合物的组成为1:1,表观摩尔吸光率为6.54×103L·mol-1·cm-1,稳定常数为2.26×105.苯妥英钠的质量浓度在4～40 mg·L-1叫范围内符合比耳定律.当苯妥英钠质量浓度为20 mg·L-1时,相对标准偏差(n=10)为1.23%.测定了片剂中苯妥英钠的含量,加标回收率在97.7%～101.0%之间.     

胶束增敏荷移分光光度法测定水中苯胺

用分光光度法研究了苯胺作为电子给体与电子受体茜素红的荷移反应。在pH 5.0乙酸介质中,苯胺与茜素红可形成1∶1的稳定荷移络合物,加入适量的十二烷基硫酸钠,可引起该络合物的吸光度显著增加,最大吸收波长为525 nm,表观摩尔吸光率为3.25×103L.mol-1.cm-1,苯胺的质量浓度在2.0～56.0 mg.L-1范围内呈线性关系。应用此法测定废水样中微量苯胺,并以此水样为基体作回收试验,测得平均回收率在100.3%。     

荷移光度法测定依诺沙星

依诺沙星与茜素红在水-乙醇介质中发生电荷转移反应,其中依诺沙星是电子给予体,茜素红是电子接受体,依据此荷移反应建立了一种快速测定依诺沙星的荷移分光光度法.荷移络合物在 546 nm 波长处有最大吸收,表观摩尔吸光率为 8.04×103L·mol-1·cm-1,相关系数为0.999 9.该络合物的组成为 1:1,表观稳定常数为 2.84×104.依诺沙星的质量浓度在 0～40 mg·L-1范围内服从比耳定律.当依诺沙星的质量浓度为 20 mg·L-1时,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)为 1.2%,回收率在 99%以上.测定了依诺沙星制剂中有效成分的含量,与文献[1]方法结果基本吻合.     

司帕沙星与茜素红荷移反应的研究

采用紫外分光光度法研究了π电子受体茜素红与电子给予体司帕沙星的荷移反应。确定了反应条件,建立了一种快速简便灵敏准确测定司帕沙星的荷移分光光度法。结果表明,司帕沙星与茜素红在(4+6)乙醇-水介质中,室温条件下即可形成1∶1稳定的荷移络合物,该络合物的最大吸收波长为530 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为4.8×103L.mol-1.cm-1,司帕沙星药物质量浓度在6~160mg/L范围内服从比尔定律,r=0.9991。当该法用于片剂中司帕沙星的测定时,回收率为99.75%~100.00%,相对标准偏差为1.4%(n=10)。     

荷移分光光度法测定双酚S的研究

该文研究了电子供体硼砂与双酚S荷移络合物的光谱性质,建立了简单快速测定双酚S(BPS)含量的荷移紫外分光光度法。结果表明:荷移络合物的最大吸收波长为291 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为1.92×104L·mol-1·cm-1。双酚S的质量浓度在0.7~7 mg/L范围内符合比尔定律,相关系数为0.999 6,检出限为0.195 mg/L。该方法用于测定塑料中双酚S的含量,加标回收率为99.8%~100.4%,相对标准偏差不大于0.5%。     

奥硝唑与氯醌酸的荷移反应研究

研究了奥硝唑与氯醌酸在正丙醇介质的荷移反应,建立了一种快速简便测定奥硝唑的荷移分光光度法.在室温下,荷移反应生成2∶1的荷移络合物,最大吸收波长为534nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε=1.08×104 L·mol-1·cm-1.奥硝唑的浓度在5.0~83mg/L范围内服从比尔定律,相关系数r=0.999 3,相对标准偏差为1.3%~2.1%,回收率为99.1%~101.7%.     

阿替洛尔与紫色素的荷移反应研究

采用光度法研究了电子给予体阿替洛尔与电子接受体紫色素之间的荷移反应,据此建立了荷移光度法测定阿替洛尔含量的方法。实验表明,阿替洛尔与紫色素在乙醇介质中,室温条件下即可形成稳定的1∶1型荷移络合物,该络合物的最大吸收波长为542nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为6.17×103L.mo-l1.cm-1。阿替洛尔的质量浓度在0~35 mg.L-1范围内符合比尔定律,相关系数为0.9993。当阿替洛尔的质量浓度为20 mg.L-1时,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.78%。采用本法测定片剂中阿替洛尔的含量,平均回收率在98.9%~101.6%之间。     

荷移分光光度法测定酒石酸美托洛尔

研究了酒石酸美托洛尔与紫色素之间的荷移反应。确定了反应条件,建立了一种测定酒石酸美托洛尔的荷移分光光度法。酒石酸美托洛尔与紫色素在乙醇介质中,室温条件下即可形成稳定的1∶1型荷移络合物,该络合物的最大吸收波长为540 nm,表观摩尔吸光率为6.83×103L.mol-1.cm-1。酒石酸美托洛尔质量浓度在10~80 mg/L范围内服从比耳定律,相关系数为0.9991。相对标准偏差为1.3%(n=11),回收率为99.3%~102.7%。     

克拉霉素与苯基荧光酮的荷移反应及其测定

本文建立了一种测定克拉霉素的荷移分光光度法,克拉霉素与苯基荧光酮(PF)在乙醇溶液中发生荷移反应,荷移络合物在波长519nm处有最大吸收,其表观摩尔吸光系数为1.70×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,荷移络合物的组成比为1∶1,稳定常数为2.86×104,药物浓度在5.0×10-6~7.0×10-5 mol/L范围内服从比耳定律,当克拉霉素浓度为4.0×10-5 mol/L时,8次测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.46%,检出限为6.0×10-7 mol/L。利用该法测定了克拉霉素胶囊中有效成分的含量,回收率大于98%以上。     

基于氯冉酸荷移分光光度法测定乙酰螺旋霉素含量

研究了乙酰螺旋霉素和氯冉酸在甲醇介质中发生的荷移络合反应,确定了最佳条件,从而建立了一种简便快速测定乙酰螺旋霉素的荷移分光光度法。荷移络合物的最大吸收波长为λ=531 nm,络合比为1∶1,该络合物的吸光度与乙酰螺旋霉素的浓度在1.2～20 mg/L范围内呈线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.9998,检出限为0.5 mg/L,相对标准偏差为1.2%,回收率为99.5%～101.2%。本方法用于对乙酰螺旋霉素片含量的测定,结果较为满意。     

Determination of sodium phenobarbital in animal chow by high-pressure liquid chromatography

An analytical procedure is described for determining residues of sodium phenobarbital in animal chow at levels as low as 0.14 ppm. The methanol extract is subjected to a liquid-liquid cleanup at pH 13 and 1, further cleaned up on a silica gel column and assayed by high-pressure liquid chromatography by using an ultraviolet absorption detector at 210 nm. Data concerning extraction efficiency, partition values and stability of the chemical in animal chow are also presented.     

Interaction of carbamazepine and phenobarbital in rabbits

The interaction of carbamazepine and phenobarbital in rabbits was investigated. The drugs were administered to the rabbit orally as a single dose. By simultaneous administration the sequence of drugs was varied, with an interval between doses of 15 min. The doses of carbamazepine and phenobarbital were 100 and 25 mg, respectively. It was established that phenobarbital appears to be an inductor for carbamazepine independently sequence of administration of the drugs. Carbamazepine reveals inductive properties for phenobarbital in the case where phenobarbital enteres in the organism first. It was ascertained also that, by simultaneous administration, these drugs reduce absorption of each other in plasma.     

Physiochemical properties of phenobarbital solid dispersion with phosphatidylcholine

We prepared a phenobarbital (PB) solid dispersion (SD) with phosphatidylcholine (PC). PB was present in an amorphous state in SD if its mole fraction was under 0.75. An infrared (IR) spectra study suggested a hydrogen bond between NH in PB and phosphate in PC, with a ratio of about 1:1. When the mole fraction of PB was less than 0.50, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves showed endothermic peaks at 57, 90 and 145 degrees C, and an exothermic peak at 60 degrees C. The IR spectrum and X-ray diffraction pattern changed after holding at 70 degrees C, so at this point it is considered that the metastable state of SD changed into a stable state, and extra energy was released. When the mole fraction of PB was high, PB also arranged near hydrophobic group because an endothermic peak was observed at 46-52 degrees C, which was lower than fully hydrated PC. PB is similar to indomethacin (IM) in molecular shape and to phenytoin (PHT) in chemical structure. Its DSC curve and IR spectra are similar to PHT, and the limit ratio of its amorphous state is the same as IM. It is considered that the chemical structure is an important factor in its interaction to PC, and also, the molecular shape is important to arrange into PC lattice.     

Homogeneous immunoassay of phenobarbital by phase-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy

A new technique for determination of phenobarbital by homogeneous fluoroimmunoassay is described. Simultaneous determination of free and antibody-bound fluorescein-labelled phenobarbital is accomplished by making phase-resolved fluorescence measurements, in which selectivity is provided by the difference between the fluorescence lifetimes of the two species, as well as by the difference in fluorescence intensities. The technique requires no specialized reagents other than those inherent in immunoassay (antibody, antigen and labelled antigen). Problems due to non-specific binding of labelled antigen to sample matrix components can be alleviated by addition of a relative excess of albumin.     

Determination of phenobarbital in plasma by micellar liquid chromatography

A new liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of phenobarbital in plasma samples is described. The proposed system uses a Spherisorb octadecyl-silane ODS-2 C(18) analytical column, a guard column of similar characteristics, and a 0.03 M CTAB-3% 1-propanol at pH 7 mobile phase. The UV detector was set at 250 nm. Butabarbital was used as internal standard. Sample preparation only required the addition to the plasma samples of a 0.1 M SDS solution at pH 3 and centrifugation before injection into the chromatographic system. The limit of detection was 0.83 microg/mL of phenobarbital in plasma samples. The coefficients of variation were lower than 7. 5%.