药代动力学实验室液相色谱串联质谱仪期间核查方法的建立

建立符合ISO17025认可要求的药代动力学实验室中液相色谱串联质谱仪的期间核查方法。采用仪器状态及性能核查、仪器比对及全国室间质评等手段,对液相色谱质谱联用仪检测结果的有效性及准确性进行评价。结果为仪器状态及性能核查指标全部合格;仪器比对采用API 3200QTrap与API 4000的测试数据进行比较,结果两组间精密度(ρ=0.072,P>0.05)及均值(ρ=0.380,P>0.05)均无差异;全国室间质评5组盲样的测试浓度均在允许范围内,全部合格通过。2019年度液相色谱质谱联用仪期间核查结果为满意。期间核查可系统评价液相色谱质谱联用仪的性能,提高检测质量,以满足CNAS CL-01:2018对药代动力学实验室仪器的要求。     

质控数据在医学实验室仪器稳定性期间核查中的应用

建立一种医学实验室仪器稳定性期间核查新方法。通过对2组不同时间段质控数据的统计分析,判断2组质控数据的精密度差异和2组质控数据均数的显著性差异,依据实验室制定的判定依据,判断在此期间仪器的工作状态。将质控数据应用于检测实验室仪器稳定性的期间核查,能有效地实施实验室内部质量控制和反映仪器的工作状态,与传统的核查方法相比更具有及时性、便捷性。该方法对医学实验室尤其是自动化检测实验室具有良好的推广价值。     

标准物质在检测实验室质量控制中的应用

【】 本文介绍了检测中使用标准物质进行质量控制的重要意义,分别在盲样测试、期间核查和质量控制图应用方面提出了使用标准物质进行质量控制的三种方法,并通过在实验室获得的检测数据对上述应用方法作了实例说明,对检测实验室应用标准物质进行质量控制工作具有指导意义。     

理化实验室仪器设备的期间核查方法——以气相色谱仪的核查为实例

CNAS-CL01《检测和校准实验室能力认可准则》[1]及《实验室资质认定评审准则》[2]中要求实验室进行测量设备的期间核查。所谓"仪器设备期间核查"就是在两次正规的检定/校准间隔的期间,进行仪器的核查。其意义在于检查测量仪器的校准状态在校准有效期内是否得到保持,增加保持设备校准状态的可信度,防止使用不符合技术规范要求的仪器设备。通过期间核查及时发现出现的量值失准及缩短失准后的追溯时间,当核查发现不允许的偏     

高纯钛的辉光放电质谱法多元素分析

采用辉光放电质谱法(GD-MS)测定高纯钛中Mg、Al、Cr、Fe、V、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Sn、Sb、Ta、W、Pb、Bi等痕量杂质元素,并对GD-MS工作参数及条件进行了优化。主要元素与内标校正ICP-MS法定量分析的结果一致,对结果差异的原因进行分析,论述了Element GD辉光放电质谱仪在痕量杂质元素分析方面的优势。     

环境监测常用测量仪器期间核查方法及实例

<正>期间核查是指为保持测量仪器校准/检定状态的可信度,而对仪器示值(或其修正因子或修正值)在规定时间间隔内是否保持其在规定最大允许误差或扩展不确定度或准确度等级内的核查。其目的就是在一个检定/校准周期内,防止使用不符合技术规范要求的仪器设备[1]。期间核查是实验室确保检测结果的行之有效的内部质量控制活动。环境监测中所用测量仪器种类多、数量大,部分测量仪器使用频率高、使用环境条件恶劣,测量仪器性能直接影响测     

控制图在检测实验室设备期间核查中的应用

探讨了统计控制图在检测实验室一些易漂移设备期间核查中的应用。以天平的期间核查为例,利用20组观测数据绘制控制图,得到X图、R图、S图,并结合X–R图分析核查天平的状态。分析结果表明,将统计用控制图应用于检测实验室仪器期间核查可以随时掌握仪器设备校准状态是否发生变化,该法简单易行。     

辉光放电质谱仪的校准

建立了辉光放电质谱仪的校准方法。校准项目包括检测器噪声、分辨率、灵敏度、检出限、示值误差及重复性。经多家实验室的共同试验比对,提出并验证了计量性能指标,对示值误差进行了不确定度评定。其中,检测器噪声不大于1 c/s。在中分辨率模式下,分辨率不小于3500,灵敏度不小于1×10^(9) c/s。在高分辨率模式下,分辨率不小于8000,灵敏度不小于1×10^(8) c/s。检出限不大于7×10^(–7)%。示值误差不大于±20%。重复性不大于10%。该方法为辉光放电质谱仪的计量性能评价提供参考,推动相关计量技术规范的制定。     

理化实验室标准物质期间核查方法与实例

CNAS-CL01《检测和校准实验室能力认可准则》及《实验室资质认定评审准则》[2]要求进行标准物质的期间核查。标准物质期间核查是为保持其校准状态的置信度,即为了验证标准物质在贮存、使用的过程中不发生质量的变化,避免因检测人员的使用和保管不当造成的标准物质量值传递发生偏     

辉光放电质谱仪校准方法

研究了辉光放电质谱仪（GDMS）的校准方法,评定了校准结果不确定度。用纯铜和合金钢标准样品在优化条件下对辉光放电质谱仪的灵敏度、稳定性、分辨率、检出限、示值误差和重复性等计量指标进行校准,验证仪器的可靠性。运用标准曲线方法定量分析合金钢标准样品中铜、钼、钨3钟元素,计算得铜、钼、钨3钟元素测量值的相对扩展不确定度分别为8%、6%、9%。根据不确定度来源和各不确定度分量结果,可知相对灵敏度因子（F）带来的不确定度显著高于其它不确定度,其对GDMS定量分析的准确性产生较大影响。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.