生物组织中锗的极谱催化波测定

在苏木色精－偏钒酸铵－抗坏血酸－草酸体系中，锗可产生一灵敏的极谱催化液，峰电位为－０．５７Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），线性范围为４．００×１０－１０～１．１２×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，锗与苏木色精络合物组成为１：２，条件稳定常数β＝６．５７×１０，用催化极谱法测定生物样品中痕量锗，具有灵敏、准确、快速、简便、选择性好的优点。     

锗(Ⅳ)-没食子酸-钒(Ⅴ)-EDTA体系极谱吸附催化波的研究

在ｐＨ２．６的一氯乙酸盐缓冲溶液中，锗（Ⅳ）－没食子酸－钒（Ⅴ）－ＥＤＴＡ体系产生一灵敏的吸附平行催化波，峰电位在－０．６４Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）左右。二次导数波波高与锗浓度在１．４×１０－９～５．６×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内分段呈线性关系。检测限为８．０×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。研究了电极过程机理，并用本法测定了矿泉水中的痕量锗，结果满意。     

发生氢化物－原子吸收光谱法测定高纯氧化锗中的痕量砷

用硝酸和盐酸分解试样，氯化蒸发分离锗，以发生氢化物－原子吸收光谱法测定砷。本文考察了锗的分离效果，共存元素的干扰和发生氢化物的条件。用本方法测定氧化锗中５．８×１０￣（－５）％的砷，相对标准偏差为４．５％，方法检出限为６．８×１０￣（－５）％     

锗（Ⅳ）─苯基荧光酮体系差分脉冲吸附伏安法的研究

在１．４１×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的硫酸介质中，锗与苯基荧光酮试剂反应在－０．５７Ｖ（ＶＳ．ＳＣＥ）电位处产生灵敏的络合吸附波．用差分脉冲极谱法测定．该络合吸附波的峰高与锗（Ⅳ）浓度在３．２×１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ－４．０×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成正比，检测下限是８．５×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．本文详细讨论了测定的最佳条件及电极反应的机理，并用该法测定了人参中锗的含量。     

锗(Ⅳ)-邻苯二酚紫-钒(Ⅳ)体系的极谱吸附催化波研究

在０．１ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４溶液中，Ｇｅ（Ⅳ）－邻苯二酚紫（ＰＶ）－Ｖ（Ⅳ）体系产生一灵敏的吸附催化波，峰电位在－０．５５Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）处．锗浓度在２．２×１０－１０～２．８×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内与峰电流呈线性关系．检出限为１．１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．研究了极谱波的性质．本法用于土壤中痕量锗的测定，结果满意．     

锗（Ⅳ）－3，4－二羟基苯甲酸－钒（Ⅴ）－EDTA体系极谱吸附催化波的研究

在ｐＨ３．１的甲酸盐缓冲溶液中，Ｇｅ（Ⅳ）－３，４－二羟基苯甲酸－Ｖ（Ⅴ）－ＥＤＴＡ体系产生一灵敏的吸附平行催化波，峰电位在－０．７０Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），二次导数波高与锗浓度在２．５×１０－１０～４．０×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，检测限为１×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。研究了电极过程机理，用本法测定了矿泉水中的痕量锗，结果满意。     

油漆工头发中铁、锌、铜水平的研究

对８２名苯作业工人和１００名对照组工人的发铁、发锌和发铜含量水平进行了研究。结果揭示，油漆作业工人发铁含量为１０．３×１０－６±２．３×１０－６，明显低于对照组（１４．４×１０－６±３．１×１０－６）．Ｐ＜０．０１，发铜含量为７．４×１０－６±１．２×１０－６，亦低于对照组（９．８×１０－６±１．３×１０－６）．Ｐ＜０．０５；发锌含量为１６９．２×１０－６±２６×１０－６，与对照组（１７２．５×１０－６±２８×１０－６）基本相同，Ｐ＞０．０５．     

云南名香烟等嗜好物品含氟量的研究

本文报道了（１）十二种云南高档和普通香烟含氟量为５．４４３４×１０－６～８．５８４×１０－６，平均７．２２３±０．９９４０×１０－６，湖南笑梅、Ｍｏｒｅ香烟含氟显为１２．５４２×１０－６和６．１４８×１０－６；（２）用高氟玉米和小麦酿造的６０°和５０°白酒，含氟量分别为０．０７４±０．００４ｍｇ／Ｌ和０．０７６±０．００６ｍｇ／Ｌ；（３）西双版纳和广东大丰咖啡及雀巢咖啡含氟量范围１．６７２×１０－６～４．４４６×１０－６，平均３．１１０×１０－６±１．３０６×１０－６；（４）昆明市售花茶、红茶、绿茶、砖茶共３０份，含氟量分别为７５．５×１０－６±７．０７×１０－６、１０．４．１３×１０－６±６０．６６×１０－６、６２．２×１０－６±４８．０８×１０－６和３０５．５×１０－６。上述四种嗜好物品除茶叶含氟量高，饮茶过量会引起氟中毒外，其余三种与氟中毒关系不大．     

硒对氟中毒大鼠尿氟及脑肾组织脂质过氧化物含量的影响

大鼠饲料分别加入２×１０－６、４×１０－６硒．饮用７．５×１０－６、１５×１０－６氟水．１个月后，随尿硒粪硒排量增加，尿氟排量也增高，以２×１０－６硒饲料排氟效果最佳．血浆中ＡＬＰ、ＧＯＴ、ＧＰＴ及ＬＤＨ等酶活性加硒组有不同程度的降低．随后两次增高氟水量重复试验，给以２×１０－６硒饲料，仍观察到尿氟排量增高．血中含硒酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性也有升高趋势，脑及肾中脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量明显减少，病区患者服硒后，尿氟含量亦高于对照组．实验结果提示；１）硒能促使体内氟由尿中排出；２）降低某些组织ＬＰＯ含量；３）减少体内氟含量；４）预防和改善氟中毒某些临床症状。     

应用示波极谱吸附波测定药物中锗

在ｐＨ２～６的硫酸介质中，锗（Ⅳ）、锑（Ⅲ）和钼（Ⅵ）形成三元杂多酸，此三元杂多酸在０．２４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈ２ＳＯ４中能迅速在滴汞电极上还原而产生灵敏的极谱电流，其峰电位为－０．３５Ｖ（ｖｓ，ＳＣＥ），测定下限是２×１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。用药用进行加标准回收实验，误差在１０％之内，满足微量分析的要求。     

Investigation on the Thermostability of Germanium and Elimination of Chloride and Sulfate.Interference on Germanium in Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

TheadvantageofdeterminationoftraceGebyGF.AASisthatonlyafewmicrolitersofsampleisused.Butthematrixinterference,especiallychlorideionandsulfateionisveryseriousl.Sothereisanimportantsubjectforfurtherinvestigatingtoeliminatetheseinterferences.Nitricacidisanoxidant.ThetetravalentGeisstabilizedowingtoitsoxidation.ThemagnitudeoftheGesignalvarieswiththeconcentrationofnitricacidandthemaximumoftheGesignalisobservedwith0.6mol/Lnitricacid.Theactionofsomenitratesissimilarbuttheconcentrationofvariousnit…     

分光光度法同时测定鬼针草中锗和钼的含量

采用苯基荧光酮(苯芴酮)-CTMAB分光光度法对鬼针草中锗和钼的含量同时进行了测定。实验表明,锗质量浓度在0~1.1μg/mL、钼质量浓度在0~1.1μg/mL与吸光度呈线性关系。相关系数(r):锗为0.994,钼为0.971。摩尔吸光系数:锗ε514.50=8.29×104L.mol-1.cm-1,钼ε524.50=5.56×104L.mol-1.cm-1。方法检出限:锗为6.08μg/L;钼为12.62μg/L。回收率:锗为100.0%,钼为99.2%。RSD:锗为0.2%,钼为0.2%。     

Hydrogen-Related Paramagnetic Centers in Ge-Doped Sol-Gel Silica Induced by γ-Ray Irradiation

We have studied the generation mechanisms of H(II) paramagnetic centers in Ge-doped silica by investigating up to 10⁴ mol ppm sol-gel Ge-doped silica materials. We have considered materials with the same concentrations of Ge but that are produced by two different densification routes that give rise to different concentrations of Ge-related oxygen deficient centers (GeODC(II)). These centers are characterized by an optical absorption band at ∼5.2 eV (B_2β band) and two related emissions at ∼3.2 eV and ∼4.3 eV. The GeODC(II) content was estimated by absorption and emission measurements. The H(II) centers were induced by room temperature γ-ray irradiation and their concentration was determined by electron paramagnetic resonance measurements. The comparison between the two kinds of materials, obtained by different preparations, shows that the GeODC(II) concentration increases with the Ge content and is enhanced by vacuum densification. The comparison of irradiated samples shows that beyond the already known process of conversion of preexisting GeODC(II) into H(II) centers, another generation process of H(II) centers is effective that involves irradiation induced GeODC(II).     

Germanium carboxylates: the first X‐ray diffraction study of germanium(II) dicarboxylate and germanium(IV) tetracarboxylate

Germanium(II) dipropionate (1) has been synthesized and its crystal structure, as well as that of germanium(IV) tetrapropionate (2), has been determined. By contrast to monomeric 2 with monodentate propionate ligands, compound 1 is associated, forming a cyclotetramer [Ge(O₂CEt)₂]₄ (1a) via intermolecular dative C?O → Ge interactions. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis of germanium sols via thermal decomposition of gaseous germane

A new approach to the synthesis of colloidal Ge nanoparticles in high-boiling solvent via thermal decomposition of germane is presented. Obtained products were analyzed by XRD, XRF, TEM, absorption spectrophotometry, Raman IR and PL spectroscopy. Ge nanoparticles have mean sizes about 4–5 nm, are apparently amorphous and nonspherical.     

树舌及提取物中锗含量分析

采用分光光度法测定了辽宁产树舌及不同方法提取中锗元素的含量。结果表明,树舌中含有较丰富的锗,且不同提物中锗含量亦不相同,这为中药炮制选择合理工艺提供了参考依据。     

有机锗Ge—132工艺研究

有机锗Ｇｅ－１３２是一种具有多种生理活性的功能免疫调节剂，已广泛用于保健，临床。随着各国对锗的研究不断深入，对其质量要求越来越高，从有机锗的生产角度出发，本文对原有工艺进行了许多改进，使有机锗的品质，产率，生产效率均有不同程度的提高，而生产成本大幅降低，并对原工艺不能处理的副产品进行综合回收，消除污染，取得可观的社会与经济效益。     

Nanoclusters of Silicon and Germanium

Synthetic routes for the preparation of Si or Ge nanoclusters as gaseous species, colloids, supported composites, or as unsupported powders are reviewed along with selected characterization data. The optical properties of these and related materials, such as porous Si, are summarized with particular emphasis on photo- or electroluminescence phenomena. Research opportunities related to Si and Ge cluster chemistry are suggested.