气相色谱法测定建筑用粘接剂中6种磷酸酯的含量

提出了气相色谱法测定建筑用粘接剂中6种磷酸酯含量的方法。样品用甲醇超声提取15min。用HP-50+毛细管色谱柱(30m×0.53mm,1μm)分离,火焰光度检测器检测。6种磷酸酯在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积均呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在0.8~1.5mg·kg-1之间,测定下限(10S/N)在2.5~5.0mg·kg-1之间。以空白建筑用粘接剂样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在83.2%~97.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在5.0%以内。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中的磷脂脂肪酸

采用气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中的磷脂脂肪酸。土壤样品加入氢氧化钾的甲醇溶液中,其中的磷脂脂肪酸经甲酯化后,用正己烷萃取.萃取液采用Agilent DB-5MS色谱柱分离,质谱分析中选用全扫描和选择离子监测模式。26种脂肪酸甲酯的质量浓度在一定范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在0.001 2~0.295 9mg·L-1之间。加标回收率在108%~115%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)在3.2%~6.4%之间。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定工作场所空气中3种多环芳烃

采用毛细管气相色谱法测定工作场所空气中3种多环芳烃(萘、萘烷和四氢化萘)的含量。样品采用活性炭管采集,二硫化碳解吸20min,用DB-FFAP毛细管气相色谱柱分离,火焰离子检测器检测。3种多环芳烃在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)在0.05~0.5 mg·L-1之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在89.3%~97.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在2.2%~5.4%之间。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定发泡聚苯乙烯制品中6种邻苯二甲酸酯的含量

采用气相色谱-质谱法测定发泡聚苯乙烯制品中6种邻苯二甲酸酯的含量。样品(0.250 0g)以二氯甲烷为溶剂,用乙腈(15mL)沉淀聚合物后取其溶液,用DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱分离。在质谱分析中,用选择离子扫描模式下测定。6种邻苯二甲酸酯在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的测定下限(10S/N)在0.13~4.61mg·kg~(-1)之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在85.8%~102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.3%~4.6%之间。     

气相色谱法测定修正类产品中10种苯类溶剂残留量

采用气相色谱法测定修正类产品中10种苯类溶剂的残留量。修正类产品样品用乙酸乙酯超声提取30min,用DB-WAX毛细管色谱柱(30m×0.32mm,0.25μm)分离,火焰离子化检测器检测。10种化合物的质量浓度均在0.20~100.0mg·L-1范围内与其信号强度呈线性关系,方法的测定下限(10S/N)在1.8~2.1mg·kg-1之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在90.3%~113%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.8%~6.1%之间。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定婴幼儿奶粉中37种脂肪酸和12种反式脂肪酸

称取5.0g婴幼儿奶粉样品,在乙醇2mL,水4mL和氨水20mL的介质中,于75℃的恒温水浴中振荡水解40min,每间隔5min振荡一次,水解完成后冷却至室温,并在水解混合物中加入乙醇10mL,混匀。用体积比为1∶1的乙醚-石油醚混合液30mL振荡提取10min,离心5min,收集醚层提取液,留存于烧瓶中;再用乙醚-石油醚按相同步骤重复提取2次。将所收集的醚层提取液合并旋转蒸发至干,所得残留物即为从样品提取所得脂肪总量。取此提取所得脂肪60.0mg,溶解于异辛烷4mL中,再加入2mol·L~(-1)氢氧化钾-甲醇溶液200μL,振荡30s,静置至澄清,使脂肪酸甲酯化。加入硫酸氢钠1g中和氢氧化钾,然后离心3min。取其上层溶液按仪器工作条件进行气相色谱-质谱分析。采用高极性HP-88毛细管色谱柱,进样量为1.0μL,从130～240℃按程序升温的条件进行分离,并引入质谱仪进行测定,质谱测定中用电子轰击(EI)离子源,和在m/z 45～450内全扫描模式进行定性和定量测定。试验中选择样品中含量较低的反式脂肪酸为分析物,并测定了相关的参数。所测定的12种反式脂肪酸甲酯分别在一定的质量浓度内与其相应的峰面积之间呈线性关系,其检出限(3S/N)为0.42～1.45mg·L~(-1)。按标准加入法测得的回收率为75.5%～107%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在1.1%～8.5%之间。脂肪酸采用面积归一化法测定。按此方法分析了3种婴儿奶粉,其中饱和脂肪酸含量在50%以上,反式脂肪酸含量均小于0.5%,均符合国家标准规定。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定生态纺织品中的邻苯二甲酸酯类

采用气相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定生态纺织品中的24种邻苯二甲酸酯类。样品经正己烷超声提取,提取液经ProElut PSX玻璃固相萃取柱净化,以丙酮-正己烷(15+85)混合液洗脱,洗脱液经氮气吹至近干后,用正己烷定容至1.0 mL。采用DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱分离,质谱分析中采用电子轰击离子源和选择反应监测模式。24种邻苯二甲酸酯类的质量浓度在一定范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)在1.0~10 mg·kg~(-1)之间,测定下限(10S/N)在5.0~25 mg·kg~(-1)之间。加标回收率在81.3%~102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.8%~6.6%之间。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定聚氨酯胶粘剂中二异氰酸酯

采用气相色谱-质谱法测定聚氨酯胶粘剂中的二异氰酸酯的含量。样品经乙酸乙酯超声提取15min。在气相色谱分离中用HP-5色谱柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用全扫描和选择离子监测模式。二异氰酸酯在一定的质量浓度范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的测定下限(10S/N)在5~100 mg·kg-1之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在60.8%~97.5%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.67%~7.1%之间。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定酒中23种邻苯二甲酸酯残留量

应用气相色谱-质谱法测定酒中23种邻苯二甲酸酯残留量。样品在沸水浴中加热除去乙醇后用正己烷提取。离心分离后上清液经DB-5MS石英毛细管色谱柱分离,在选择离子检测模式下进行质谱测定。23种邻苯二甲酸酯的质量浓度均在0.1~10mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的测定下限(10S/N)为0.5mg·kg-1(DINP及DIDP)和0.1mg·kg-1(其余21种邻苯二甲酸酯)。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在84.1%~100%之间。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定蔬菜和土壤中17种邻苯二甲酸酯

采用气相色谱-串联质谱法测定蔬菜和土壤中17种邻苯二甲酸酯的含量。蔬菜样品用乙腈均质提取,土壤利用水和乙腈振荡提取。在气相色谱分离中用DB-1701MS色谱柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用多反应监测模式。17种邻苯二甲酸酯的质量浓度均在2.00~500μg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,测定下限(10S/N)在0.01~0.32μg·kg-1之间。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,所得回收率在71.1%~118%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.20%~15%之间。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.