"铁和铁的化合物"教学中新手-成手型教师课堂语言行为的比较研究

采用"弗氏语言互动分析方法"(FIAC)对"铁和铁的化合物"新手-成手型教师的课堂进行数据处理和分析,比较新手型与成手型教师的课堂语言行为的特点;为了弥补"弗氏语言互动分析方法"强烈定量化的局限性,本文还借助板块理论、课堂语音实录等材料与弗兰德斯互动分析的主要参数和语言动态曲线相结合,深入地分析了新手型教师与成手型教师...     

载铁复合环境材料的制备及对水体中砷的深度净化

铁及水合氧化铁可通过配位作用实现对砷的高效吸附分离,但因其颗粒板细,难以直接应用于水体砷污染控制中.将铁及水合氧化铁负载于多孔材料内表面制备载铁复合环境材料是解决这一问题的有效途径.目前国内外在载铁复合环境材料的制备与表征、吸附及再生性能、除砷机理、材料稳定性等方面进行了广泛的研究,部分材料已实现工业化生产与应用.本文简要综述了国内外常见载铁复合环境材料的制备方法及其除砷性能.     

铁掺杂SBA-15基中孔材料的合成、表征及应用研究进展

综述了含铁SBA-15材料的合成、表征及其应用的研究进展,重点总结了介孔材料合成过程中不同铁物种的调控合成方法与鉴别手段.     

超铁电池的研究及其展望

以六价铁化合物作为正极材料的超铁电池具有很高的能量。本文对六价铁化合物的应用、合成方法、化学分析、材料的稳定性研究以及放电性能等领域的研究动态进行了介绍。超铁材料的稳定性是该电池研究所面临的重大问题。本文对超铁电池下一步研究思路提出了初步的设想。     

功能性纳米零价铁的构筑及其对环境放射性核素铀的富集应用研究进展

随着核能的广泛应用和核技术的快速发展,环境中放射性核素铀的污染日益严峻.纳米零价铁（Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron：nZVI）因其具有廉价、制备简便、高表面活性及对铀高效的吸附性能等特性而逐渐成为环境中铀污染处理的良好材料.采用可行的方法制备纳米零价铁复合材料,借助单体材料之间的协同效应可进一步提高材料对铀酰的吸附性能.因此,纳米零价铁复合材料的制备以及应用成为近期环境科学领域的研究热点之一.针对纳米零价铁及其复合材料对环境中铀酰的去除研究进行了概述和展望,包括纳米零价铁及其复合材料的制备方法、去除效果及去除机理,并且简要探讨了纳米零价铁及其复合材料在环境放射性污染治理的应用前景,以期为今后的深入研究和实际应用提供参考依据.     

金属β－二酮化合物用于MOCVD法生长铁电氧化物薄膜

对用于MOCVD法生长铁电氧化物薄膜的金属β－二酮化合物的制备、结构及性质进行了评述，对它们在生长铁电薄膜中的应用现状进行了介绍，并对它们的应用前景作了展望。     

铁基材料除磷性能及影响因素研究进展

本文总结了铁基材料去除水中磷酸盐的相关研究进展。基于铁基材料的物化性能,阐述了铁基材料与磷酸盐之间的反应机理,主要包括络合沉淀、吸附和配体交换等,并列举了铁基材料除磷的实际应用及其修饰和改性方法。分析了铁基材料对磷的去除效果和影响因素,最后展望了铁基材料在除磷研究方面的发展方向。     

•前言•生物医用高分子

“生物医用高分子”是生物材料的最重要组成部分, 是保障人类健康的必需品; 其应用不仅挽救了数以千万计人的生命, 提高了生命质量, 且对医疗技术和保健系统的革新、降低医疗费用也具有引导作用. 同时, 生物医用高分子又是高分子材料科学的重要分支, 是21世纪高分子材料科学, 特别是功能高分子或精细高分子领域内非常活跃而又重要的前沿发展方向. 作为一类生物材料, 在使用过程中必然与生理系统(血液、组织、细胞等)或其组成部分(蛋白、酶、DNA、多糖、无机盐和各类生物小分子)相接触, 因此其研究与发展与生命科学和医学也密切相关. 生物医用高分子的特征之一是生物功能性(biofunctionality), 即能够对生物体进行疾病诊断、组织替换或修复; 之二是生物相容性(biocompatibility), 即材料引起适当的机体反应的能力, 是区别于其他高技术材料的最重要的特征, 包括不引起生物体组织、血液等不良反应. 现代医学的进步与生物材料的发展密不可分, 如各种介入诊断和治疗导管、药物传递控释系统、创伤和烧伤敷料、血管内支架、人工关节与功能性假体等已得到广泛的应用. 但是, 生物医用高分子材料涉及化学、材料、生物、医学以及物理等诸多学科领域, 其使用又与生理系统相接触, 因此该材料的研究与开发具有相当的难度和挑战.     

初中化学“铁元素专题复习”的项目式教学——探索蒸汽眼罩的奥秘

转变初中化学复习课的教学方式,以真实情境为载体,确定“探索蒸汽眼罩的奥秘”为项目主题,引导初中学生深入开展铁元素的专题复习。详细阐述了教师对该部分内容教学的课前分析,如何确立、规划和实施项目。学生通过完成“设计实验方案证明铁的存在”“探究活性炭和氯化钠对铁生锈的影响”等2个任务,提升了学科兴趣,对铁的性质进行了系统性再造。通过手持技术监测氧浓度和温度变化探究眼罩成分的作用,学生的科学探究能力从定性过渡到定量,实现了科学探究素养的深化与进阶;通过观看科普视频了解前沿科学,拓宽了学生的生涯认知,涵养了科学精神。     

磁性铁氧化物纳米粒子制备及其体内应用研究

磁性铁氧化物纳米粒子由于其生物相容性和低毒性而广泛的应用于生物医学领域。本文总结了近年来制备各种磁性铁氧化物纳米粒子的方法,比较了它们在粒径、结晶度以及制备条件等方面的优缺点,概括了对其进行表面修饰改性材料的种类,阐述近年来磁性铁氧化物纳米粒子在体内应用中药物运输、磁共振成像、磁热疗方面的进展,并指出当前应用中的主要方向和亟待解决的问题。     

Di­methyl­phenyl­sulfonium tri­fluoro­methane­sulfonate and methyl­di­phenyl­sulfonium tri­fluoro­methane­sulfonate

The bonding geometry of sulfur in the cations of the title compounds, C₈H₁₁S⁺·CF₃SO₃^? and C₁₃H₁₃S⁺·CF₃SO₃^?, respectively, is similar and is independent of the ratio of the Me/Ph substituents. As expected, in both cations, the S—Ph bonds are somewhat shorter than the S—Me bonds. In both crystal structures, the interaction between cations and anions is similar.     

Methyl­tri­phenyl­stibonium tetra­fluoro­borate

In the title compound, [Sb(CH₃)(C₆H₅)₃]BF₄, there are four independent cations and anions in the asymmetric unit. The geometry around the Sb atom is distorted tetrahedral, with Sb—C distances in the range 2.077 (4)–2.099 (10) Å and angles at the Sb atom in the range 103.3 (3)–119.0 (4)°.     

2,4,6‐Tri­chloro­phenyl­iso­nitrile and 2,4,6‐tri­chloro­benzo­nitrile

The molecular structures of the title compounds, 2,4,6‐tri­chloro­phenyl­iso­nitrile (IUPAC name: 2,4,6‐tri­chloro­phenyl isocyanide), C₇H₂Cl₃N, and 2,4,6‐tri­chloro­benzo­nitrile, C₇H₂Cl₃N, are normal. The two structures are not isomorphous, but do contain similar two‐dimensional layers in which pairs of mol­ecules are held together by pairs of Cl?CN [3.245 (3) Å] or Cl?NC [3.153 (2) Å] interactions. The two‐dimensional isomorphism is lost through different layer‐stacking modes.     

{[(N‐Methyl‐p‐toluidino)­di­phenyl­phospho­ranyl­idene]­methyl}(N‐methyl‐p‐toluidino)­di­phenyl­phospho­nium iodide

The cationic part of the homodifunctional amino­phospho­ranyl ligand, C₄₁H₄₁N₂P₂⁺·I^?, shows interesting features associated with the N—P—C—P—N skeleton. The P—C(H) bond distances [1.696 (3) and 1.697 (3) Å] possess partial double‐bond characteristics. The nature of the P—C(H) and P—N bonds suggests that the positive charge is only distributed around the P—C—P atoms. The structure has near twofold symmetry through the central methyl­ide‐C atom.     

Ethyl­tri­phenyl­phospho­nium perrhenate and (iodo­methyl)­tri­phenyl­phospho­nium perrhenate

Ethyl­tri­phenyl­phospho­nium perrhenate, (C₂₀H₂₀P)[ReO₄], and (iodo­methyl)­tri­phenyl­phospho­nium perrhenate, (C₁₉H₁₇IP)[ReO₄], have been crystallized from 2‐propanol. Both crystal structures consist of phospho­nium cations and perrhenate anions. The cations show the typical propeller‐like geometry. In both crystals, the positions of the nearly tetrahedral anions are stabilized by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and for the latter compound, I⋯π interactions also occur.     

2,4‐Di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazones of 2,4‐di­hydroxy­benz­aldehyde, 2,4‐di­hydroxy­aceto­phenone and 2,4‐di­hydroxy­benzo­phenone

In 2,4‐di­hydroxy­benz­aldehyde 2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazone N,N‐di­methyl­form­amide solvate {or 4‐[(2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl)­hydrazono­methyl]­benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐di­methyl­form­amide solvate}, C₁₃H₁₀N₄O₆·C₃H₇NO, (X), 2,4‐di­hydroxy­aceto­phenone 2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazone N,N‐di­methyl­form­am­ide solvate (or 4‐{1‐[(2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl)hydrazono]ethyl}benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐di­methyl­form­amide solvate), C₁₄H₁₂N₄O₆·C₃H₇NO, (XI), and 2,4‐di­hydroxy­benzo­phenone 2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazone N,N‐di­methyl­acet­amide solvate (or 4‐­{[(2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl)hydrazono]phenyl­methyl}benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐di­methyl­acet­amide solvate), C₁₉H₁₄N₄O₆·C₄H₉NO, (XII), the molecules all lack a center of symmetry, crystallize in centrosymmetric space groups and have been observed to exhibit non‐linear optical activity. In each case, the hydrazone skeleton is fairly planar, facilitated by the presence of two intramolecular hydrogen bonds and some partial N—N double‐bond character. Each molecule is hydrogen bonded to one solvent mol­ecule.     

Bis(μ‐hexa­methyl­enetetr­amine)­bis(aqua­di­bromo­cadmium)­di­aqua­di­bromo­cadmium dihydrate

The title compound, poly­[[di­aqua­di­bromo­cadmium‐μ‐(1,3,5,7‐tetra­aza­tri­cyclo[3.3.1.1^3,7]decane‐N¹:N⁵)‐aqua­cad­mium‐di‐μ‐bromo‐aqua­cadmium‐μ‐(1,3,5,7‐tetra­aza­tri­cyclo[3.3.1.1^3,7]decane‐N¹:N⁵)‐di‐μ‐bromo] dihydrate], [Cd₃­Br₆­(C₆­H₁₂­N₄)₂­(H₂O)₄]·­2H₂O, is made up of two‐dimensional neutral rectangular coordination layers. Each rectangular subunit is enclosed by a pair of Cd₃(μ₂‐Br)₆(H₂O)₃ fragments and a pair of (μ₂‐hmt)Cd(H₂O)₂Br₂(μ₂‐hmt) fragments as sides (hmt is hexa­methyl­enetetr­amine). The unique Cd^II atom in the Cd₂Br₂ ring in the Cd₃(μ₂‐Br)₆(H₂O)₃ fragment is in a slightly distorted octahedral CdNOBr₄ geometry, surrounded by one hmt ligand [2.433 (5) Å], one aqua ligand [2.273 (4) Å] and four Br atoms [2.6409 (11)–3.0270 (14) Å]. The Cd^II atom in the (μ₂‐hmt)Cd(H₂O)₂Br₂(μ₂‐hmt) fragment lies on an inversion center and is in a highly distorted octahedral CdN₂O₂Br₂ geometry, surrounded by two trans‐related N atoms of two hmt ligands [2.479 (5) Å], two trans‐related aqua ligands [2.294 (4) Å] and two trans‐related Br atoms [2.6755 (12) Å]. Adjacent two‐dimensional coordination sheets are connected into a three‐dimensional network by hydrogen bonds involving lattice water mol­ecules, and the aqua, bromo and hmt ligands belonging to different layers.     

Specific heat on Sr<Subscript>2</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>7</Subscript> and Sr<Subscript>2</Subscript>Ta<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>7</Subscript>

Summary Specific heats on the single crystals of Sr₂Nb₂O₇, Sr₂Ta₂O₇ and (Sr_1-xBa_x)₂Nb₂O₇ were measured in a wide temperature range of 2-600 K. Heat anomalies of a λ-type were observed at the incommensurate phase transition of T_INC (=495 K) on Sr₂Nb₂O₇ and at the super-lattice phase transition of T_SL (=443 K) on Sr₂Ta₂O₇; the transition enthalpies and the transition entropies were estimated. Furthermore, a small heat anomaly was observed at the low temperature ferroelectric phase transition of T_LOW (=95 K) on Sr₂Nb₂O₇. The transition temperature T_LOW decreases with increasing Ba content x and it vanishes for samples of x>2%.     

LiF-LiCl-LiVO<Subscript>3</Subscript>-Li<Subscript>2</Subscript>SO<Subscript>4</Subscript>-Li<Subscript>2</Subscript>MoO<Subscript>4</Subscript> system

Phase equilibria in the LiF-LiCl-LiVO₃-Li₂SO₄-Li₂MoO₄ system have been studied by differential thermal analysis. The eutectic composition has been determined as follows (mol %): LiF, 17.4; LiCl, 42.0; LiVO₃, 17.4; Li₂SO₄, 11.6; and Li₂MoO₄, 11.6, with the melting temperature equal to 363°C and the enthalpy of melting equal to (284 ± 7) kJ/kg.