液晶显示材料

介绍了液晶的结构类型,液晶分子的光电效应,实现液晶显示的偏振片透光原理,包括扭曲向列型（TN）、超扭曲向列型（STN）、薄膜晶体管型（TFT）液晶显示的异同,可用于液晶显示的有机材料,以及液晶显示材料的产业现状及发展趋势。     

TN液晶稀释剂4－（4＇－正丙基环己基）苯甲（乙）醚的合成

ＴＮ液晶稀释剂４－（４＇－正丙基环己基）苯甲（乙）醚的合成马汝建，程旻，荣国斌（华东理工大学化学系上海２００２３７）关键词　ＴＮ液晶，稀释剂，合成扭曲向列（ＴＮ）型液晶材料的粘度越低，响应速度越快［１］．为降低液晶材料的粘度，改善其性能，常在ＴＮ液晶...     

取代环己硅烷类(苯基乙烷和联苯基乙烷系列)液晶化合物分子的基本性质的量子化学研究

取代环己硅烷类液晶化合物是以专利形式报道的一类新型液晶材料.它们具有能降低液晶的粘度和双折射率,使液晶显示器件的响应速度增快,视角变宽等优良性能,可满足在低温下正常工作的要求,具有良好的应用前景[1].关于该类化合物的分子结构和基本性质的实验和理论研究的报道并不多见.因此,开发优良的分子轨道计算方法研究液晶化合物的结构和性质的关系已成为理论化学家们关注的课题,其中,AM1[2]法和PM3[3]法是目前被较多地用于这类研究的半经验分子轨道近似计算方法.     

偶氮聚合物表面起伏光栅用于液晶定向研究

液晶显示具有低功耗、高画质、轻巧等优点，广泛应用于各种平板显示装置．使液晶分子能在显示器中均匀的定向排列是液晶显示的关键技术之一．液晶定向技术的主要方法有摩擦法、SiOx等氧化物或Au、Pt等金属蒸镀法、紫外偏振光(或激光)辐照法等．所谓摩擦法，即通过将基片在均匀移动的丝绒布表面摩擦来实现的．一般认为摩擦法是通过摩擦在基板表面形成的微沟槽来诱导     

非传统型液晶分子设计与工程研究进展

从液晶基元连接方式、液晶分子拓扑结构以及凝聚态自组织方式等方面扼要介绍和评述了非传统型液晶分子设计与工程研究进展,并重点介绍了可望引起液晶显示技术革命的双轴向列相香蕉形液晶研究的突破性工作,展望了非传统型液晶分子设计和复杂自组织超分子液晶领域今后的发展方向。     

4(4''''-辛氧基-4”-联苯羧酸基)苯磺酸酯类的合成

随着发现和发明液晶显示的各种原理和显示方式,促进显示用优良的液晶材料的开发,反过来新型液晶材料又促进了新型显示器开发.DOBAMBC(p-癸氧基亚苄基-p'-氨基-2-甲基丁基肉桂酸酯)[1]第一支铁电液晶(FLC)以及MHPOBC((R)-4-(1-甲基庚基氧羰基)苯-4'-烷氧基联苯)-4-羧酸盐[2]第一支反铁电液晶(AFLC)极大地推动了液晶材料的合成及液晶显示器件的开发.以S原子代替C、O原子的液晶,如硫酯、砜基、亚砜基、亚磺酸基等,不断有报道.我们设计了一种新型的含磺酸酯基团的液晶分子,4(4'-辛氧基-4”-联苯羧酸基)苯磺酸酯类,并已成功地合成其中五种新的化合物,测试了液晶性能.国内外文献上未见报道.合成路线如下:     

《液晶高分子材料》专辑序言——老学科的新活力

正19世纪80年代后期,奥地利植物学家Reinitzer和德国物理学家Lehmann共同发现了液晶,创立了液晶科学。20世纪70年代,液晶显示技术实现了革命性突破,风靡全球。液晶高分子的研究始于1937年的生物高分子液晶,随即受到广泛关注,尤其是杜邦公司基于溶致液晶芳香族聚酰胺的液晶纺丝技术在1972年推出的Kevlar系列高性能纤维产品,极大地推动了液晶高分子的飞速发展。近几十年来,基于热致液晶芳香族聚酯的高性能工程塑料如雨后春笋般不断涌现,高性能液晶高分子结构材料也成为全球研究热点。同时,侧链高分子液晶、聚合物分散液晶、聚合物稳定液晶、全息聚合物分散液晶以及新型结构的高分子液晶、超分子液晶在显示、传感、防伪、数据存储和电子封装等领域的应用也成为高性能液晶高分子功能材料的研究亮点。其中让我们倍感骄傲的是,我国科学家周其凤院士于1987年设计、合成了甲壳型液晶高分子,为液晶高分子科学与材料的发展做出了原创性贡献。当前,液晶材料的高分子化、高分子材料的液晶化已成为化学、材料、光学工程和信息工程等相关学科的重要研究方向,尤其近期在光存储、5G通讯领域中的应用备受关注。     

多酸超分子化合物的合成及液晶性质

多酸是一类含有氧桥的无机多孩配合物,已有百余年的研究历史,现已在异构体化学、杂多蓝化学、高聚合度杂多阴离子的合成化学、多酸型层往超分子化合物、非线性光学功能特性、药物化学、催化、质子导电功能特性和磁特性等领域有了长足进展［“．由于杂多酸的高分子量及独特结构,研究者对杂多酸的研究兴趣不断增长．我们在有机液晶分子理论的指导下,首次发现了杂多酸超分子化合物溶于适当有机溶剂中可表现出近晶相液晶行为,对开发新型高性能材料和探索液晶态在生命过程中的作用将有重大意义［’j．1仪器与试剂PE－2400元素分析仪;美国…     

催化加氢制备4-烷基环己烷乙酸

液晶作为显示材料 ,必须具备化学和光化学稳定性 ,合适的介电各向异性 ,较低的光学各向异性和粘度等特性。其中降低粘度和提高响应灵敏度 ,一直是Twistnematic(TN)类液晶发展的重要方向[1 ] 。人们发现一些带有非极性多环并含有—CH2 CH2 —中心桥键的化合物具备这些优点 ,而 4 烷基环己烷乙酸(p alkyl cyclohexylaceticacidp ACHA)则是该类液晶合成的关键中间体。用官能团转化法制备p ACHA路线较长 ,总收率低 ( 1 0 % ) [2 ] 。所用原料 4 烷基苯乙酸 (p alkyl phenylaceticacids)的合成主要有苯乙酸乙酯的酰化还原法[3] 、4 烷基苄…     

一种全芳香热致液晶聚芳醚酮

聚芳醚酮由于熔融粘度大和加工温度高而影响了其进一步工业化，因此降低熔融粘度和加工温度是研究聚芳醚酮的新课题[1]．目前在工程塑料中热致液晶高分子是一种具有低熔融粘度而性能优异的材料，其熔融粘度比一般高分子材料低得多，并且具有优异的机械性能[2]本文采用无现...     

乙烷类三环体系液晶的合成及其相变规律的研究

以反式-4-烷基环己烷甲酸为原料,合成了两个系列共14种乙烷类三环体系液晶。利用NMR、IR、DSC等确定了化合物的结构及相变温度,讨论了化合物的结构对相变温度的影响。     

New designer drug N-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-3-ethoxypropanamine (PCEPA): studies on its metabolism and toxicological detection in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques

Studies are described on the metabolism and toxicological detection of the phencyclidine-derived designer drug N-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)-3-ethoxypropanamine (PCEPA) in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric techniques. The identified metabolites indicated that PCEPA was metabolized by N-dealkylation, O-deethylation partially followed by oxidation of the resulting alcohol to the corresponding carboxylic acid, hydroxylation of the cyclohexyl ring at different positions of PCEPA, N-dealkyl PCEPA, O-deethyl PCEPA, and of the corresponding carboxylic acids. Finally, aromatic hydroxylation of PCEPA, the corresponding carboxylic acids, and O-deethyl PCEPA, the latter partially followed by oxidation to the corresponding carboxylic acid and hydroxylation of the cyclohexyl ring could be observed. All metabolites were partially excreted in the conjugated form. The authors' systematic toxicological analysis (STA) procedure using full-scan GC/MS after acid hydrolysis, liquid-liquid extraction, and microwave-assisted acetylation allowed the detection in rat urine of an intake of a common drug users' dose of PCEPA. Assuming a similar metabolism in humans, the STA in human urine should be suitable as proof of intake of PCEPA.     

Rod-like Schiff Base Magnetic Liquid Crystals Bearing Organic Radical

4 novel rod-like Schiff base magnetic liquid crystals have been prepared in which trans-bicyclohexyl or trans-cyclohexyl phenyl and biphenyl carboxylic acid phenol ester mesogenic cores with n-propyl and n-pentyl subsfituents were terminated by 4-amino-TEMPO （TEMPO=2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl）. Of these compounds the silk-like and schlieren textures were found from 4e and 4d by POM （Polarizing Optical Microscope）. DSC （Differential Scanning Calorimeter） measurements show that the mesophase exists from 4-6℃. EPR spectra reveal their paramagnetic properties.     

环己基甲酮类化合物的仿生合成新方法

以2位环己基取代苯并咪唑盐作为甲酸氧化态的四氢叶酸辅酶模型, 与亲核Grignard试剂作用, 将甲酸氧化态的一碳单元转移给亲核试剂, 成功地实现了6类具有潜在应用价值的环己基甲酮的绿色仿生合成, 其结构用元素分析、1H NMR、IR和MS等方法进行了表征, 并对反应机理和反应条件进行了讨论.     

A Highly Convergent Synthesis of 2‐Phenyl Quinoline as Dual Antagonists for NK2 and NK3 Receptors

A novel and highly convergent synthesis leading to 2‐phenyl‐quinolines has been developed. As demonstrated in the preparation of 6‐fluoro‐3‐(3‐oxo‐piperazin‐1‐ylmethyl)‐2‐phenyl‐quinoline‐4‐carboxylic acid [(S)‐1‐cyclohexyl‐ethyl]‐amide (8), the method provides fascile access to this class of analogues via the common intermediate 7.     

有机锡2-[(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基硫代]苯甲酸酯的合成与生物活性

通过硫代水杨酸与(1-氯甲基)-1,2,4-三唑盐酸盐在碱性条件下的反应, 合成了2-[(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基硫代]苯甲酸. 利用该酸与(R₃Sn)₂O(R=Et, n-Bu, Ph), Cy₃SnOH(Cy为环己基)或Et₂SnO反应, 得到了5个有机锡羧酸酯. 用X射线单晶衍射测定了三正丁基锡2-[(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)甲基硫代]苯甲酸酯的晶体结构. 在该化合物中, 锡为五配位的三角双锥结构. 该化合物通过三唑四位氮原子与锡配位, 形成一维链状配位高分子. 初步的生物活性测试结果表明, 所有的有机锡化合物都表现出了明显的抗真菌活性.     

Influence of trans-cis photoisomerizations of solubilized compounds on transition temperatures in the system cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-water: Light-induced phase transitions

Transition temperatures (TN1) from the nematic lyotropic liquid-crystalline phase to the isotropic phase were measured for the system cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) water in the presence of small amounts of 3-stilbene carboxylic acid (3SC), 4-stilbene carboxylic acid (4SC) and Δ2/2'-bi-(2H-l,4-benzothiazine) (BT). TNI, increases as a function of trans-3SC or trans-4SC concentration, ranging from 01 to 08 wt %, by up to 12°C. A further increase in TNI between 2 and 5°C can be achieved by photochemically converting the solubilized trans stilbene derivatives to the cis isomers. Irradiation of a trans-3SC containing sample at a temperature just above TNl leads to a light-induced phase transition to the lyotropic liquid-crystalline phase. Solubilization of trans-BT causes a slight decrease of TNI while photoisomerization to cis-BT increases T_NI by 1°C.     

Practical synthesis of a neuropeptide Y antagonist via stereoselective addition to a ketene

[Reaction: see text]. The synthesis of neuropeptide Y antagonist 1, currently under clinical investigation for the treatment of obesity, is described. The convergent synthesis from trans-spirolactone carboxylic acid intermediate 2a and aminopyrazole 3 is predicated on a stereoselective route to the former. The coupling reaction of ethyl 4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate (10a) with lithiated isonicotinamide 11 was investigated in detail, but even optimized conditions only provided a 45:55 ratio of trans:cis isomers (12a:12b). While selective crystallization schemes were developed to isolate the thermodynamically less stable trans isomer 2a, improved stereocontrol was subsequentially achieved by the application of ketene chemistry. The ketene formation and quench was investigated under a variety of conditions aimed at maximizing the trans:cis ratio. Reacting a mixture of carboxylic acids 2a and 2b with POCl3 in THF, followed by concomitant addition of tert-butyl alcohol in the presence of TMEDA at 35 degrees C provided a 4:1 ratio of trans:cis tert-butyl esters (18a:18b) via in situ ketene formation. Ester hydrolysis, followed by selective crystallization of undesired 2b as the HCl salt, led to isolation of 2a in 47% overall yield. Aminopyrazole intermediate 3 was synthesized via the condensation reaction of 2-fluorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (4a) with acrylonitrile derivative 5 in 65-70% yield. Coupling of advanced intermediates 2a and 3b via activation with thionyl chloride gave a 92% yield of 1.     

Fluoromethylated and hydroxymethylated derivatives of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist 1-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine.

Derivatives with fluoromethyl and hydroxymethyl groups on the cyclohexyl ring of 1-[1-(2-thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperidine (TCP), a noncompetitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, were tested in a radioligand binding assay to evaluate their ability to inhibit [3H]TCP binding by rat brain homogenates. The potencies of these compounds as antagonists of NMDA and L-glutamate responses were also compared using a rat cortical slice preparation. One of the analogs, cis-2-hydroxymethyl-r-1-(N-piperidyl)-1-(2-thienyl) cyclohexane (5) was found to show a high affinity (IC50 = 16 nM) for the phencyclidine (PCP) binding sites, very close to that of TCP, and to be 38-fold more potent in binding than its trans isomer. Fluoromethyl and hydroxymethyl substitutions at C4 position of the cyclohexyl ring of TCP clearly reduced the affinity by at least one order of magnitude relative to TCP.     

Low-Temperature Polyesterification of 3-Hydroxy-2-Phenylpropionic Acid

Abstract

The synthesis of poly(3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropionic acid), prepared from tropic acid and 1,3-dialkylcarbodiimide (cyclohexyl or isopropyl) with p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) and/or dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as catalysts, has been investigated. Molecular weight and yield have been found to vary inversely with temperature and solvent polarity. Dialkylcarbodiimide activation of the carboxylic acid is enhanced when PTSA and DMAP are used in equal concentrations. Highest molecular weights and yields were achieved at ? 20°C with 50% (mol% of monomer) DMAP and PTSA in a cyclohexane/THF solvent system.