钴(Ⅱ)-甲基百里香酚蓝络合剂-亚硝酸根络合吸附波的研究及应用

在pH 8.5、0.04 mol/L NH3*H2O-NH4Cl缓冲溶液中,钴-甲基百里香酚蓝络合剂(MTB)在NaNO2存在下,于-1.23 V(vs.SCE)产生一尖锐、灵敏的二次导数极谱波,峰电流与钴(Ⅱ)浓度在5.0×10-8～2.0×10-6 mol/L范围内呈线性关系;检出限为1.0×10-8 mol/L.研究了该波的性质及电极反应机理,证明该波为络合吸附波.峰电流由中心离子钴(Ⅱ)还原产生.络合物在汞电极上的饱和吸附量为5.18×10-9 mol/cm2,符合Frumkin等温式.测得吸附系数β=6.86×105,自由能ΔGθ=33.30 kJ/mol;电子转移数n=2.不可逆吸附的转移系数α=0.58,反应速率常数ks=2.26/s.方法用于VB12和模拟样中痕量钴的测定,结果满意.     

Keggin型磷钨酸/2-氨基吡啶聚合膜修饰电极的电化学性质及对维生素B2的电催化

制备了Keggin型磷钨酸/2-氨基吡啶电聚合复合膜修饰电极,研究了该复合膜修饰电极的电化学性质。结果表明,在BR缓冲溶液中,该复合膜修饰电极显示出3对氧化还原峰,对应于表面电沉积的磷钨酸的电化学作用,其电化学行为受表面吸附控制。该电极对维生素B2（VB2）具有良好的电催化作用,根据VB2的电化学行为,推断出了可能的电极反应机理,计算出VB2在该电极上的电荷转移系数为0.357,电荷转移速率常数为0.042 s-1,推断其在该电极上的行为为准可逆过程。在2.4×10-6~1.0×10-4 mol/L和1.0×10-4~5.5×10-4 mol/L 范围内峰电流与VB2浓度呈良好的线性关系,其检出限为1.4×10-6 mol/L。该电极显示出良好的稳定性和重现性,用于复合维生素药片中VB2含量的测定,结果满意。     

L-半胱氨酸自组装膜电极对米吐尔的电催化及其分析应用

研究了米吐尔在L 半胱氨酸自组装膜修饰金电极上的电化学行为。米吐尔在该修饰电极上的CV曲线仅出现一对峰 ,其峰形对称 ,ΔEp =42mV ,氧化还原峰电流之比约等于 1,为可逆反应 ;扩散系数D =2 .2 4× 10 - 6 cm2 ·s- 1 。初步探讨了电催化机理。差分脉冲伏安法测定其氧化峰电流与米吐尔浓度在 5 .0× 10 - 7～ 2 .0× 10 - 5mol/L和 5 .0× 10 - 5～ 1.0× 10 - 3 mol/L范围内分段呈线性关系 ;相关系数分别为 0 .9987和 0 .9972 ;检测限 1.0× 10 - 8mol/L     

碳糊电极吸附溶出伏安法测定游离钙

基于Ca(Ⅱ)-茜素红S(ARS)络合物在碳糊电极上的还原波,建立了吸附溶出伏安测定游离钙的新方法。在1.5×10-2mol/LKOH-2.0×10-5mol/LARS介质中,Ca(Ⅱ)-ARS络合物在碳糊电极上于-0.89V处产生一吸附还原波。当富集电位为.0.1V,富集时间90s,扫描速度为100mV/s时,该络合物单扫描阴极溶出峰的二阶导数峰电流与游离钙离子浓度在3.0×10-8~2.0×10-6mol/L范围内呈线性关系;检出限为9.4×10-9mol/L。在0.2mol/LHCl中清洗2min,该电极重现性良好。该方法可用于血清、牛奶和自来水中游离钙的测定。     

尼莫地平的吸附伏安行为

在NH_3-NH_4Cl底液中,尼莫地平(nimodipine,NMD)在汞电极上有一线性扫描还原峰,峰电位E_(pc)=-0.62V(vs.Ag/AgCl).该峰具有明显的吸附性,吸附粒子为NMD中性分子.测得NMD在汞电极上的饱和吸附量为1.49 ×10~(-10)mol/cm~2,每个NMD分子所占电极面积为1.11nm~2,NMD在悬汞电极上的吸附符合Frumkin等温式.测得吸附系数β=4.32×10~5,吸附因素γ=0.46;吸附自由能△G°=-32.14kJ/mol;电子转移数n=4;不可逆吸附的动力学参数αn_α为1.10.探讨了NMD在汞电极上的还原机理,并建立了吸附溶出伏安法测定NMD的最佳条件,检测限为1.0×10~(-9)mol/L.     

碳纳米管修饰电极对多巴胺和肾上腺素的电分离及同时测定

研究了多巴胺 (DA)和肾上腺素 (EP)在多壁碳纳米管 (MWNT)修饰电极上的电化学性质 ,发现该修饰电极对神经递质DA和EP有显著的增敏和电分离作用。还原峰电位差达ΔEp=390mV ,可同时测定DA和EP。DA和EP的还原峰电流与其浓度分别在 2 .0× 10 -6～ 1.0× 10 -3 mol/L和 1.0× 10 -6～ 1.0× 10 -3 mol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系 ;方法的检出限分别为 1× 10 -6mol/L和 5× 10 -7mol/L。由于抗坏血酸 (AA)在MWNT修饰电极上的氧化是不可逆的 ,因此利用还原峰进行测定 ,消除了AA对DA和EP的干扰     

氟苯尼考的极谱法研究

应用循环伏安法、线性扫描伏安法和控制电位电解库仑法对氟苯尼考的电化学行为进行了研究。在0 .2mol/LNaOH NaH2 PO4(pH =7.6 )缓冲液中 ,对其进行扫描 ,发现于 - 0 .886V (vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的还原峰 ,其峰电流与氟苯尼考的浓度在 1.0× 10 -5～ 7.0× 10 -4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系 (r =0 .9994 ) ;检出限为 1.0× 10 -6mol/L。对 1.0× 10 -4mol/L氟苯尼考溶液进行 10次平行实验 ,RSD为 0 .3%。实验结果表明 :氟苯尼考在极谱电极上有吸附性质 ;求得了电极反应的电子转移数为 2 ;研究了电极反应机理     

西维来司他的极谱伏安法研究

应用循环伏安法(CV)、线性扫描伏安法(LSV)、控制电位电解库仑法(BE)对西维来司他的电化学行为进行了研究。在0.2mol/LHAc-NaAc(pH=5.6)缓冲液中,对其进行扫描,发现于-1.29V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的还原峰,其峰电流与西维来司他的浓度在1×10-5~2×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9976);检出限为2.0×10-6mol/L。对5.0×10-5mol/L西维来司他溶液进行12次平行实验,RSD为0·56%。实验结果表明,西维来司他在极谱电极上有吸附性质,并为此求得了电极反应的电子转移数为4,同时对电极反应机理进行了研究。     

配位吸附波同时测定PbA和InA

在 0 .0 5mol/L氯乙酸 氯乙酸钠 (pH 3.0 )介质中 ,Pb2 + 、In3 + 与二溴邻苯二胺双草酰胺酸酯 (DBAC)生成络合物 ,并吸附于电极表面 ,分别于 - 0 .5 0V、- 0 .6 3V(vs .SCE)得到络合物吸附还原波。其二阶导数峰电流与Pb2 + 、In3 + 浓度分别在 2 .5× 10 -8～ 6 .0× 10 -6mol/L、7.5× 10 -8～ 3.4× 10 -6mol/L内呈良好的线性关系 ;检出限分别为 1.5× 10 -8mol/LPb2 + 和 4 .5× 10 -8mol/LIn3 + 。应用于陶瓷颜料、矿石中微量Pb、In的测定 ,结果满意。     

聚L-谷氨酸/石墨充蜡修饰电极测定多巴胺

用充蜡石墨电极 (WGE)在L 谷氨酸 (GA)无水乙醇溶液中恒电位于 1.6V(vs.SCE)氧化制备了一种聚GA修饰电极 (GA/WGE) ,该电极可用于肾上腺素 (EP)和抗坏血酸 (AA)共存下对多巴胺 (DA)的测定。该电极的灵敏度和选择性主要取决于阳极极化电位与极化时间、富集电位和溶液的pH。DA在该电极上呈现一对循环伏安峰 ,Em=0 .14 5V ,为 1电子 / 1质子的准可逆氧化还原过程。AA和EP也能够在电极上富集和催化氧化 ,伏安峰分别在 0 .30V和 0 .17V。当AA浓度小于 0 .1mmol/L时 ,电极对AA基本不响应 ,可以用DA的氧化峰电流做定量分析。线性范围为 2 .0× 10 -4～ 5 .0× 10 -7mol/L ;检出限为 2 .5× 10 -7mol/L。当AA的浓度较大或在AA、EP共存下 ,可利用DA氧化的再还原峰电流做定量分析。线性范围为 1.0× 10 -4～ 2 .5× 10 -6mol/L ;检出限为 7.5× 10 -7mol/L。该电极制作简便 ,重现性良好 ,定量结果也令人满意     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.