氨乙基氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷改性水性聚酯型聚氨酯的研究

由聚酯二元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和二羟甲基丙酸合成聚氨酯预聚体，以氨乙基氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧(AEAPS)为扩链剂，制备了AEAPS改性聚氨酯水分散液。与未改性的聚氨酯水分散液相比，AEAPS改性聚氨酯水分散液的粒径增大，但粒径分布和表面张力基本不变，说明疏水的聚二甲基硅氧烷侧链被包裹于分散颗粒的内部；此外，改性聚氨酯水分散液的冻融稳定性显著增强。AEAPS改性聚氨酯水分散液成膜后，吸水率明显下降，水在膜表面的接触角增加，400℃时热失重下降，具有良好的疏水性和耐热性。     

氨乙基氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷改性聚氨酯的研究

在无溶剂条件下合成了一系列氨基硅油改性聚氨酯,并对材料的力学性能、耐热性、疏水性及微观形态进行了研究。结果表明：改性后的聚氨酯具有更优良的力学性能、耐热性及表面疏水性,且材料呈微观相分离形态。     

氨基硅油改性聚醚型聚氨酯

以甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚氧化丙烯二醇、氨乙基氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷为原料在无溶剂条件下合成了有机硅改性聚氨酯预聚体 ,用红外光谱对其进行了表征。以 3,3′ 二氯 4 ,4′ 二氨基 二苯基甲烷复合固化剂固化得氨基硅油改性聚氨酯材料 ,对材料的力学性能、耐热性、表面水接触角测试等表明 ,改性聚氨酯在ω(氨基硅油 ) =3%～ 15 %时 ,有较明显的改性效果 ,且在ω(氨基硅油 ) =10 %时 ,具有最佳综合性能 ,其拉伸强度和伸长率较未改性的分别提高 31%和 5 2 % ,表面水接触角提高了 2 3° ,耐热性也有所提高     

高性能水性聚氨酯研究进展

综述了近几年水性聚氨酯高性能化研究进展,从多元醇分子设计、硅氧烷改性、纳米复合、可再生资源利用、交联固化等方面进行了综述.电子包装材料利用磺化多元醇提高涂膜断裂伸长率并降低表面电阻为10×1010Ω/cm2,粘合剂应用引入聚二丁烯多元醇提高涂膜耐水性和粘接强度;织物整理引入氟化聚醚多元醇提升棉织物耐水性,表面接触角达到147°;采用特殊二元醇合成新型聚酯多醇改进涂膜耐水性的同时获得高模量和拉伸强度;含羧基聚己内酯二醇可降低水性聚氨酯乳液粒径到20nm以下;采用端羟基聚二甲基硅氧烷降低涂膜吸水率和表面能,使成膜接触角迅速增加;将碳纳米管、蒙脱土、绿坡缕石和多面体倍半硅氧烷等经有机化改性进行纳米原位复合,提升材料力学性能;利用可再生资源进行物理共混提升力学性能同时达到可降解目的;成膜过程引入环氧改性和交联改性,提高涂膜硬度、耐溶剂性和耐水性.     

有机硅改性聚氨酯的合成与性能

在无溶剂条件下利用二步法合成了一系列氨基硅油改性聚氨酯,采用红外光谱对预聚体进行了表征,同时测试了材料的力学性能、耐热性、表面水接触角及微观形态,结果表明,改性后的聚氨酯具有优良的力学性能、耐热性及表面疏水性,且材料呈微观相分离形态。     

单组分聚氨酯清漆的制备与性能研究

不同的聚碳酸酯二元醇、聚四亚甲基醚二醇(PTMG)与二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、小分子二元醇反应,制得聚醚、聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯清漆。通过红外光谱分析结合其机械力学性能、耐水性等的测试结果,探讨聚碳酸酯型聚氨酯清漆的结构对形态和性能的影响。结果表明：随着硬段含量的增加,树脂涂膜的微相分离程度增加,机械性能提高;组分摩尔比例相同时,软段分子量的降低有利于提高树脂的软硬段相容性,增加树脂涂膜的物理机械性能;组分摩尔比例相同时聚酯型聚氨酯树脂的微相分离程度低于聚醚型聚氨酯树脂;MDI基溶剂型聚氨酯树脂的物理机械性能较好。     

高醚化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂交联水性聚氨酯的制备与表征

合成了高醚化三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(HMMM)交联改性含聚乙二醇单甲醚(Ymer N120)亲水基团的阴离子型水性聚氨酯。 通过全反射红外(ATR-FTIR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、电子拉力机等技术手段表征了改性后的水性聚氨酯胶膜结构、热性能和力学性能。 结果表明,随着HMMM质量分数的增加,聚氨酯胶膜中氢键相互作用减弱,胶膜耐热性、耐水性、拉伸强度、粘接性均有所提高;当HMMM为8%时,聚氨酯胶膜的拉伸强度增加了125%,T-型剥离强度增加了7.4 N/cm,硬段最大热分解速率对应温度增加了38 ℃。 此外,交联水性聚氨酯胶膜的耐水性也得到了很大程度的提高。     

酮肼交联及硅烷偶联水性聚氨酯的成膜机理及其性能研究

用二乙醇胺(DEA)和双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)按Michael加成反应机理合成了一种新的聚氨酯扩链剂DDP(N-[(1,1-二甲基-2-乙酰基)乙基]-β-二羟乙氨基丙酰胺).以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG1000)、二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)等为主要原料,在用γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH550)封端改性聚氨酯的基础上,采用自制含酮羰基二元醇N-[(1,1-二甲基-2-乙酰基)乙基]-β-二羟乙氨基丙酰胺(DDP)和1,4-丁二醇(BDO)作为扩链剂,制备了侧链含酮羰基的聚氨酯乳液.通过外加己二酸二酰肼(ADH),制得室温自交联乳液.利用衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)和核磁共振波谱(NMR)对扩链剂(DDP)和涂膜结构进行表征,ATR-FTIR和NMR测试证实了DDP的生成并参与反应合成了聚氨酯及乳液成膜时酮肼交联反应的发生.研究了n(—NHNH2)/n(—CO—)、n(NCO)/n(OH)、DDP含量对聚氨酯涂膜性能的影响.结果表明,在己二酸二酰肼(ADH)的用量为0时,涂膜的吸水率随DDP含量的增加而增大;n(NCO)/n(OH)1.40时,聚氨酯难以乳化并且乳液稳定性变差;在最佳配比n(—NHNH2)/n(—CO—)=1,n(NCO)/n(OH)=1.40的条件下,DDP%从0增大到7.22%时,涂膜的吸水率从39.36%降低到18.92%同时表现出很好的耐溶剂性能,交联度从51.49%上升至90.23%,拉伸强度从20.09MPa增大到28.26MPa,硬度达2H.热失重分析(TGA)表明酮肼交联结构的引入提高了涂膜的热稳定性.     

氨基硅油扩链改性水性聚氨酯的研究

通过将由甲苯二异氰酸酯与聚四氢呋喃,二羟甲基丙酸反应制得的聚氨酯预聚体在低浓度氨基硅油的水乳液中扩链,合成了一种硅氧烷改性的聚氨酯水乳液,并用傅立叶红外光谱,ＥＳＣＡ能谱,接触角仪,电子拉力试验机,吸水率测定及乳液稳定性测试对其进行研究。     

主链含四重氢键基元聚氨酯的合成与性能

合成了一种新型含有UPy(2-ureido-4[1H]-pyrimidone)基团的二羟基化合物,以此二羟基化合物作扩链剂,通过与聚氨酯预聚体进行的扩链反应,制备了一系列主链含UPy的聚氨酯(PU-UPy).傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、氢核磁共振(1H-NMR)等测试结果表明,在聚氨酯主链中确实含有UPy链段.同时,热性能及力学性能测试表明,聚氨酯中的UPy二聚体会集聚而形成微晶,熔点在60℃附近.在聚氨酯主链中引入UPy,能大幅提高聚氨酯的力学性能,调整软段的分子量,以及在主链中UPy含量可改变聚氨酯弹性体的断裂伸长率和抗张强度.     

Plasma-induced grafting of polydimethylsiloxane onto polyurethane surface: Characterization and in vitro assay

Plasma-induced grafting of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) onto the surface of polyurethane (PU) film. The virgin, plasma treated, and PDMS grafted PU films were characterized by means of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, water drop contact angle measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The ATR-FTIR spectrogram of the grafted film showed the new characteristic peaks of PDMS. These grafted surfaces exhibited higher hydrophobicity and homogenous morphology. In vitro cell culture study showed that modified surfaces as well as virgin film were compatible with fibroblast cells. The formation of graft polymers combines the biostability of silicone with excellent physical and mechanical properties of PU.     

硅氧烷改性水性聚氨酯的制备及性能

A series of novel aqueous emulsion of siloxane modified polyurethane (PU(PE-PSI)) were synthesized based on poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), polyether-grafted polysiloxane (PE PSI), 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI), dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and 1,4 butanediol (BDO) through a direct water emulsification of triethylamine (TEA). The aqueous emulsion was transparent and had a good stability. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to identify the structure of PU (PE PSI), indicating that the polysiloxane segment had been incorporated with polyurethane chain. Investigation of Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis (ESCA) and the water contact angle demonstrated that the siloxane migrated to the surface of film. The results also showed that PU(PE-PSI) was still a very good elastomer. With increasing the content of PE PSI, the resistance to water improved and tensile strength increased, while the ultimate elongation decreased slightly for the PU(PE-PSI) film.     

Development of hydrophobic polyurethane film from structurally modified castor oil and its anticorrosive performance

Hydrophobic polyurethane (PU) films are widely used for various commercial and industrial applications due to their excellent water repelling and self-cleaning property. Nevertheless, achieving appreciable hydrophobicity in PU film is quite a challenge. Herein, we report on the development of a novel hydrophobic PU (fluorinated polyurethane [FCO-PU]) film and comprehensively evaluate its anticorrosive property. The FCO-PU was prepared by structural modification of castor oil (CO) through attachment of long fluorocarbon chains as pendant groups onto the backbone of CO. A model PU film (CO-PU) was also prepared from unmodified CO to compare the properties of FCO-PU film. All intermediate compounds, FCO-PU and CO-PU films were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Morphological, thermal and mechanical properties of the PU films were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) studies. Successful introduction of long fluorocarbon chains into the FCO-PU film is reflected by its high hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 119.1°, compared to the model CO-PU film with a water contact angle of 84.4°. Anticorrosive properties of the PU films were evaluated by polarization technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under corrosive environment and the obtained results reveal a significant corrosion resistance (corrosion rate: 6.72 × 10⁻⁶ mm/year) behavior by the FCO-PU film. This work represents an effective strategy for the backbone modification of CO to develop novel functional PU materials.     

PU/PSt型复合乳液粒子热力学平衡形态预测

以水性聚氨酯分散液为种子采用无皂乳液聚合新技术合成出了具有核壳结构的聚氨酯 聚苯乙烯(PU PSt)型复合聚合物乳液 .采用界面张力简化计算方法 ,通过界面自由能变化最小的热力学判据对合成的复合乳液粒子的热力学平衡形态进行了预测 .并利用透射电子显微镜和接触角法测定的膜的表面极性对其进行了证实 .结果表明 ,界面自由能变化的最小判据可以推广到PU PSt体系 ,文中给出的界面张力的简化计算方法是可行的 .     

Interpenetrating polymer networks based on polyurethane and polysiloxane

A series of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs), based on a polyurethane (PU) and polydimethylsiloxane, has been synthesized and characterized by means of DSC, TEM, TGA, 1H-NMR and IR spectroscopies, and other techniques. The homo-networks have been characterized by swelling in n-hexane and chloroform. The IPNs are obtained by combination of a PU based of the castor oil and 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) with different amounts of polydimethylsiloxane-α,ω-diol (PDMS). These materials have interesting individual physical properties, but some IPNs exhibited superior properties than either of the separate networks. For interesting results, it was used as compatibilizer the polydimethylsiloxane graft polyalkylene oxide. All the IPNs exhibited phase separation and maximum extent at the point of phase inversion.     

硅氧烷表面改性聚醚酯聚酰亚胺的研究

通过两种方法。即将γ-氨丙基封端的聚二甲基硅氧烷和对氨基苯甲酸酯封端的聚(四亚甲基)醚与均苯四甲酸二酐共缩聚,和将两种预制的聚酰胺酸溶液共混,合成了一组硅氧烷改性的聚醚酯聚酰亚胺材料。ESCA能谱和表面水接触角测量研究材料的表面性质发现,硅氧烷在材料表面富集,对聚醚酯聚酰亚胺材料具有显著的表面改性作用,硅氧烷改性的聚醚酯聚酰亚胺,其热稳定性能和气体透过性能有一定程度的提高,但抗张强度和介电性能有所降低。     

软段对水性聚氨酯结构与性能的影响

以低聚物多元醇、异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、亲水单体二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA),乙二胺为主要原料,制备了一组不同组成的聚氨酯乳液。通过粘度测定、粒度分析、力学性能和耐水性能测试、原子力显微镜(AFM)分析,研究了软段类型、软段分子量对乳液及其胶膜性能的影响。结果表明,分子结构规整、易结晶的软段合成的聚氨酯树脂力学性能和耐水性能都较好,对聚己二酸酯而言,分子量减小,其合成的水性聚氨酯拉伸强度提高,耐水性能却有很大程度的下降。     

Surface modification of high heat resistant UV cured polyurethane dispersions

To modify the surface of UV cured polyurethane dispersion (UV-PUD), fluorinated PU called surface modifying agent (SMA) was blended with base PU prior to dispersion in water. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements showed that surfaces of dispersion cast film are significantly enriched with fluorine groups. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that surface was roughened with the addition of SMA, which provided possible mechanism of increased water resistance as well as low friction coefficient of the film. On the other hand, hardness, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties indicated that the bulk properties are marginally altered by the additive amount of SMA.     

Synthesis of a Novel Core-shell Type Acrylic-polyurethane Hybrid Emulsion Containing Siloxane and Fluorine as well as Water and the Oil Resistances of Cured Film

Aqueous acrylic-polyurethane dispersions have become one of the major types of materials used in coating, paint and adhesive industries, because of excellent properties and environmental advantages1-5. However, some properties for cured film such as water…