何鸣元院士对绿色碳科学的认知与贡献

本文以何鸣元院士的代表性学术活动,概述了其对绿色碳科学的认知与贡献.首先介绍了何鸣元院士对分子筛催化裂化过程中三个层次矛盾的分析,以及针对矛盾内涵的关键问题,取得的催化裂化科学与技术的新认识和创新突破.进而,针对化石资源利用引起的碳失衡问题,在认识含碳物质化学键演变规律的基础上,何先生等提出了绿色碳科学的概念.     

闵恩泽先生小传

闵恩泽先生是在化学化工领域作出突出创新成就和贡献的科学家,他是我国炼油催化应用科学的奠基人、自主创新的先行者、绿色化学与化工的开创者、生物柴油新兴产业的倡导者.自1955年回国至今,他一直活跃在石油炼制与石油化工科学技术前沿第一线,兢兢业业,以科技创新贡献国民经济50多年.他对我国炼油事业的起步、发展和步入世界先进行列,对推     

沸石分子筛催化剂的“限域”效应

沸石分子筛催化剂因其独特的酸性、规则的孔道结构和良好的水热及化学稳定性被广泛应用于石油化工、煤化工和精细化工等重要领域.沸石分子筛活性位点的数目和分布,以及孔结构效应是沸石分子筛催化科学研究中最根本的问题,直接影响催化反应历程和反应结果.几十年来,沸石分子筛催化研究多集中在对活性位点的基本认识和合成设计,而忽视了活性位点、反应分子和沸石分子筛孔道微环境之间的相互作用.受益于先进的化学分析表征技术和化学理论计算科学的发展,沸石分子筛催化剂孔道内的微环境研究引起了越来越多研究人员的重视.通过对相关文献的分析整理,本文从沸石分子筛结构"限域"理论的发展历程,对分子扩散、吸附和催化过程的影响及其应用拓展等几个方面讨论了沸石分子筛催化剂中的"限域"效应.     

沸石分子筛催化剂在化学工业中的应用

沸石分子筛作为重要的催化材料广泛应用于化学工业, 本文系统介绍了分子筛催化剂在石油炼制、 石油化工、 煤化工、 精细化工及环境化工等领域的工业应用, 阐述了分子筛催化剂在推动化学工业技术进步与发展上发挥的重大作用, 并对分子筛催化剂的未来发展进行了展望.     

从工业催化角度看分子筛催化剂未来发展的若干思考

从工业催化的角度思考和探讨了分子筛催化剂合成、催化及应用方面存在的一些问题与挑战, 并从沸石分子筛的高效催化、新结构分子筛合成与催化应用、沸石分子筛的经济合成、分子筛在绿色环保领域的新应用等几个方面, 综述了国内外相关的最新研究进展, 探讨了分子筛催化剂未来的发展方向. 旨在引发人们对分子筛催化未来向经济、可控、高效催化、绿色环保和新应用等方面发展的思考与探索.     

前言:庆祝何鸣元院士80华诞专刊

正何鸣元, 1940年2月8日出生于上海市,中石化石油化工科学研究院教授级高级工程师,华东师范大学教授. 1980年12月～1982年12月,在美国西北大学化学系作访问学者; 1982年12月～1984年1月,在美国得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校化工系作访问学者; 1984年1月,回到石油化工科学研究院工作,历任课题组长、基础研究部主任、副总工程师、总工程师等; 2000年始兼任华东师范大学教授, 2003～2018年任上海市绿色化学与化工过程绿色化重点实验室主任. 2001年获何梁何利     

以催化技术创新贡献国民经济50年——记闵恩泽先生的主要科学技术成就和贡献

本文介绍了2007年度国家最高科学技术奖获得者闵恩泽院士的主要科学技术成就与贡献,包括:(1)不断研发炼油新催化剂,奠定中国石油炼制催化剂制造技术基础--炼油催化应用科学的奠基人;(2)自主创新,开发新催化材料和新反应工程--石油化工技术自主创新的先行者;(3)开发绿色石化技术,从源头根治环境污染--绿色化学的开拓者三部分内容.     

以催化技术创新贡献国民经济50年——记闵恩泽先生的主要科学技术成就和贡献

介绍了2007年度国家最高科学技术奖获得者闵恩泽院士的主要科学技术成就与贡献,包括:(1)不断研发炼油新催化剂,奠定中国石油炼制催化剂制造技术基础——炼油催化应用科学的奠基人;(2)自主创新,开发新催化材料和新反应工程——石油化工技术自主创新的先行者;(3)开发绿色石化技术,从源头根治环境污染——绿色化学的开拓者三部分内容.     

光致发光沸石分子筛复合材料的研究进展

除传统的催化、 吸附分离和离子交换外, 主客体组装化学赋予了沸石分子筛材料独特的物理化学性质和广阔的应用前景. 本文聚焦光致发光沸石分子筛复合材料, 综述了这类材料最新的研究进展, 总结了不同发光客体, 如稀土金属、 金属簇、 量子点/碳点等与沸石分子筛形成的复合材料的制备方法与组装策略, 介绍了该类复合材料的光致发光性质和潜在应用, 探究了复合材料中可能存在的量子限域、 分子间相互作用、 能量转移和电子转移等对发光的影响, 并对未来光致发光沸石分子筛复合材料的发展前景进行了展望.     

沸石分子筛的绿色合成路线

沸石分子筛因具有独特的孔道结构、较强的酸性和高的水热稳定性,在吸附分离、催化和离子交换等领域得到了广泛的应用.沸石分子筛的合成方法大多采用水热法,需要使用大量含硅铝的化工产品和有机模板剂,导致沸石分子筛的合成成本较高、效率较低,且环境污染较为严重,因此沸石分子筛高效绿色合成路线的研究具有重大意义.本文主要从沸石分子筛的合成原料绿色化、合成条件绿色化以及合成方法绿色化等三个方面综述了国内外沸石分子筛绿色合成路线的研究新进展,并提出现有沸石分子筛绿色合成路线存在的问题以及将来的发展方向.     

黄鸣龙——我国有机化学的一位先驱

黄鸣龙院士(1898-1979)1919年浙江医药专科学校毕业,1924年德国柏林大学有机药物化学博士;1924-1934年任浙江医专教授、主任,卫生署化学部主任;1934-1940年在欧洲先灵公司等从事研究工作;1940年回国在昆明任中研院化学所研究员,兼任西南联大教授;1945年赴美在哈佛大学,默克公司从事研究工作。1952年绕道欧洲回国,先后在中国人民解放军医学科学院化学系和中国科学院上海有机化学研究所任研究员。1955年当选为中国科学院学部委员(院士)。黄先生一生从事有机化学的教育和研究工作,他在有机化学的“结构与机理”以及“反应和合成”二大方面都作出了在国内外具有深远影响的工作。20世纪40年代黄先生发现了变质山道年4个立体异构体的循环转变,堪称立体化学的经典之作;1948年发表了黄鸣龙还原反应;1952年归国后引领和发展了我国的甾体化学研究,带领了我国甾体药物的生产发展,是我国甾体药物工业的奠基人。黄先生治学严谨,既重视应用研究,又强调基础研究;关注学习新知识、新概念,又更重视实验技术。黄先生教书育人,身体力行,是我国有机化学发展的先驱者和奠基人。     

Professor Cristofor I. Simionescu on His 70th Birthday

Professor Cristofor I. Simionescu was born on July 17, 1920, in Dumbraveni-Suceava. His father was a high school teacher, and young Simionescu went to elementary school in his home town. After completing elementary school he went to Jassy and attended the prestigious “National Lyceum,” the roots of which stem from the “Michailean Academy.” He then began studies at the Polytechnic Institute of Jassy at the Faculty of Chemical Engineering. As a young student he was known for his enthusiasm and was recognized as an excellent young scientist. In 1944 Cristofor Simionescu graduated mugna cum lade from the Polytechnic Institute in Jassy. He obtained his first scientific degree in organic technology, i.e., Doctor of Technical Sciences, in 1948, and became Associate Professor at the Polytechnic Institute. In 1951 he was promoted to Full Professor and was appointed to the Chair of Natural and Synthetic Macromolecules. From 1953 until 1976 Professor Simionescu was Rector of the Polytechnic Institute of Jassy.     

The Dawn of X‐Ray Astronomy (Nobel Lecture)

Riccardo Giacconi joined the American Science and Engineering Corporation (AS & E) after leaving Princeton University in 1959, and in 1962 his group there detected the first extrasolar Xray source. Prof. Giacconi was subsequently responsible for the launch and use of the satellite UHURU (1970) and the EINSTEIN observatory (1978). He was appointed Associate Director of the High Energy Astrophysics Division of the Harvard‐Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics in 1973 and was also appointed Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University that same year. In 1981 he became the first Director of the Space Telescope Science Institute and was also appointed Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at Johns Hopkins University. In 1992 he was appointed Director General of the European Southern Observatory, an intergovernmental organization of eight nations. Prof. Giaconni is currently President of Associated Universities, Inc., and Research Professor at Johns Hopkins University. He was awarded the Wolf Prize in 1987, and the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2002.     

杨石先对农药化学学科的重要贡献及其学术思想

杨石先先生一生献身于我国的教育事业与化学学科的发展,在62年中为我国培养了无数高质量的科教人才。他除了长期担任南开大学校长之外, 还创建了我国大学第一个专职研究所,即元素有机化学研究所。他率先开展了我国元素有机化学与农药化学的科学研究,领导了元素有机化学国家重点实验室的建立,是我国元素有机化学和农药化学的奠基人和开拓者。他倡导用有机化学的专业知识,科学和系统地开展农药化学研究,组建队伍获得20项科研成果,发表上百篇科学与论述性论文,为我国开展自主创新农药研究事业作出重要贡献。在农药化学学科的学术思想中,他强调要弄清该学科的交叉性、系统性和内在规律性,倡导要学习国际先进经验,要结合国情自主创新,要为国家经济服务,要对世界农药科技做出贡献。他毕生对人才培养给予了特别的重视,为我国科技事业持续发展作出了重大贡献。     

On the contribution of A. C. Hurley to theoretical chemistry

Andrew Crowther Hurley was born in Melbourne, Australia, on 11 July 1926 and received his early education at Melbourne Church of England Grammar School. He graduated from the University of Melbourne with high honors in mathematics and natural philosophy and, in 1949, was awarded his M.A. with first class honors in the school of mathematics for his thesis “The Irreducible Crystal Classes in Four Dimensions,” his supervisor being Dr. Hans Schwerdtfeger. From 1950–1952 he was a member of Trinity College, Cambridge, and was awarded a Ph.D. for his research in theoretical chemistry under Sir John Lennard-Jones. In 1953 he returned to Melbourne and joined what was to become the Division of Chemical Physics of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO). The award of a fellowship by Trinity College enabled him to spend two more years, 1954–1956, in the Theoretical Chemistry Department of the University of Cambridge, and this was followed by a year with Professor J.C. Slater's solid state and molecular theory group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1957 Andrew again returned to the Division of Chemical Physics in Melbourne, where he has remained, except for the academic year 1962–1963, when he was Visiting Professor in Theoretical Chemistry at Iowa State University.     

An interview with I.M. Kolthoff

Izaak Maurits Kolthoff was born in 1894, in Almelo, Holland. He studied pharmacy at the University of Utrecht, and was awarded a Ph.D. in chemistry there in 1918. He served as Conservator of the Pharmaceutical Institute at the University from 1917 to 1927 and as a privat docent (lecturer) from 1924 to 1927. In 1927 Professor Kolthoff began his long association with the University of Minnesota, serving as Professor and Chief of the Division of Analytical Chemistry until 1962 and since then as Professor Emeritus. He is a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, a foreign member of the Royal Flemish Academy of Sciences and of a number of other learned Societies thoughout the world. He has, in the course of his long career, been given many awards. The latest of these is the Special Award of the Society for Analytical Chemists of Pittsburgh for 1981.     

Honda’s thermobalance

Kotaro Honda (2/23/1870–2/12/1954) graduated from the Department of Physics, Tokyo Imperial University in 1897. Between 1907 and 1911, he stayed in Europe, and spent the majority of his time at Göttingen University to study physical metallurgy under Professor Gustav Tammann. In 1911, he returned to Japan and was nominated professor of physics at Tohoku Imperial University, Sendai. An university-affiliated institute for research on iron and steel was established on a permanent basis in 1919, and the institute developed to the Research Institute for Iron, Steel, and Other Metals (RIISOM, KINKEN in Japanese) in 1922. Professor Honda served as the Director of the Institute until 1933. The RIISOM was reorganized as a national collaborative research institute named Institute for Materials Research in 2001. Professor Honda and his colleagues achieved distinguished research works of physical metallurgy, in which thermoanalytical techniques such as differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermodilatometry and thermomagnetometry were utilized effectively. Professor Honda also played an important role in the field of thermogravimetry (TG) by means of the first development of the thermobalance. In the present paper, Honda’s original thermobalance, various modifications carried out by his school, the commercialized Honda’s thermobalance and other related matters are briefly summarized.     

In memoriam Professor Zhen-Rong Lu (8 January 1946–5 January 2007)

Professor Zhen-Rong Lu, passed away on 5^th January 2007. Zhen-Rong Lu was born in Changshu in Jiangsu Province on 8^th January 1946. He received his B.Sc. in 1968 and M.Sc. in 1981 from Nanjing University. He worked for Suzhou Research Institute of Chemical Engineering (1968–1979); Department of Chemistry, Suzhou University (1981–1988); Department of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Australia (1988); Department of Chemistry, Monash University, Australia (1989); Testing and Analysis Center, Suzhou University, China (1990–2007). Main fields of interest have been: kinetics; relationship between thermal behavior and structure of complexes; crystal and molecular structure using thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. He was awarded the third award of STA in 1995. Number of publications was 84 and the number of citations was 115. He was the writer of different chapters, i.e. Handbook of Thermal Analysis, Chapter 3–6, Published by John Wiley & Sons, Chichester 1998; Thermal Analysis Kinetics (in Chinese), Chapter 1, Science Press, Beijing 2001. Professional activities were: Member of the Chemical Thermodynamics and Thermal Analysis Committee (CTTA), Chinese Chemical Society (CCS) (1998–2007), Editorial Board of the Journal of Thermal Analyis and Calorimetry (2003–2007), Chairman of the Thermal Analysis Committee of Jiangsu Province (1991–2007), Chairman 3^rd Chinese Symposium on Thermoanalysis Kinetics and Thermokinetics Shihezi, China (2003). Professor Lu was a good and a cordial man always. He was extremely generous, always willing to see the positive side of life. He was a famous teacher and an outstanding researcher on a local and an international level as well. Besides his academic endeavors, he enjoyed his life spending quality time with his family and friends. We have suffered a great loss. We will miss him a lot as we have lost a true friend. May he rest in peace.     

Laser-Assisted Synthesis of Non-Equilibrium Nanoalloys

Vincenzo Amendola is Professor of Physical Chemistry at Padova University, where he established and directs the Laser-Assisted Synthesis and Plasmonics (LASP) lab. He obtained a PhD in Materials Science and Engineering in 2008 and the Italian qualification as Full Professor in 2017, after research experience at Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Cambridge University. He is part of the Program Committee of the ANGEL conference series and he is a current member of the ChemPhysChem Editorial Advisory Board.