Multi-component hydrogen-bonding salts formed between imidazole and aromatic acids: Synthons cooperation and crystal structures

Imidazole base was crystallized with different aromatic carboxylic acids 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 5-chlorosalicylic acid, and 1,8-naphthalic acid, affording three new binary molecular organic salts of [(C 3 H 5 N 2 + )·(C 7 H 5 O 4 )] (1), [(C 3 H 5 N 2 + )·(C 7 H 4 O 3 Cl )] C 7 H 5 O 3 Cl (2), and [(C 3 H 5 N 2 + ) (C 12 H 7 O 4 )] (3). Proton transfer occurs from the COOH of carboxylic acid to nitrogen of imidazole in all complexes (1-3), leading to the hydrogen bond N-H…O in all structures. To our knowledge, the recognition pattern between the carboxylic acid group and imidazole (acid-imidazole synthon) is less well-studied so far. The cooperation among COOH, COO and imidazolium cation functional groups for the observed hydrogen bond synthons is examined in the three structures. Generally, the strong N-H…O and O-H…O hydrogen bonds define supramolecular architecture and connectivity within chains, while weaker C-H…O hydrogen bonds play the dominant role in controlling the interactions between layers in these novel organic salts. Thermal stability of these compounds has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of mass loss.     

Hydrogen Bonding Assembled 3D Supramolecular Structures Formed by 5-Amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic Acid and N-Heterocyclic Aromatic Ligands

Three salts constructed by 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid(ATIPA) with N-heterocycles aromatic coformers such as pyridine tetrazolium, tetramethylpyraziiie and cyanuric acid were synthesized by slowing evaporation of solvent. X-Ray single crystal analysis shows that hydrogen protons of the carboxyl groups transfer to nitrogen atoms of the N-heterocyclic coformers to form N-H…0 hydrogen bonds in all the three compounds. A huge amount of H-bonds play significant role in tlie construction of these compounds and all of them generate 3D structures through strong O-H…N, O-H…O, N-H…O and weak C-H…O hydrogen bonds. Moreover, solvent water molecules are indispensable in the formation of compounds 1 and 3, which constitutes different supramolecular synthons to bridge individual molecules and chains to form stable structures. In addition, these crystal structures were further characterized by themiogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy.     

Two Cd(Ⅱ) and Cu(Ⅱ) Complexes Based on 1-Butylbenzimidazole: Crystal Structures and Weak Interactions

1-Butylbenzimidazole L reacted with Cd(NO3)2·4H2O to afford complex [CdL(NO3)3H2O]·[HL] 1. The heptacoordinated Cd(Ⅱ) center adopts a distorted pentagongal bipyramidal geometry, and complex [CdL(NO3)3H2O]-entity and the protonated benzimidazium salt [HL]+ are connected via N-H···O hydrogen bond to form a dimeric unit [CdL(NO3)3H2O]·[HL]. A 3-D supramolecular network of 1 is formed through N-H···O and O-H···O hydrogen bonds together with π-π stacking interactions. Reaction of L with CuCl2 afforded a mononuclear complex, [CuL2Cl2] 2, in which the tetracoordinated Cu(II) center adopts a distorted tetrahedral geometry. In contrast, 2-D supramolecular layers of 2 are formed by C-H···Cl hydrogen bonds. The fluorescent emission spectra of L, 1 and 2 are described.     

Co-crystallization of glycine anhydride with the hydroxybenzoic acids: Controlled formation of dimers via synthons cooperation and structural characterization

The results of crystallographic analyses on 1:1 and 1:4 well-defined co-crystals formed between glycine anhydride and each of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid are described. Neutral molecules are connected via heteromeric O-H···O and N-H···O contacts leading to different packing arrangements of supramolecular chains. On the basis of the molecular structures of glycine anhydride and carboxylic acid guests, the hydrogen bonds are arranged to give centrosymmetric synthons V and VII which are noteworthy for their robustness. Hydrogen-bond interactions between glycine anhydride and aromatic acid provide sufficient driving force to direct molecular recognition and crystal packing. Utilization of the orientation of functional groups of the building blocks, the acidity, and weak interactions provides a route for the creation of novel supra- molecular architectures in the crystal lattice. Both two co-crystals contain the expected hydrogen-bonded motifs, and there has been no proton transfer from either of the two carboxylic acids to the aza compound moiety. This demonstrates that glycine anhydride is very capable of affecting the construction of binary co-crystals in a predictable and rationale manner. It is noted that synthons VⅢ and IX are fairly large, but the real challenge in crystal engineering is to find a big enough synthon that occurs often enough. Thermal stability of these compounds has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of mass loss.     

Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Fluorescence Properties of Two Triazolyl Derivatives with Biphenyl Links

Two novel triazolyl derivatives with biphenyl links, namely 4,4-bis（1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl）biphenylene 1 and 4,4-bis（3,5-dimethyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl）biphenylene 2, have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1·H2O·HCl and 2·2H2O·2HCl crystallize in the monoclinic system with space group C2/c and P21/c, respectively. The dihedral angles of the two phenyl rings are 30.26（6）° in 1·H2O·HCl, while co-planar （0.00（7）°） in 2·2H2O·2HCl. In 1·H2O·HCl, the N-H…O hydrogen bonds link 1 to form chain-like structures which are further connected by O-H…Cl, C-H…Cl, C-H…O and π-π supramolecular interactions. The hydrogen bonds of O-H…Cl in 2·2H2O·2HCl provide distinguishing P/M helical chains along the b axis, and these chains are further connected by N-H…O hydrogen bonds to generate a 2D structure. Compounds 1 and 2 in methanol solution show much stronger emission bands at 319 nm than biphenyl at 316 nm under excitation at 260 nm.     

Crystal Structure of 2,6-Dihistidine Dimethyl Ester Pyridine Acylamine Monohydrate

The crystal structure of the title compound,C21H25N7O7,has been determined in the orthorhombic space group C222(1) with a=8.993(10),b=12.149(14),c=22.20(2) and Z=4.There exist intramolecular C-H…O and N-H…N hydrogen bonds in the title crystal structure.The intermolecular N-H…N and C-H…O hydrogen bonds together with π-π stacking interactions(face-to-face) link the molecules into an infinite three-dimensional supramolecular network.     

Cocrystallization of N-donor type compounds with 5-sulfosalicylic acid: The effect of hydrogen-bonding supramolecular architectures

Benzotriazole,N,N’-dimethylpiperazine and N-methylpiperazine were applied to crystallize with 5-sulfosalicylic acid(5-H2SSA),affording three new binary molecular cocrystals [(C6H6N3+).(C7H5O6S-)].H2O(1),[(C6H16N22+)1/2.(C7H5O6S-)].H2O(2) and [(C5H14N22+).(C7H5O6S-)2].3H2O(3) under general conditions.Proton-transferring occurs from acid to nitrogen of N-donor compounds in all compounds 1,2 and 3.Analysis of the hydrogen-bonding synthons and their effects on crystal packing were also presented in the context of crystal engineering and host-guest chemistry.In compound 1,1-D infinite chains are extended to a 2-D layered architecture via strong O-H...O hydrogen bonds and then to a 3-D network by N-H...O interactions.Compound 2 and 3 both have the 1-D chain which is formed by O-H...O bonds and weak C-H...O hydrogen bonds.A common intramolecular S(6) [synthon I] ring is formed by the hydroxyl with the carboxyl group in all three compounds.     

Syntheses,Crystal Structures,and Antimicrobial Activities of N′-(5-Hydroxy-2-nitrobenzylidene)-4-dimethylaminobenzohydrazide Methanol Solvate and 2-Fluoro-N′-(5-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzylidene)benzohydrazide

Two new hydrazone compounds,N'-(5-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzylidene)-4-dimethyl-aminobenzohydrazide methanol solvate (1) and 2-fluoro-N'-(5-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzylidene)benzo-hydrazide (2),have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis,IR spectra,1H NMR,and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c with a=11.571(3),b=12.420(3),c=12.360(2) ?,β=97.495(2)°,V=1761.1(7) 3,Z=4,R=0.0735 and wR=0.1344.Compound 2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P with a=7.551(3),b=8.254(3),c=11.365(2) ?,α=79.352(2),β=76.154(2),γ=71.624(2)°,V=648.2(4) 3,Z=2,R=0.0393 and wR=0.1008.The hydrazone molecules of the compounds display E configurations with respect to the C=N double bonds.In the crystal structure of 1,the hydrazone molecules are linked by methanol molecules through N-H…O,O-H…N and O-H…O hydrogen bonds,forming chains running along the c axis.In the crystal structure of 2,molecules are linked through N-H…O and O-H…O hydrogen bonds,forming ribbons running along the b axis.The preliminary antimicrobial activities were studied.     

Theoretical Studies on the Hydrogen Bonds of Different Position Action Mechanisms of Thymine with Uracil

In this research, the hydrogen bonds Y···H-X(X = C, N; Y = N, O) of thymine and uracil have been theoretically studied. The results show that hydrogen bond leads to bond length elongation and stretches the frequency red-shift of N-H···Y. Meanwhile, the C-H···O bonds shorten and stretch the frequency blue-shift. They all belong to traditional hydrogen bonds. The intermolecular charge transfer caused by the intermolecular hyperconjugation ρ*(N–H) →n(Y) and intramolecular charge redistribution by intramolecular hyperconjugation ρ(C-H)→ρ*(C-N) play important roles in the formation of hydrogen bonds. According to the judgment standards proposed by Bader and Popelier, these hydrogen bonds have typical electron density topological properties. Electrostatic surface potential(ESP) is a useful physicochemical property of a molecule that provides insights into inter- and intramolecular associations, as well as the prediction of likely sites of electrophilic and nucleophilic metabolic attack.     

Construction of interesting organic supramolecular structures with synthons cooperation in the cocrystals of 1H-benzotriazole and hydroxybenzoic acids

Multifunctional molecules are capable of assembling via different supramolecular synthons,or hydrogen bond motifs,between the same or different functional groups,leading to the possibility of cocrystal.Utilization of the interplay of dimensionality(1-D,2-D and 3-D),orientation of functional groups of the building blocks,influence of rigid/flexible linking groups,and weak interactions provides an interesting route for the creation of novel supramolecular architectures in the crystal lattice.N-unsubstituted 1H-benzotriazole and carboxylic acid,being self-complementary molecules,offer a broad scope of study of binary compounds based on the complementary combination of H-bonding/donating sites.We report here the construction of three extended molecular networks in cocrystals of the carboxylic acid group of the acid and the 1H-benzotriazole triazole moiety.We have been able to identify four major supramolecualr synthons that would be helpful in the prediction of structural motifs for these kinds of studies.Interestingly,these heterosynthons are strikingly similar,to those of the homosynthons of the individual functional groups.The nature of the aza groups helps to enhance the overall volume of the crystal lattice thus leading to the formation of various supramolecular assemblies.Thermal stability of these compounds has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) of mass loss.     

Syntheses and Structures of Two Isomorphous Metal-organic Coordination Complexes Based on 4-Pyrimidin-5-ylbenzoic Acid

The reactions of 4-pyrimidin-5-ylbenzoic acid （HL） with Co（NO3）2·6H2O and Ni（NO3）2·6H2O gave rise to two isomorphous mononuclear coordination complexes, namely, [CoL2（H2O）4] （1） and [NiL2（H2O）4] （2）. Both compounds were characterized by IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray crystallographic analyses reveal that they crystallize in monoclinic, space group P21/n. In the crystal structures of these two complexes, only one nitrogen atom of L coordinates to the metal center, and neither carboxylate group nor another nitrogen atom of L links to Co（Ⅱ） or Ni（Ⅱ）. 2D Layers with significant hydrogen bonds can be observed, and they are further linked by L to form a 3D supramolecular network. Nitrogen atoms are not involved in forming hydrogen bonds, but carboxylic groups of the ligands play an important role in the configuration of this hydrogen-bond layer.     

Effect of Pyridinecarboxylic Acid on the Molecular Packing Architectures of Disc-shaped 2,3,6,7,10,11-Hexahydroxytriphenylene with Both Large π System and Hydrogen Bond Sites

Co-crystallization of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene(L) with nicotinic acid(3-pyaH) and isonicotinic acid(4-pyaH) offers L·(3-pyaH)·5 H_2O(1) and L·2(4-pya H)·5 H_2O(2), respectively. In 1, each L links three neighboring L molecules via O-H···O and C-H···O hydrogen bonds, furnishing a 1 D chain. The hydrogen bonding and p-p stacking deriving from 3-pyaH and L extend the chains to a 2D layer. Lattice water molecules are interconnected to 3-pyaH via hydrogen bonds into a 1 D [(3-pya H)×5 H_2O]$ chain. While in 2, Hydrogen bonding between L and 4-pyaH produces a 2D net with triangle and parallelogram grids. Water molecules locate in interlayer and grids, and O(1 w) and O(2 w) link 4-pyaH into a 1 D [(4-pyaH)×2 H_2O]$ chain.     

Cytosinium Isophthalate: Crystal Structure Redetermination and Room Temperature Phosphorescence

The title compound cytosinium isophthalate(C-H_2IA) self-assembly of cytosine(C) and isophthalic acid(H_2IA) in aqueous media has been synthesized and the crystal structure with a reasonable protonation state is redetermined. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that each asymmetric unit contains one protoned cytosine molecule and one deprotoned isophthalic acid. The proton transferred from carboxylic acid to the pyrimidine ring is disordered across an inversion center with occupancy of 0.5 and the proton located to one of the carboxylate group lies on an inversion center shared by two crystallographically equivalent oxygen atoms. In addition, the cytosine molecules are connected by complementary hydrogen bonds to form a one-dimensional tape structure. The neighboring isophthalic acids are connected via hydrogen bonds between carboxyl groups to form a one-dimensional lattice like tape. Furthermore, the adjacent organic base tapes and organic acid tapes are stacked one with another through π-π stacking interactions to form a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. Interestingly, C-H_2IA displays a green phosphorescence in solid state at room temperature with the lifetime of 0.7 s determined by time resolved studies, indicating that supramolecular C-H_2IA is a potential pure organic phosphorescent luminogens.     

A Cell Solid Structure of cis-1,3-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid and Its Complex Crystal with 4,4''''-Dipyridine

Carboxylic acids are important in crystal engineering because they can form strong and directional O-H…O hydrogen bonds as dimmer and catmer.[1] The dicarboxylic acids (not containing other hydrogen bonding groups) generally form the extended line structure interlinked through dimmer,[2] except that oxalic acid forms both the β-oxalic acid linked by dimmer (finite synthon) and the a-oxalic acid by catmer[3] (infinite synthon). A new molecular packing structure of cis-1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid (CHDA), which is different from line structure,[4] was gotten (P1/2, Figure 1). The novel structure has dimmer and catmer hydrogen bond pairs in the crystal and the hydrogen bond length of O-H…O is 0.268 nm in catmer and 0.264 nm in dimmer. The bond angles of O=C-O vary from 123.1° to 123.8° in catmer and from 123.1° to 122.0° in dimmer comparing with the ones in line structure.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Cu^2＋ Supramolecular Complex [Na2Cu（BTA）2（H2O）8]·H2O with a Three-dimensional Network Structure

A three-dimensional Cu^2＋ supramolecular complex [Na2Cu（BTA）2（H2O）8]·H2O 1 （H2BTA = bistetrazolylamine） was synthesized by reacting the aqueous solution of CuSO4·5H2O and H2BTA under stirring. The crystal structure of 1 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The result indicates that 1 crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1, with a = 7.0518（2）, b = 12.2692（2）, c = 13.8583（3） A, α = 115.7260（10）,β = 93.2440（10）, γ = 98.3610（10）°, Mr = 573.90, V= 1059.01（4） A^3, Z = 2, De= 1.800 g·cm^-3,μ（MoKα） = 1.155 mm^-l, F（000） = 586.0, S = 1.074, the final R = 0.0273 and wR = 0.0744 for 4334 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. The Cu^2＋ ion is five-coordinated with a N4O1 donor set with r = 0.153 according to the method of Addison et al. And the Na^＋ ions form an infinite main chain through bridging O atoms from coordinated water molecules. In 1, a three-dimensional supratnolecular network is formed by O-H….O, O-H…N, N-H…O and N-H…N hydrogen bonds.     

Trimer formation of 6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine in salt with organic and inorganic acids:analysis of supramolecular architecture

Although the numbers of co-crystals,salts,polymorphs,hydrates,and solvates are growing steadily,trimers that contain both inorganic and organic acids are still very rare in the Cambridge Structural Database(CSD).When 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid was crystallized readily with 6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine in a 4:3 ratio of ethanol and water by adding a few drops of nitric acid upon slow evaporation in ambient conditions,6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid with the nitric acid form of 1:1:1 an inorganic-organic salt formulated as[(C4H8N5+)·(NO3-)·(C7H6O4)].The supramolecular architecture,which is quite elegant and simple,appeared as stacking of a 3D network in adduct.Proton transfer from the HNO3to 6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine N acceptor(triazine N)occurred in the organic salt and led to the ionic heterosynthon in the structure.Cooperation among the–COOH,–OH,NO3–,and–NH–functional groups for the observed hydrogen bond synthon was examined in the structure.In adduct,recognition among the constituents is established through N–H···O,O–H···N,and O–H···O hydrogen bonds.The agomelatine molecules are linked through the intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions(O–H···O)to form a 1D chain.In addition,the nitric acid anions and base cations act as donors and acceptors of hydrogen bonds and interlink,almost to co-planarity,the hydrogen-bonded chains through interchain N–H···O,O–H···N,as well as O–H···O interactions into a 2D sheet structure.Persistent N–H···O interactions were found to play an important role in the formation of the final 3D array.The salt was characterized by elemental analysis,IR,thermogravimetric analysis,and singlecrystal X-ray diffraction,to better understand how intermolecular interactions influence its supramolecular assembly.     

Synthesis, Structure and Photoluminescence of a New Cd(Ⅱ)Coordination Polymer Based on 4-(Carboxymethoxy)-benzoic Acid and 1,10-Phenanthroline Derivative

A new 1D coordination polymer, [Cd2(L1)2(L2)2]·H2O (1, H2L1 = 4-(carboxy-methoxy)benzoic acid and L2 = 2-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline), has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group Pī with a = 9.985(5), b = 10.768(5), c = 12.512(5), α = 68.959(5), β = 80.354(5), γ = 79.663(5)°, V = 1227.4(10) 3, Z = 1, C56H36Cd2F2N8O11, Mr = 1259.73, Dc = 1.704 g/cm3, F(000) = 630, μ(MoKa) = 0.949 mm-1, R = 0.0261 and wR = 0.0655. The L1 anions link the neighboring Cd(II) atoms to form a 1D double chain structure. The L2 ligands are alternately located on both sides of the double chains. More interestingly, the lateral L2 ligands from adjacent double chains are paired to furnish strong π-π interactions, yielding a 2D supramolecular layer. N-H···O, O-H···N and O-H···O hydrogen bonds further stabilize the structure of 1. The luminescent property of 1 was studied in solid state at room temperature.     

Syntheses,Crystal Structures and Antibacterial Activities of Cobalt(Ⅱ) and Manganese(Ⅱ) Complexes with Schiff Base Ligand Derived from Tryptamine

Two new mononuclear complexes, namely [Co(L)_2](1) and [Mn(L)_2](2)(HL = N-(3-methylsalicylidene)tryptamine), have been synthesized by the reactions of the ligand with cobalt acetate or manganese acetate in anhydrous ethanol. The crystal structures of the complexes were characterized by IR spectrum, elemental analysis, PXRD and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c, with a = 23.146(2), b = 9.4864(10), c = 13.9261(15) ?, β = 102.898(2)°, V = 2980.6(5) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.367 g/cm3, F(000) = 1284 and μ = 0.616 mm-1. Complex 2 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a = 14.807(11), b = 13.118(10), c = 16.663(13) ?, β = 111.237(14)°, V = 3017(4) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.342 g/cm~3, F(000) = 1276 and μ = 0.477 mm-1. The units of complex 1 are linked by intermolecular N–H···π hydrogen bonds into infinite 1D chains, which are further extended into a 3D supramolecular structure by a series of π···π stacking interactions. The units of complex 2 are linked by intermolecular N–H···π hydrogen bonds and C–H···π hydrogen bonds into an infinite 3D supramolecular structure. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activities of the ligand and its complexes have been tested against four kinds of bacteria. The results show that the three compounds all have excellent antibacterial activities and that 1 and 2 possess stronger inhibiting effects against the bacteria than the Schiff base.     

Semi-synthesis and Crystal Structure of Sophoridine N-oxide

Sophoridine N-oxide was synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR,EI-MS,IR and elemental analysis,together with X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis,and its crystal structure was reported for the first time.The crystal belongs to the orthorhombic system,space group P212121 with a = 8.321(2),b = 15.650(3),c = 24.352(5) ,V = 3171.1(11) 3,Z = 8,Dc = 1.258 g/cm3,λ(CuKα) = 1.54178,F(000) = 1440,the final R = 0.0351 and wR = 0.0970.The crystal structure shows Sophoridine N-oxide crystallizes with two host molecules of similar conformation and four water solvent molecules in the asymmetric unit.In the crystal structure,intermolecular O-H…O hydrogen bonds link the constituent molecules into a 2D layer structure,which further extends to a 3D supramolecular architecture via Van der Waals interactions and intermolecular O-H…O hydrogen bonds.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a New Supramolecular Compound Constructed from Flexible 1,1＇-（1,4-Butanediyl）bis（imidazole） and 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylic Acid

A new bis(imidazolium) compound,[H2L(H2btec)2]·H4btec(1,L=1,1'-(butane-1,4-diyl)bis(imidazole),H4btec=1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylatic acid),has been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system,space group Pnma,with a=13.3908(11),b=13.9249(12),c=16.2166(14),V=2957.6(4)3,Z=4,Mr=698.55,Dc=1.569 mg/m3,F(000)=1448,μ(MoKα)=0.130 mm-1,the final R=0.0584 and wR=0.1538 for 4295 observed reflections with I2σ(I).The compound consists of one 1,1'-(butane-1,4-diyl)bis(imidazolium) cation,one neutral H4btec and one H2btec2-(Only two para carboxyl groups are deprotonated,and two protonated ones remain free) anion.A one-dimensional hydrogen bonding chain and a 2D hydrogen bonding network are formed via intermolecular N-H…O and O-H…O hydrogen bonds.These adjacent chains are further stacked through intermolecular π-π and hydrogen bonding interactions to form a 3D supramolecular network.