取向碳纳米管制备方法及其应用进展*

碳纳米管有广阔的应用前景,但很多应用是以碳纳米管定向的取向排列为前提.本文全面介绍了制备取向碳纳米管的各种方法和研究进展,综合阐述了各种制备方法的特点,并初步讨论了制备取向生长碳纳米管各种方法的机理.最后,对取向碳纳米管的应用进行了展望,提出了碳纳米管应用的新思路.     

石墨、金刚石家族新成员——碳纳米管

介绍了碳纳米管的发展历史、结构、制备方法,并重点介绍了碳纳米管在纤维材料、复合材料、电子器件、催化、储氢等领域的应用.     

卟啉修饰的碳纳米管研究进展

从问题解决的视角介绍碳纳米管的性质和在应用方面存在的问题。重点介绍卟啉修饰的碳纳米管的优势以及卟啉修饰碳纳米管的方法、应用和近期的研究进展。     

固体碳的新形态——碳纳米管

本文从化学角度介绍了碳纳米管的分子结构、制备方法和应用，并对其发展前景做了展望。同时，也对单层碳纳米管的发现做了介绍。     

碳纳米管的功能化研究进展

综述了碳纳米管功能化的一些最新研究进展,重点介绍了一些功能化方法、功能化碳纳米管的性能表征及应用前景。文献49篇。     

磁性碳纳米管复合材料的合成及在固相萃取中的应用进展

本文综述了近年来磁性碳纳米管复合材料的最新进展。重点讨论了碳纳米管的表面预处理技术、碳纳米管与磁性纳米颗粒的复合方法及材料结构性能的表征技术,介绍了磁性碳纳米管复合材料在样品富集检测中的应用,并对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望。     

生物分子功能化碳纳米管

利用生物分子功能化碳纳米管,使其具备生物相容性和特殊的识别功能并引入生物体系是一项极具应用潜力的研究.如何利用不同种类的生物分子功能化碳纳米管则是该领域须解决的一个关键问题.本文综述了利用生物分子酶、蛋白质、氨基酸、肽螺旋、DNA功能化碳纳米管的最新研究进展,重点介绍了碳纳米管侧壁与端口的DNA功能化以及碳纳米管的DNA填充,并对DNA功能化碳纳米管在生物传感器、电化学检测及DNA操纵碳纳米管自组装方面的应用作了阐述.     

碳纳米管纤维的连续制备及高性能化

碳纳米管纤维是一种碳纳米管的宏观聚集体,是由碳纳米管及管束组装而成的连续纱线,具有高强、高韧、高导电等特性,在结构功能一体化复合材料、纤维状能源器件、人工肌肉以及轻质导电线缆等领域具有非常广泛的应用前景。经过近二十年的发展,碳纳米管纤维材料在连续制备技术、高性能化以及应用探索等方面相继取得了突破性的研究进展。本文总结了碳纳米管纤维材料的发展历程,对比介绍了碳纳米管纤维的不同连续制备与组装技术,重点讨论了碳纳米管纤维结构与性能之间的关联规律,并对目前碳纳米管纤维的高性能化方法进行了综述。在此基础上,对碳纳米管纤维材料的发展思路以及未来的应用方向进行了展望。     

异型碳纳米管

通过引入缺陷环,直型碳纳米管可连接为不同形态的异型碳纳米管。异型碳纳米管因其在纳米电子科技领域潜在的应用而备受关注。本文综述了异型碳纳米管的合成方法,结构和稳定性的关系,其电学、力学、热学、光学性质以及相关的分子模拟方法在异型碳纳米管研究中的应用进展,并简要介绍了其在电子器件,储氢材料以及其它功能复合材料方面的应用。最后,讨论了目前研究中存在的问题并展望了该领域今后的发展趋势。     

碳纳米管薄膜的制备及其在柔性电子器件中的应用

近年来,柔性电子器件的发展日新月异。以碳纳米管为代表的碳纳米材料,尤其是其组装成的宏观结构碳纳米管薄膜具有良好的柔性和优异的导电性,且具有化学稳定、热稳定、光学透明性等优点,在柔性电子领域展现了极大的应用潜力。本文简要综述了近年来碳纳米管薄膜在柔性电子器件领域的研究进展。首先详细介绍了碳纳米管薄膜的两类主要制备方法,分别为干法制备和湿法制备;继而介绍了碳纳米管薄膜在多种柔性电子器件的组装、性能与应用方面的最新研究进展;最后总结了碳纳米管薄膜基柔性电子领域的发展现状,并讨论了该领域所面临的挑战及其未来前景。     

多孔碳材料的制备

多孔碳材料不仅具有碳材料化学稳定高、导电性好等优点,由于多孔结构的引入,还具有比表面积高、孔道结构丰富、孔径可调等特点,在催化、吸附和电化学储能等方面都得到了广泛的应用。本文综述了微孔、介孔、大孔及多级孔碳等多孔碳材料的最新研究进展,重点介绍了多孔碳孔道结构的调控,并对多孔碳材料的应用进行了展望。     

碳纳米管共价功能化*

碳纳米管由于其独特的结构与优异的各项性能,在许多领域具有巨大的应用潜力,已引起了广泛的关注。由于碳纳米管不溶于水和有机溶剂,极大地制约了其性能应用,因此碳纳米管的功能化就成为目前研究的热点。本文侧重于碳纳米管的共价功能化,详细讨论了碳纳米管不同位置共价功能化的研究进展。     

元素化学课堂教学的设计：碳的结构与性能及其应用

以"碳的结构与性能及其应用"为例说明元素化学课堂教学中的方法,引导学生在复习碳元素的结构与性质的基础上,组织学生开展课堂讨论,引导学生对不断涌现的新型碳材料的关注和兴趣。同时,分组讨论碳氧化物的结构与化学性质之间关系及其有效利用,即模拟光合作用实现CO2的光催化还原和基于费托合成实现CO为原料制备燃料,鼓励和推进学生开展碳材料及其应用的本科生科研训练,实现课堂知识与科学研究衔接。     

含茂基稀土金属有机络合物催化剂在有机合成中的应用

综述了含茂基稀土金属有机络合物催化下的不饱和烃（或其取取衍生物）转化反应及其在有机合成中的作用。重点阐述了含茂基稀土金属有机络合物催化的烯烃氧化，氢化环化；烯烃和炔烃的氢化硅化，1，5－或1，6－二烯或烯炔的氢化硅化／环化，氨基取代烯烃，炔烃，丙二烯等的氢化胺化／环化等反应在有机合成中的主要用途，这些反应在形成碳－杂原子键，碳－碳键，碳环和杂环等方面具有广泛的应用前景。讨论了这些反应的催化循环机制，区域稳定性，对映选择性，非对映选择性及其影响因素。     

新型碳材料在催化领域中的应用及进展

碳材料以其优异的性能和独特的结构,已成为国内外研究的热点,在催化领域中常被用作催化剂和催化剂载体,有效提高了贵金属的利用效率.同时,新型碳材料的兴起也不断吸引着人们的目光.我们综述了普通活性炭、富勒烯、碳纳米管和石墨烯在工业催化反应中的一些应用情况,综述了它们作为催化剂和载体在催化反应中的实际应用和研究进展,最后展望了碳材料在催化领域中的未来发展前景.     

Preparation and Utilization of Jute‐Derived Carbon: A Short Review

This article summarizes the preparation and applications of carbon derived from jute sticks and fibers that are low‐cost, widely available, renewable, and environmentally friendly. Both the fibers and sticks are considered ideal candidates of carbon preparation because they are composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin, and contain negligible ash content. Various carbon preparation methods including simple pyrolysis, pyrolysis with chemical and physical activations are discussed. The impacts of several parameters including types of activating agents, impregnation ratio, and temperature on their morphology, surface area, pore size, crystallinity, and surface functional groups are also emphasized. Various treatments to endow functionalization for increasing the practical applicability, such as chemical, physical, and physico‐chemical methods, are discussed. In addition, applications of jute‐derived carbon in various practical areas, including energy storage, water treatment, and sensors, are also highlighted in this report. Due to the porous fine structure and a large specific surface area, the jute‐derived carbon could be considered as a powerful candidate material for various industrial applications. Finally, possible future prospects of jute‐derived carbon for various applications are pointed out.     

Application of carbon fibers to biomaterials: a new era of nano-level control of carbon fibers after 30-years of development

Carbon fibers are state-of-the-art materials with properties that include being light weight, high strength, and chemically stable, and are applied in various fields including aeronautical science and space science. Investigation of applications of carbon fibers to biomaterials was started 30 or more years ago, and various products have been developed. Because the latest technological progress has realized nano-level control of carbon fibers, applications to biomaterials have also progressed to the age of nano-size. Carbon fibers with diameters in the nano-scale (carbon nanofibers) dramatically improve the functions of conventional biomaterials and make the development of new composite materials possible. Carbon nanofibers also open possibilities for new applications in regenerative medicine and cancer treatment. The first three-dimensional constructions with carbon nanofibers have been realized, and it has been found that the materials could be used as excellent scaffolding for bone tissue regeneration. In this critical review, we summarize the history of carbon fiber application to the biomaterials and describe future perspectives in the new age of nano-level control of carbon fibers (122 references).     

Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials Derived from Carbohydrates

A tremendous growth in the field of carbon nanomaterials has led to the emergence of carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, mesoporous carbon and more recently graphene. Some of these materials have found applications in electronics, sensors, catalysis, drug delivery, composites, and so forth. The high temperatures and hydrocarbon precursors involved in their synthesis usually yield highly inert graphitic surfaces. As some of the applications require functionalization of their inert graphitic surface with groups like ? COOH, ? OH, and ? NH₂, treatment of these materials in oxidizing agents and concentrated acids become inevitable. More recent works have involved using precursors like carbohydrates to produce carbon nanostructures rich in functional groups in a single‐step under hydrothermal conditions. These carbon nanostructures have already found many applications in composites, drug delivery, materials synthesis, and Li ion batteries. The review aims to highlight some of the recent developments in the application of carbohydrate derived carbon nanostructures and also provide an outlook of their future prospects.