含硫氨基酸的太赫兹光谱

利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术研究室温条件下多晶含硫氨基酸L-蛋氨酸(Met)和L-半胱氨酸(Cys)的光谱特性, 得到相应的吸收谱和折射率谱, 表明含硫氨基酸在THz波段具有区别于其它氨基酸的显著特征. 在实验测量的有效光谱范围0.2～2.8 THz内, L-蛋氨酸的THz吸收峰分别位于1.06, 1.88和2.70 THz; L-半胱氨酸的吸收峰分别位于1.40, 1.70, 2.33和2.61 THz, 两种氨基酸的平均折射率均为1.44. 利用GAUSSIAN 03软件包中的Hartree-Fock理论计算了蛋氨酸双分子的低频振动谱, 表明了与蛋氨酸各吸收峰对应的分子微观振动模式, 并对实验光谱进行了解析讨论.     

太赫兹光谱和密度泛函理论(DFT)分析呋喃妥因和尿素共晶体

利用太赫兹时域光谱(Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, THz-TDS)技术对呋喃妥因、尿素及其研磨和溶剂共晶体进行表征分析, 实验结果显示了呋喃妥因和尿素的研磨和溶剂共晶体位于0.85、1.23、1.60 THz的吸收峰明显区别于原料物质. 该结果表明太赫兹光谱技术可以有效鉴别呋喃妥因、尿素及其共晶体. 运用密度泛函理论(Density functional theory, DFT)对呋喃妥因和尿素共晶体的2种可能结构进行了结构优化和光谱模拟, 模拟结果显示其中的结构A在0.49、0.81、1.25、1.61 THz处具有吸收峰, 与实验结果较吻合. 推断共晶体氢键的形成位置为尿素中的氨基H6和呋喃妥因上的酰胺基O30, 该处形成第一处氢键, 而呋喃妥因的酰胺基H31和尿素上的羰基O1形成第二处氢键. 同时结合理论模拟结果对呋喃妥因和尿素共晶体分子振动模式进行归属.     

两种联苯酚类化合物的太赫兹时域光谱研究

利用太赫兹时域光谱技术获得了295 K时2,2′-二羟基联苯(2,2′-biphenol, 2BP)和4,4′-二羟基联苯(4,4′-biphenol, 4BP)在0.1~1.6 THz波段的光谱. 实验结果显示, 两种同分异构体在太赫兹频率范围内的吸收谱有显著的差异. 结合量子化学计算, 2BP中的两个羟基间能够形成分子内氢键, 在1.45 THz的运动模式初步判断为包含氢键在内的两个苯环的低频摆动.     

不同地区及仿真和田玉太赫兹光谱分析

利用太赫兹时域光谱技术对不同地区和田玉及其仿真品进行测量与分析,为不同地区的和田玉及真伪鉴别提供技术支撑。实验选取了新疆、韩国和青海三个不同产地的和田玉样品,同时选取了三种仿和田玉样品,在0.1~2.5THz频段进行太赫兹光谱数据采集。不同地区和田玉在太赫兹频段具有不同的特征吸收峰,并且每个样品在相对高频和低频的吸收量不同,随频率的增加,样品在相对低频处的折射率呈增加趋势,在高频处呈缓慢下降趋势,不同样品的变化趋势不同。仿真样品与和田玉在0.1~2.5 THz波段的吸收系数、折射率、相对介电常数相差很大。实验结果初步表明,用太赫兹波段的吸收系数和折射率来鉴别和田玉及仿真品是可行的,能够区分不同地区和田玉及仿真样品,该方法快速、便捷,能为市场监管提供有力技术支撑。     

铜L-色氨酸配合物的合成与表征

利用液相反应合成法制得了铜(Ⅱ)和L-色氨酸的配合物,结合元素分析、差示扫描量热与热重分析联用、粉末X射线衍射法以及红外光谱实验手段对该配合物进行表征。结果表明,1个铜离子能够与2个L-色氨酸分子通过侧链氨基上的氮原子和羧基上的氧原子配合,形成稳定的配合物。利用太赫兹时域光谱法获得了室温条件下铜-L-色氨酸配合物在低频波段的光谱特征,并结合密度泛函理论计算对太赫兹光谱进行分析。该配合物在太赫兹波段的吸收对应于分子整体的振动,涉及吲哚环和侧链的扭曲振动。研究结果有助于深入了解铜离子与氨基酸的相互作用,以及铜离子在复杂生物体中所起的作用。     

石墨烯分子振动模式因子群分析与密度泛函计算

运用因子群分析法对石墨烯的分子振动模式进行了理论分析,得到石墨烯的分子振动模式,计算出各振动模式的光谱特性.对所建立的石墨烯晶体的布拉维单胞模型采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理进行分子振动频率与模式的计算,所得的振动模式数目以及各振动频率的光谱特性同因子群分析方法所得结论一致.结合上述计算结果,通过系统比较石墨与石墨烯之间的红外光谱和拉曼光谱的差别,从理论上解释了具有D6h对称的石墨烯的A2u、E1u红外活性特征振动模式没有在红外光谱中出现的原因.     

太赫兹技术在药物化学研究领域中的应用*

太赫兹(THz)技术及其应用研究近些年发展迅速,许多研究表明该技术在国防安全、信息通信、材料、环境、化学和生物医学等领域有巨大的应用前景。本文就近年来利用太赫兹光谱和太赫兹成像技术在药物化学领域中的应用研究进行综述。介绍了太赫兹时域光谱技术（THz-TDS）在药物活性成分（Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, APIs）的检测、异构体的区分、药物的多晶型和假多晶型的鉴别以及混合物的定性与定量分析等方面取得的研究成果和进展;阐述了太赫兹成像技术在分析药物的物理化学性质和包衣膜厚度、密度、结构特性,以及监测产品的一致性和完整性方面的应用优势。此外,还介绍了太赫兹技术在药物动力学研究及药物生产过程分析中的创新性应用研究。     

腺嘌呤与富马酸共晶体的太赫兹光谱分析

利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术在室温下对腺嘌呤、富马酸及两者的共晶体进行测量, 实验结果显示腺嘌呤与富马酸共晶体在0.92、1.24、1.52 THz处有明显的吸收峰, 与腺嘌呤和富马酸不同, 表明共晶体物相结构不同于原料. 根据腺嘌呤分子氢键供体与受体的结构特点, 使用密度泛函理论(DFT)对腺嘌呤与富马酸三种可能的共晶体结构进行模拟. 结果显示其中一种可能的共晶体结构在0.89、1.16、1.41 THz处存在特征吸收峰, 与实验结果较好吻合. 由此判断腺嘌呤与富马酸共晶体氢键形成位置为腺嘌呤的氨基与富马酸其中一个羧酸的碳氧双键形成氢键, 而此羧酸的羟基与腺嘌呤六元环上的邻位氮原子形成第二处氢键. 本文还结合理论模拟的结果对腺嘌呤与富马酸共晶体的特征吸收峰对应的相关振动模式进行了归属.     

高性能和强扩展性的太赫兹时域光谱仪的研制

太赫兹波具有低能、宽带和独特的时域脉冲特性等特点,使其在材料物质科学领域具有着重要的应用价值.自主搭建了一套基于光电导天线的太赫兹时域光谱仪.从介绍光电导天线产生和探测太赫兹波的原理出发,重点阐述了太赫兹时域光谱仪的光路设计优化、搭建调试、功能拓展和应用实例分析,为自主研制高性能太赫兹时域光谱仪提供了方法和经验.     

太赫兹隐身及屏蔽材料研究进展

阐述了太赫兹隐身和屏蔽性能分析的计算模型, 并对几种典型的太赫兹隐身和屏蔽材料进行了综述和介绍, 指出了当前研究存在的问题以及今后的发展方向.     

Terahertz absorption of DNA decamer duplex

This work combines experimental and theoretical approaches to investigate terahertz absorption spectra of the DNA formed by the sequence oligomer 5'-CCGGCGCCGG-3'. The three-dimensional structure of this self-complimentary DNA decamer has been well-studied, permitting us to perform direct identification of the low-frequency phonon modes associated with specific conformation and to conduct comprehensive computer simulations. Two modeling techniques, normal-mode analysis and nanosecond molecular dynamics with explicit solvent molecules, were employed to extract the low-frequency vibrational modes based on which the absorption spectra were calculated. The absorption spectra of the DNA decamer in aqueous solution were measured in the frequency range 10-25 cm(-1) using the terahertz Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Multiple well-resolved and reproducible resonance modes were observed. When calculated and experimental spectra were compared, the spectrum based on molecular dynamics simulations showed a better correlation with the experimental spectra than the one based on normal-mode analysis. These results demonstrate that there exist a considerable number of active low-frequency phonon modes in this short DNA duplex.     

Angle-dependent terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of amino acid single crystals

The measurement of absorption spectra using angle-dependent terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy for amino acid single crystals of l-cysteine and l-histidine is reported for the first time. Linearly polarized THz radiation enables us to observe angle-dependent far-infrared absorption spectra of amino acid single crystals and determine the direction of the oscillating dipole of the molecules in the 20-100 cm(-1) range. By comparing the THz spectra of a single crystal and powder, we found that there was a clear hydrogen-bond peak in the crystal spectrum as a result of the larger hydrogen-bond network. The low-temperature THz spectra of amino acid microcrystals showed more intermolecular vibrational modes than those measured at room temperature. An ab initio frequency calculation of a single amino acid molecule was used to predict the intramolecular vibrational modes. The validity of the calculation models was confirmed by comparing the results with experimentally obtained data in the Raman spectral region.     

Vibrational spectra of copper sulfate hydrates investigated with low-temperature Raman spectroscopy and terahertz time domain spectroscopy

In this paper, the vibrational spectra of copper sulfate hydrates (CuSO(4)·xH(2)O, x = 5, 3, 1, 0) have been investigated with low-temperature Raman spectroscopy and terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). It is found that the four groups of Raman bands between 90 and 4000 cm(-1) can be assigned to lattice vibration as well as intramolecular vibrations of a copper complex, sulfate group, and water molecules. The variation of vibrational spectra during the dehydrated process are discussed in detail considering the transformation of the crystal structure, especially the bands between 3000 and 3500 cm(-1), which are attributed to the ν(1) and ν(3) modes of water molecules. In addition, as a complement of Raman spectra, the THz spectra at 0.1-3 THz indicate the absorption due to the low-frequency lattice vibration and hydrogen bond.     

Terahertz time-domain and Raman spectroscopy of the sulfur-containing peptide dimers: Low-frequency markers of disulfide bridges

The terahertz time-domain and Raman spectra of sulfur-containing cystein-based peptides in the region of the low-frequency infrared vibrations have been measured at room temperature. The low-frequency bands that can be assigned to the S–S bridges are observed. The vibrational modes found in molecular crystalline materials should be described as phonon modes with strong coupling to the intra molecular vibrations.     

蒽醌及其衍生物的THz时域光谱研究

利用太赫兹(terahertz,THz)时域光谱技术室温下进行了蒽醌及其衍生物2_甲基蒽醌、蒽醌_2_磺酸钠、蒽醌_2,6_二磺酸钠、蒽醌_2,7_二磺酸钠在10～55cm-1(0.3～1.65THz)频谱范围内的光谱测量。结果表明,蒽醌及其衍生物在此波段有不同的吸收特征,它们的吸收可能是由于晶格振动引起的。THz时域光谱不仅能够鉴别分子结构存在微小差别的化合物而且还能鉴别同分异构体。     

THz spectroscopic investigation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene

We have investigated the terahertz (THz) spectrum of 2,4-DNT by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the 0.2–19.5 THz region. We also examined low-frequency intermolecular or phonon modes between 0.2 and 1.8 THz via THz time-domain spectroscopy. The extracted absorption coefficient and refractive index of an intermolecular band at 1.08 THz are 110 cm⁻¹ and 1.67, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) was applied to obtain structure and vibrational frequencies of 2,4-DNT. The calculated results are in agreement with the experimental data. Observed vibrational frequencies have been interpreted using DFT. Two intermolecular or phonon modes were identified at 1.08 and 2.52 THz.     

Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy of Naphthalene and Naphthols

Low-energy vibrational modes have been investigated in polycrystalline naphthalene and its derivatives naphthols using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) over the frequency range from 17 to 73 cm^–1 (0.5–2.2 THz) at room temperature. We propose that naphthalene and naphthols show spectral features originating from intermolecular vibrational modes. Because of the collective origin of the observed modes, the absorption spectra are highly sensitive to the overall structure and configuration of the molecules, as well as their environments. For light-sensitive materials, the THz-TDS procedure can avoid effects like photobleaching.     

Raman spectroscopy under high pressures and DFT calculations of the amino acid l-glutamine

l-glutamine crystal was obtained by the slow evaporation method and its crystallographic structure was verified by X-ray diffraction experiments and the Rietveld method. The vibrational modes of l-glutamine were investigated through Raman spectroscopy and the normal modes were obtained using the Density Functional Theory with the B3LYP functional and set of bases 6-31G++(d, p). With such approach, it was possible to make a theoretical-experimental comparison of the results obtained and to furnish a more precise assignment of the normal modes. The crystal was submitted to high pressure conditions and the Raman spectra between 3055 and 40 cm⁻¹ were recorded for pressures up to 6.1 GPa in a diamond anvil cell. This study allowed us to understand that the crystal undergoes a reversible structural phase transition around 4.0 GPa, characterized mainly by spectral changes in the region of the external modes.     

Vibrational spectra of anhydrous and monohydrated caffeine and theophylline molecules and crystals

Density functional theory and classical molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the vibrational spectra of caffeine and theophylline anhydrous and monohydrate molecules and those of their crystalline anhydrous and monohydrated states, with emphasis in the terahertz region of the spectra. To better understand the influence of water in the monohydrate crystal spectra, we analyze the vibrational spectra of water monomer, dimer, tetramer, and pentamer, and also those of liquid water at two different temperatures. In small water clusters, we observe the progressive addition of translational and librational modes to the terahertz region of the spectra. The water spectra predicted by rigid and flexible water models is examined with classical molecular dynamics, and the respective peaks, especially in the terahertz region, are compared with those found in the small clusters. Similar analysis done for caffeine and theophylline monohydrate molecules using density functional theory clearly shows the presence of water modes in the librational states and in the water stretching region. Molecular dynamics of caffeine and theophylline anhydrous and monohydrate crystals reveal the influence of vibrations from the molecule-molecule (caffeine or theophylline) crystal stacks and those from the water-molecule interactions found in the monohydrate molecules and new modes from molecule-molecule, water-molecule, and water-water hydrogen bonding interactions arising from collective effects in the crystal structure. Findings illustrate challenges of terahertz technology for the detection of specific substances in condensed phases.