介孔分子筛SBA-15作为高效液相色谱固定相分离维生素E

以三嵌段共聚物P123聚环氧乙烷-聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷(PEO-PPO-PEO)为模板,在强酸性(1.6mol/L HCl)条件下,水热合成了棒状二维六方有序介孔材料SBA-15.粒径棒长约1～1.5μm,直径为400～500nm,平均孔径5.8nm,BET比表面积799㎡/g.并用合成的SBA-15作为正相高效液相...     

有机/无机复合介孔膜的合成及其生物酶吸附行为研究

以正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)为硅源、三嵌段共聚物(F127)为表面活性剂, 聚碳酸酯膜为硬模板, 并采用抽滤法在聚碳酸酯膜内的亚微米级孔道中组装介孔氧化硅从而制备出有机(聚碳酸酯)/无机(介孔氧化硅)复合介孔膜. 通过扫描电镜、能量分散光谱以及透射电镜等实验表征了该有机/无机复合介孔膜的组成、结构及形貌. 研究结果表明: 通过该方法可以在聚碳酸酯膜内孔道中形成长度为9 μm、直径为200 nm的一维氧化硅棒状材料, 且该棒状材料具有无序蠕虫状和有序体心立方的混合介孔结构, 有序体心立方介孔的平均孔径约为8.5 nm. 另外, 初步考察了该复合介孔膜对生物酶的物理吸附行为, 结果表明其对肌红蛋白酶的单位吸附负载量为5.85 mg/g.     

功能化有序介孔碳对重金属离子Cu(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)的选择性吸附行为

以三嵌段共聚物F127为模板剂,酚醛树脂为碳源,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,三组分共组装合成介孔碳-氧化硅纳米复合物,再经HF去除氧化硅,得到有序介孔碳(OMC).X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、低温N2吸脱附(BET)等测试表明,所得样品具有高度有序的介孔结构,比表面积和孔容分别为1330m2·g-1和2.13cm3·g-1,平均孔径6.4nm.对其先氧化、后氯化、再胺化,得到不同胺基接枝量的胺化介孔碳(C-NH2(m),m为加入的乙二胺的质量(g)).傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱表征结果证实,胺基官能团成功接枝到有序介孔碳表面.TEM测试表明介孔碳的有序孔道结构得到了较好的保持.以有序介孔碳、胺化介孔碳作吸附剂对Cu(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)进行选择性吸附研究.结果表明:功能化修饰前,样品对Cu(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)饱和吸附量分别为213.33、241.55mg·g-1;修饰后饱和吸附量可分别达到495.05、68.21mg·g-1.功能化介孔碳表现了较强的选择性吸附Cu(Ⅱ)的能力.     

杂化介孔分子筛HMS的合成与表征

以十六胺(HDA)为模板剂,通过正硅酸乙酯和硅烷偶联剂一步法合成了杂化介孔分子筛HMS,并通过XRD、N2吸脱附、FT-IR、TG、SEM等手段对其进行结构表征.结果表明合成的材料具有良好有序的介孔结构、大的孔径(≈2.04.0 nm)和比表面积(>600 m2g-1),接近球形颗粒,尺寸在0.51μm之间.     

第三次纳米自组装制备大孔主客体催化材料

本文提出了第三次纳米自组装的正向胶束、反向胶束法,并利用其制备了一种大孔主客体催化材料．以二次纳米自组装Al2O3为主体,根据压汞法,正向胶束法制备的催化材料孔容为0．62～0．80cm^3／g、比表面积为123～137mZ／g、平均孔径为20～23．3nm,孔径分布大于30nm范围的可达58．69％,堆积密度为0．43—0．55g／cm^3,活性金属负载量可达36．99％;由氮气吸附法,反向胶柬法制备的催化材料具有0．74cm^3／g的孔容、262m2／g的比表面积、11．8nm的平均孔径．结果显示,活性金属以球形或棒状的结晶态存在于主体表面,其中,正向胶束法中为直径2-3nm的微晶态纳米粒子,反向胶束法中为直径0．1μm、长1-2．5μm的棒状体．采用催化裂化柴油和催化裂化重循环油（1：2,体积比）混合而得油品对FA．Z20进行50h加氢评价实验,其单位体积活性金属的脱硫率、脱氮率、脱芳烃率（四环、五环）分别为参比剂的4．6、2．1和4．7倍,初活性良好,具有较强的抗结焦性能．     

氨基表面功能化的有序介孔杂合材料的一步法合成及其对重金属离子和CO2的吸附特性

以F127为表面活性剂,通过(4-氨基-1-羟基亚丁基)二膦酸单钠盐三水合物与TiCl4一步法缩合反应制得有序介孔杂合材料.通过TEM图像可观察到所制备的材料具有六方有序介孔结构,氮气吸附分析测得其比表面积高达420m2 g-1,孔径分布均匀,最可几孔径为6.9 nm.FT-IR和MAS NMR表明有机官能团进入介孔材料骨架中.由于所合成的材料表面含有丰富的氨基官能团,可以与诸如Hg2+,Pb2+和Cd2+等重金属离子发生络合作用,所以这种杂合材料可以作为一种优秀的离子吸附剂,其吸附行为可归属于Langmuir吸附类型.同时,由于该材料中含氨基和羟基官能团,对CO2的捕获有较大贡献,测试得知CO2吸附量可达2.47 mmol g-1,并具有高稳定性和选择性.     

聚乙烯亚胺小孔壳聚糖的研制及吸附性能

对壳聚糖致孔剂致孔、交联及胺化条件进行了优化,以聚乙烯亚胺为胺化剂,制备了一种新型的锥孔、高胺含量壳聚糖(PEI-CTS)树脂.树脂胺含量为8.61mmol/g,粒径分布范围100μm～200μm,耐酸性强.电镜照片显示小孔属不透孔.BET测得其平均孔径为35nm,颗粒比表面1.03m2/g.同时研究了树脂对Cu2 、Ni2 的吸附,结果显示溶液pH=5.0时树脂的吸附能力最强,其饱和吸附量分别为1.71mmol/g和0.718mmol/g,且多次再生吸附量改变不大.     

原位法棒状有序介孔碳的制备及表征

采用原位模板法(软模板),以可溶性酚醛树脂(苯酚-甲醛)为碳源、三嵌段共聚物(F127)为结构导向剂、水热合成了形貌可控制的棒状有序介孔碳.利用XRD、TEM、N_2吸附-脱附法和拉曼光谱法等方法对材料的结构和形貌进行表征.结果表明,当水热温度180℃时,所合成的有序介孔碳具有明显的棒状形貌,而且良好的有序度,比表面积较大,长度均为400~500nm.     

NPE在有序介孔炭上的吸附行为研究

采用有序介孔硅为硬模板制备了具有不同孔径的有序介孔炭(OMCs). 氮气吸附测试表明, 有序介孔炭具有丰富的介孔表面和集中的介孔分布. 以壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPE)为探针分子, 研究了大分子酚类在有序介孔炭上的吸附行为. 吸附研究表明, NPE在有序介孔炭上的吸附满足Langmuir吸附模型. 孔结构分析表明, 大于1.5 nm的孔的表面积是决定NPE吸附量的关键因素, 而有序介孔炭的最可几孔径决定吸附速率的大小. 与吸附量相比, 吸附速率更容易受环境温度的影响. 动力学研究表明, NPE在有序介孔炭上的吸附满足准二级动力学方程.     

NPE在有序介孔炭上的吸附行为研究

采用有序介孔硅为硬模板制备了具有不同孔径的有序介孔炭(OMCs). 氮气吸附测试表明, 有序介孔炭具有丰富的介孔表面和集中的介孔分布. 以壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚(NPE)为探针分子, 研究了大分子酚类在有序介孔炭上的吸附行为. 吸附研究表明, NPE在有序介孔炭上的吸附满足Langmuir吸附模型. 孔结构分析表明, 大于1.5 nm的孔的表面积是决定NPE吸附量的关键因素, 而有序介孔炭的最可几孔径决定吸附速率的大小. 与吸附量相比, 吸附速率更容易受环境温度的影响. 动力学研究表明, NPE在有序介孔炭上的吸附满足准二级动力学方程.     

RNA as multitude/RNA as one

In the configurations formed by RNA and its ions there are structural possibilities not yet realized; some are hinted at in new work on the binding of an amino acid analog.     

A photoactivated trans-diammine platinum complex as cytotoxic as cisplatin

The synthesis and X-ray structure (as the tetrahydrate) of the platinum(IV) complex trans,trans,trans-[Pt(N(3))(2)(OH)(2)(NH(3))(2)] 3 are described and its photochemistry and photobiology are compared with those of the cis isomer cis,trans,cis-[Pt(N(3))(2)(OH)(2)(NH(3))(2)] 4. Complexes 4 and 3 are potential precursors of the anticancer drug cisplatin and its inactive trans isomer transplatin, respectively. The trans complex 3 is octahedral, contains almost linear azide ligands, and adopts a layer structure with extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The intense azide-to-platinum(IV) charge-transfer band of complex 3 (285 nm; epsilon=19 500 M(-1) cm(-1)) is more intense and bathochromically shifted relative to that of the cis isomer 4. In contrast to transplatin, complex 3 rapidly formed a platinum(II) bis(5'-guanosine monophosphate) (5'-GMP) adduct when irradiated with UVA light, and did not react in the dark. Complexes 3 and 4 were non-toxic to human skin cells (keratinocytes) in the dark, but were as cytotoxic as cisplatin on irradiation for a short time (50 min). Damage to the DNA of these cells was detected by using the "comet" assay. Both trans- and cis-diammine platinum(IV) diazide complexes therefore have potential as photochemotherapeutic agents.     

光调控分子有序聚集体及其功能化研究进展

双亲分子在溶液中可以缔合形成胶束、囊泡、液晶、乳液等有序分子聚集体。在分子中引入功能性的基团,通过改变分子的结构、浓度或引入外部刺激,可以对有序分子聚集体的类型和性能进行调控。光作为一种绿色可控的清洁能源,是一种理想的外部刺激信号。在双亲分子中引入感光基团,可以通过光照调节有序聚集体的组装,并进一步实现功能性的调控。本文综述了近年来在光调控分子有序聚集体方面的研究及其在生物、传导、纳米材料制备中的应用。同时,对光调控的功能性有序分子聚集体未来的发展前景进行了展望。     

Fluoroarylphosphines as ligands

This short review concentrates on important aspects of fluoroarylphosphines, in particular their synthesis, ligand properties and chemical and catalytic properties of their complexes. Although the electronic, steric and chemical properties of fluoroarylphosphines have been known for 30 years, their use as ligands for homogeneous catalysis and in the synthesis of elaborate multidentate ligands has occurred more recently. The number of recent reports suggests that their importance is growing.     

Resorcinarenes as templates

Metal ions are superb at templating the synthesis of small macrocycles that are decorated with Lewis basic sites. However, for the synthesis of larger macrocycles, or the synthesis of macrocycles devoid of an array of Lewis basic sites, metal ions are less useful. Here we demonstrate that resorcinarenes can be used as templates to engender the efficient formation of large crown ethers. A three step process of 1). tethering moieties to the template, 2). linking those moieties, and 3). then cleaving off the template leads to the efficient formation of a family of aromatic crown ethers. If adaptable, this approach will prove useful for the construction of macrocycles that are hard to obtain from a step-wise synthesis.     

Nanoparticles as macromolecules

A review of recent trends in the dispersion, purification, and assembly of colloidal nanoparticles highlights a number of growing analogies with ideas borrowed from polymer science. Beyond the similar scales of size, several key concepts lying at the foundation of polymer physics—such as polydispersity, fractionation, phase ordering, and viscoelasticity—are taking on new and unique significance in the contemporary realm of nanotechnology. Leveraging “soft matter” at the nanoscale to simplify materials processing and improve material performance is becoming a reality, with potentially profound implications for a number of emerging technologies. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym. Phys. 2013 , 51, 1195–1208     

Alcohols as petrochemicals

Efficient processes have been developed in recent years for the large-scale manufacture of alcohols from petrochemicals. These allow production of aliphatic alcohols both with short and with long alkyl groups more economically than was previously possible by fermentation. In this paper the most important principles and the technical execution of the hydration of olefins, the air oxidation of paraffins, and especially the synthesis reactions (e.g. the catalytic hydroformylation of olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen according to Roelen, the Reppe synthesis, and the Ziegler growth reaction with ethylene and triethylaluminum) are described.     

A highly water-soluble disulfonated tetrazolium salt as a chromogenic indicator for NADH as well as cell viability

A highly water soluble disulfonated tetrazolium salt, 4-[3-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio]-1,3-benzene disulfonate sodium salt, was synthesized. The compound is reduced by NADH in good yields at neutral pHs in the presence of 1-methoxy PMS to produce the corresponding formazan dye that absorbs at 460 nm. The formazan is soluble to water at concentrations higher than 0.1 M. The tetrazolium salt thus proved to be useful as a sensitive chromogenic indicator for NADH. It is also applicable to cell proliferation assays as a cell viability indicator.