富勒烯作为模板剂的碗烯基分子笼构筑的自组装

设计合成了四吡啶基取代的碗烯衍生物COPY2.通过核磁研究表明,在模板分子C_(60)或C_(70)存在下,配体COPY2与金属钯分别在室温和55℃下通过自组装形成1∶1分子笼络合物C_(60/70)?COPY2-Pd.当络合物C_(60)?COPY2-Pd与C_(70)等物质的量混合或者络合物C_(70)?COPY2-Pd与C_(60)等物质的量混合于90℃加热48h后,络合物C_(60)?COPY2-Pd与C_(70)?COPY2-Pd的比例均为4∶1.将配体COPY2与Pd(CH_3CN)_2Cl_2加入等物质的量C_(60)和C_(70)混合物中加热平衡后,络合物C_(60)?COPY2-Pd与C_(70)?COPY2-Pd的比例同样为4∶1.当C_(60)和C_(70)的比例为2∶1时,体系中只生成络合物C_(60)?COPY2-Pd;而当C_(60)和C_(70)的比例为1∶2时,平衡后络合物C_(60)?COPY2-Pd与C_(70)?COPY2-Pd的比例为3.3∶1.这些结果表明,配体COPY2在金属钯存在时对C_(60)络合能力强于C_(70)的络合能力.加入DMAP能够实现络合物解离,释放笼内富勒烯并回收COPY2.因此,配体COPY2可应用于室温下对C_(60)的富集.     

C60Pt(BINAP)金属配合物的合成表征与光电性能研究

本文利用配体取代法合成了C60Pt(BINAP)新型富勒烯膦金属配合物,采用质谱、元素分析、紫外.可见吸收光谱、红外吸收光谱、光电子能谱等对该产物进行了表征,并测定了其在光化学电池中的光伏效应.光伏效应测试结果表明:在BQ/H2Q与I2/I3-介质溶液中镀层厚度为1～2μm时,具有较好的光电转换性能,光生电压值最高达358 mV.     

四种新型D-A化合物的合成与光电性能研究

合成了H2Po-C70, H2Pp-C70, ZnPo-C70和ZnPp-C70 4种新型的D-A化合物; 通过紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外光谱、质谱和元素分析等多种手段对其进行了表征. 在光电化学电池中, 在GaAs电极上测量了这4种D-A化合物的光伏效应(PVE). 研究结果表明, H2P-C70/GaAs和ZnP-C70/GaAs电极的光生电压(ΔV)和光生电流(ΔI)比单纯的GaAs电极大得多, 据此能够确定这4种D-A化合物具有优良的光电性能.     

MP-C60(M=Zn,Cu,Co)化合物的合成、表征及光电转换性能研究

采用1,3-偶极环加成反应,合成了共价键连卟啉-富勒烯配体(H2P-C60)及配合物MP-C60(M=Zn,Cu,Co)。利用红外光谱、元素分析、紫外-可见光谱、核磁共振氢谱及质谱等手段对产物进行表征。同时对产物的光电转换性能进行了研究。光伏效应结果表明,产物具有优良的光电转换性能。尤其在O2/H2O介质电对中,光生电压值最大可达到195mV,镀层厚度在1μm时,光伏效应值最大。     

光电化学催化中的富勒烯基材料：机理及应用

光催化和电化学催化在现代清洁能源转化中发挥了无可替代的作用。[60]富勒烯(C_(60))材料因其独特的结构与性能而被广泛用于各类光电催化剂的开发中,并取得了令人瞩目的成果。我们简介了C_(60)的基本性质以及富勒烯基(包括C_(60)笼外衍生物和衍生碳材料)光电催化剂的制备方法,综述了C_(60)及其衍生材料在光催化和电化学催化领域中的研究进展,就其在光电化学催化应用中所起到的主要作用、工作机理以及优化策略进行了讨论。并对C_(60)基催化剂发展中的主要问题与挑战进行了总结和展望。     

富勒烯C60-多芳胺类衍生物选择性加成反应的研究

多芳胺是良好的电子给体,富勒烯C60作为电子受体的光诱导分子内和分子间电荷转移现象[1,2]引起人们普遍关注,尤其是设计合成长寿命电荷分离态的富勒烯C60-多芳胺基类衍生物研究[3,4]是热点课题之一.由于聚吡咯/聚芳胺的氧化还原电位较低[5],我们设想包含吡咯/芳胺给体的富勒烯C60衍生物能延长电荷分离态的寿命.本文用1,3-偶极环加成反应[6]对富勒烯C60与多芳胺化合物的选择性加成反应进行了研究,在不同条件下得到了单加成产物和三加成产物,用FAB-MS,UV-vis,IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,HPLC等方法确定了其分子结构.并且利用半经验AM1量子化学方法在理论上研究了它们的优化构型(如图1)、电子结构,结果表明,富勒烯C60-多芳胺基类衍生物的前沿轨道主要由富勒烯C60部分决定,富勒烯C60母体与功能化基团三苯胺基之间存在较强的分子内电荷转移,这为富勒烯C60衍生物作为光电分子器件材料的应用提供了理论和实验依据.     

富勒吡咯及其N-氧化物对双卟啉荧光的萃灭研究

本文合成了新型的亚苯基桥连双卟啉化合物（1~4）和富勒吡咯化合物(C₆₀-m, C₆₀-h) 以及它们的N-氧化物(C₆₀-mo, C₆₀-ho)。通过稳态荧光光谱研究了在甲苯溶液中富勒吡咯及其N-氧化物对双卟啉化合物的荧光萃灭作用。通过稳态荧光光谱滴定法测定了双卟啉化合物和富勒烯衍生物之间的荧光萃灭常数并发现：富勒吡咯化合物的荧光萃灭能力随引入富勒烯表面功能基团数目的减少而降低: C₆₀-h>C₆₀-m > C₆₀，并且发现富勒吡咯烷-N-氧化物对双卟啉的荧光萃灭能力比相应的富勒吡咯化合物增长了大约1.3~7.4倍。这些结果都说明通过改变富勒烯表面的功能基团可以调控双卟啉和富勒烯衍生物之间的光电子转移效率。     

双(二苯基膦戊烷)富勒烯合铂配合物的合成及光电性能

采用配体取代法合成了以双二苯基膦戊烷（dpppe）及C60为配体、Pt为中心金属的C60Pt(dpppe)新型富勒烯膦金属配合物。 运用质谱、元素分析、紫外-可见吸收光谱、红外吸收光谱和光电子能谱等测试技术对产物进行了表征,同时采用循环伏安法对目标产物进行氧化还原性能研究。 结果表明,C60与金属Pt配位后还原电位发生负移。 结合电子光谱数据确定了目标产物的能级结构,其最高占有轨道和最低非占轨道能级分别为5.635和3.815 eV。 还考察了目标产物在光化学电池中的光伏效应,测试结果表明,在 BQ/H2Q介质溶液中镀层厚度为 1~2 μm 时,具有较好的光电转换性能,光生电压值最高达358 mV。     

富勒烯（C_(60)/C_(70)）与三苯基胺间的光诱导电子转移过程研究

用激光光解方法研究了富勒烯（C_(60)/C_(70)）与三苯基胺（TPA）间的光诱 导电子转移过程。在近红外区,观测到TPA阴离子自由基,富勒烯（C_(60)/C_(70) ）激发三线态和阴离子自由基。在苯腈溶液中,利用瞬态谱测定了电子从TPA转移 到富勒烯（C_(60)/C_(70)）激发三线态的量子转化产率（Φ_(et)）和电子转移常 数（k_(et)）。     

[60]富勒烯衍生物的对称性、碳笼结构与C NMR谱

本文全面综述了多种[60]富勒烯衍生物的结构,阐述了(13)~C NMR谱在[60]富勒烯衍生物结构表征中的应用,重点讨论了不同对称性[60]富勒烯衍生物的(13)~C NMR谱图特征.通过[60]富勒烯部分(13)~C共振线的化学位移、数目和相对强度,可以确定[60]富勒烯衍生物的对称结构和加成方式.对于C_s、C_(2v)和C_(3v)对称性的[60]富勒烯衍生物,镜面上的碳原子的相对化学位移很大程度上取决于他们距加成位置的距离.因此,(13)~C NMR谱在碳笼具体结构的确定中具有不可替代的作用.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.