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手性主体分子对外消旋体中的两种对映体同时进行手性识别形成络合物,这种络合方式称为杂络合。非外消旋客体手性化合物可以通过杂络合策略实现对映体完全歧化,分别获得单一对映体和外消旋体。杂络合这种手性识别的新方式为光学纯手性化合物的高效分离提供了一条新思路。 相似文献
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对甲基苯胺经甲基化、甲酰化得到5,N,N-三甲基-2-氨基苯甲醛;对L-亮氨酸经酯化、格氏反应得到二齿手性氨基醇.二齿手性氨基醇与上述醛经缩合、还原反应,得到三齿手性氨基醇.产物结构经IR,MS和1H NMR等进行了表征;通过改变主客体的浓度及手性羧酸的纯度,运用1H NMR分别考察了主体二齿手性氨基醇、三齿手性氨基醇对客体布洛芬和扁桃酸对映异构体的手性识别能力.结果表明:当主客体物质的量之比为1:1时,三齿手性氨基醇对布洛芬消旋体的a位甲基质子及扁桃酸消旋体的a位质子分别产生11.2和9.2 Hz的化学位移差值. 相似文献
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手性和手性物质的重要性已不言而喻,手性药物的开发也已成为主要发展趋势,但目前仍有部分手性药物以消旋体的形式出售和使用。如何合理、有效地使用这些消旋体药物,一直是值得深入研究的课题。对映体选择性释放将手性拆分和控释两个概念结合于一体,有望为消旋体药物的使用提供新的途径。基于本课题组的研究,本文综述了近年来对映体选择性释放研究领域所取得的主要进展。为便于讨论,本文根据构成药物控释载体的手性分子或结构(手性因素),将手性药物释放体系分为有机材料(水凝胶和粒子等)、无机材料和分子印迹材料等控释体系。关于对映体选择性释放以及释放过程中的对映选择性作用的研究,可进一步提升我们对于手性、手性物质和手性作用的认识。 相似文献
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头孢噻吩手性对映体高效毛细管电泳分离 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
1 引 言头孢噻吩为第二代头孢菌素 ,对革兰氏阴性菌有较强的抗菌作用 ,且具有高度抗 β 内酰胺酶性质 ,可用于治疗敏感菌所致的尿路感染、呼吸道感染、腹膜炎、败血症、心内膜炎、皮肤和软组织感染等。但有胃肠道反应、白细胞减少、转氨酶升高、氮质血症和肾功能减退等副作用。目前国内使用的头孢噻吩对映体为含有两种对映异构体的外消旋体的混合物。对于头孢噻吩手性对映体高效毛细管电泳手性分离未见文献报道。因此 ,研究它们的手性分离不仅为此类手性药物提供了一种新的手性分离分析方法 ,而且对了解它们的药理作用、药效以及在临床… 相似文献
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应用自制的有机化合物结构解析专家系统ESESOC, 对与28个外消旋类化合物(特殊的氨基酸)分子手性中心有关的对称性问题进行了判别, 如对称面、对称点和对称轴等. 同时用的开发的程序对这些化合物的构型进行了自动识别和标示. 在此基础上, 以手性拓扑指数为参数, 利用Fisher意义下的分析和人工神经网络法, 对这些化合物的对映体进行了高效液相色谱分离中先后淋洗出的的对映体进行分类判别. 结果表明, 人工神经网络法优于Fisher意义下的判别分析. 相似文献
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利用分子力学方法, 建立了苯基甘氨酸型手性固定相Chirex 3001的简化模型, 并探讨了手性固定相Chirex 3001与安息香和联萘酚及其类似物的识别机制. 模拟结果表明, 固定相主体与手性客体分子识别作用的推动力主要来自于它们之间的π-π堆积、氢键和范德华等作用. 主体与(S)-构型的客体1~3结合能力强于(R)-构型的客体, 而对于客体4~6, 则是与(R)-构型的结合强于(S)-构型, 这与高效液相色谱拆分实验结果相符. 客体1~3对映体在Chirex 3001柱上的分离因子分别为1.02, 1.04和1.11, (R)-构型先被洗脱; 客体4~6对映体的分离因子分别为1.23, 1.26和1.09, (S)-构型先被洗脱. 相似文献
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寡糖对甲基苯甲酸酯手性固定相在高效液相色谱中的应用 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
将葡萄糖、麦芽糖、纤维二糖、棉子糖、乳糖的对甲基苯甲酸酯经过3异氰酸丙基三乙氧基硅烷键合到硅胶上作为高效液相色谱的手性固定相,以V(正己烷):V(异丙醇)=90:10为流动相,对16种外消旋体化合物进行了拆分.结果表明,D(+)葡萄糖对甲基苯甲酸酯、麦芽糖对甲基苯甲酸酯、纤维二糖对甲基苯甲酸酯、棉子糖对甲基苯甲酸酯和乳糖对甲基苯甲酸酯手性分离柱分别分开了8、6、10、4、5对外消旋体化合物,并且这些手性固定相之间还具有好的手性识别互补性。在高效液相色谱中寡糖有望成为一类新型的手性固定相. 相似文献
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利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。 相似文献
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V. I. Bol'shakova L. I. Demenkova É. N. Shmidt V. A. Pentegova 《Chemistry of Natural Compounds》1989,24(6):691-694
The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988. 相似文献
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由于石化行业的生产需要,其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性,经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识,根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集,实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展,并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。 相似文献
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Mustafa R. Ibrahim Zacharia A. Fataftah Paul von Ragu Schleyer Peter D. Stout 《Journal of computational chemistry》1987,8(8):1131-1138
Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases. 相似文献
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V. I. Bol'shakova L. I. Demenkova É. N. Shmidt V. A. Pentegova 《Chemistry of Natural Compounds》1988,24(6):691-694
The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae. 相似文献
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Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin
E. I. Kapinus V. A. Ganzha B. M. Dzhagarov E. I. Sagun V. B. Pavlenko 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》1989,25(2):146-151
The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989. 相似文献
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The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted
indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator
model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was
established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing
analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom.
Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997. 相似文献