壳核型磁性纳米纤维素微球的超声制备及表征

A kind of cellulose magnetic nanoparticle with a core / shell structure has been prepared by ultrasonic irradiation. Cellulose acts as the shell while Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles take the role as the core. Magnetic force microscopy（MFM）with atomic force microscopy（AFM）measurement showed that the size of the magnetic nanoparticles is about 30-50 nm in diameter,while the Fe3O4 core is about 20-30 nm. FT-IR,XRD and MFM was used to provide the chemical and magnetic information of the nanoparticles. The MFM image showed that the nanoparticles separate very well with each other,indicating the cellulose shell produces a good prevention from the aggregation of the Fe3O4 particles. MFM studies also showed two magnetic nanoparticles can form particle-pairs,indicating a weak magneto-dipole interaction between magnetic nanoparticles. It is also found that the average sizes of magnetic nanoparticles have relation to the power of ultrasonic irradiation,and the possible mechanism is discussed.     

Fabrication of ordered metallic and magnetic heterostructured DNA-Nanoparticle hybrids

Here we provide a method based on enzymatically catalyzed reactions to cleave and ligate DNA molecules coated with nanoparticles to fabricate multi-component structures. This is done by simultaneously digesting two solutions of nanoparticle coated DNA, one with iron oxide particles the other gold particles, which yields short DNA fragments with complementary single stranded overhangs. When added together and re-attached using ligase enzymes multi-component nanoparticle coated structures are formed providing a novel method to fabricate complicated nanoparticle arrangements from the bottom up. We evaluated the fabrication by characterizing the samples with gel electrophoresis and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The electrophoresis provides proof that the coated DNA molecules were digested with restriction enzymes and ligated by the T4 ligase enzymes. MFM experiments allow us to visualize the multi-component strands and analyze the magnetic versus metallic segments.     

Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子-氧化石墨烯复合材料的可控制备及结构与性能表征

首先利用高温分解法制备了粒径为18 nm的Fe₃O₄磁性纳米粒子, 并进行羧基化修饰, 然后与聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)化学修饰的氧化石墨烯进行交联反应, 得到磁功能化的氧化石墨烯(MGO)复合材料. 研究了氧化石墨烯片上的磁性纳米粒子的可控负载及其对复合材料磁性能的影响. 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM), 原子力显微镜(AFM), X射线衍射(XRD), 傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱, 热重分析(TGA), 振荡样品磁强计(VSM)等手段对MGO复合材料的形貌, 结构和磁性能进行了表征. 结果表明, 我们发展的MGO复合材料的制备方法具有简单、可控的优点, 所制备的MGO复合材料具有较高的超顺磁性. 该类磁性氧化石墨烯复合材料有望在磁靶向药物、基因输运、磁共振造影以及磁介导的生物分离和去除环境污染物等领域获得广泛的应用.     

Atomic force microscopy and magnetic force microscopy study of model colloids

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is used to study the size, shape, and polydispersity of a variety of magnetic and nonmagnetic model colloids, previously imaged by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) only. Both height and phase images are analyzed and special attention is given to 3D morphology and softness of particles, as well as structures and presence of secondary components in the colloid, difficult to investigate with TEM. Several methods of tip characterization followed by deconvolution were applied in order to improve the accuracy of lateral diameter determination. In the case of magnetite particles dispersed in conventional ferrofluids, we explore both experimentally and theoretically the possibility of using magnetic force microscopy (MFM). We propose and discuss several models which allow to estimate the magnetic moment of a single domain superparamagnetic sphere using MFM, which cannot be done with other techniques; alternatively the tip magnetization can be determined.     

链霉亲和素-异硫氰酸荧光素偶联核壳型Fe_3O_4/Au纳米晶的合成及性质

采用改进的Polyol合成法,以PEO-PPO-PEO为表面活性剂制备了链霉亲和素-异硫氰酸荧光素偶联的Fe3O4/Au纳米粒子;利用透射电镜和X射线衍射仪分析证实了Fe3O4/Au的核壳型纳米结构,确定了其粒径和分布;采用紫外-可见吸收光谱仪和荧光光谱仪测定了所制备的纳米粒子的光学活性和荧光特性,并采用振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量了其磁化率.结果表明,所制备的Fe3O4/Au纳米粒子具有光学活性和荧光特性,以及优异的磁性.     

Electrocatalytic and magnetic properties of ultrathin nanostructured iron-melanin films on Au(111)

We have prepared ultrathin, nanostructured melanin films on Au(111) by means of electrochemical self-assembly. These films were characterized by using Auger electron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, magnetic force microscopy, and electrochemical techniques. Two types of nanostructures are present in the film: melanin nanoparticles and Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles. The melanin nanoparticles contain Fe bonded to oxygen-containing phenolic groups in an octahedral configuration similar to that found in Fe(2)O(3). The inorganic-organic composite exhibits magnetic properties and catalyzes the electroreduction of hydrogen peroxide in alkaline and neutral electrolyte solutions. The electrocatalytic activity depends on the Fe-bound melanin and appears to be similar to that found for Fe-porphyrins.     

Preparation and characterization of cross-linked β-cyclodextrin polymer/Fe_3O_4 composite nanoparticles with core-shell structures

Cross-linkedβ-cyclodextrin polymer/Fe₃O₄ composite nanoparticles with core-shell structures were prepared via cross linking reaction on the surface of carboxymethylβ-cyclodextrin（CM-β-CD） modified Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles inβ-cyclodextrin alkaline solution by using epichlorohydrin as crosslinking agent.The morphology,structure and magnetic properties of the prepared composite nanoparticles were investigated by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）,Fourier transform infrared（FTIR） spectrometry,X-ray diffraction（XRD） measurement,thermogravimetric analysis（TGA） and Vibrating sample magnetometry （VSM）,respectively.     

Intracellular spatial control of fluorescent magnetic nanoparticles

We report a facile intracellular manipulation of fluorescent magnetic Fe3O4-CdSe nanoparticles using magnetic force. The growth of CdSe quantum dots on Fe3O4 nanoparticles produces Fe3O4-CdSe nanoparticles with two distinct properties, fluorescence and superparamagnetism. After nonspecific surface modification using glutathione (GSH), the hydrophilic Fe3O4-CdSe@GSH nanoparticles can be easily uptaken by an HEK293T cell line. Confocal images indicate that the uptaken nanoparticles can be manipulated using a small magnet. The successful intracellular manipulation of magnetic nanoparticles may offer a new strategy for studying polarized cells.     

Periodic inclusion of room-temperature-ferromagnetic metal phosphide nanoparticles in carbon nanotubes

We demonstrate the use of sequential catalytic growth to encapsulate iron, nickel-iron, and iron-cobalt phosphide catalyst nanoparticles periodically along the entire lengths of carbon nanotubes. Investigations by local electron spectroscopies and electron diffraction reveal the compositions and crystal structures of the encapsulated particles. Significantly, high spatial resolution magnetic characterization using magnetic force microscopy and off-axis electron holography demonstrates that encapsulated iron-cobalt phosphide nanoparticles are ferromagnetic at room temperature, in accordance with the properties of bulk metal phosphides of the same structure and composition.     

Thermal activated energy transfer between luminescent states of Mn2+-doped ZnTe nanoparticles embedded in a glass matrix

Zn(1-x)Mn(x)Te nanocrystals (NCs), at various concentrations x, were successfully grown in a host glass matrix by the fusion method after appropriate annealing. Growth of these NCs was evidenced by optical absorption (OA), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), magnetic force microscopy (MFM) and photoluminescence (PL) measurements. From the room temperature OA spectra, it was possible to observe the formation of two well defined, different sized groups of NCs, one attributed to quantum dots (QDs) and the other to bulk-like nanocrystals (NCs). XRD results have confirmed that the cubic zincblend structure of nanoparticles is not altered by the substitutional incorporation of Mn(2+) ions into the ZnTe NCs. MFM images supported the OA spectra results and thus provided additional confirmation of the formation of Zn(1-x)Mn(x)Te magnetic nanoparticles in the host glass matrix. The two groups of NCs were also observed in the PL spectra as well as deep defects attributed to the presence of oxygen centers in the electronic structure of the Zn(1-x)Mn(x)Te NCs. Strong agreement between the fitting model, based on rate equation, and experimental PL intensity data at different temperatures demonstrates that this model adequately describes the energy transfer processes between the NCs and the defects of the Zn(1-x)Mn(x)Te system at different temperatures.     

Fe3O4/Polypyrrole/Au nanocomposites with core/shell/shell structure: synthesis, characterization, and their electrochemical properties

Uniform Fe3O4 nanospheres with a diameter of 100 nm were rapidly prepared using a microwave solvothermal method. Then Fe304/polypyrrole (PPy) composite nanospheres with well-defined core/shell structures were obtained through chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of Fe3O4; the average thickness of the coating shell was about 25 nm. Furthermore, by means of electrostatic interactions, plentiful gold nanoparticles with a diameter of 15 nm were assembled on the surface of Fe3O4/PPy to get Fe3O4/PPy/Au core/shell/shell structure. The morphology, structure, and composition of the products were characterized by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The resultant nanocomposites not only have the magnetism of Fe3O4 nanoparticles that make the nanocomposites easily controlled by an external magnetic field but also have the good conductivity and excellent electrochemical and catalytic properties of PPy and Au nanoparticles. Furthermore, the nanocomposites showed excellent electrocatalytic activities to biospecies such as ascorbic acid (AA).     

Carrier dynamics in the luminescent states of Cd(1-x)Mn(x)S nanoparticles: effects of temperature and x-concentration

Optical absorption (OA), magnetic force microscopy (MFM), and photoluminescence (PL) measurements were employed to study Cd(1-x)Mn(x)S nanoparticles (NPs), grown in a glass matrix, at different x-concentrations. The formation of two well defined groups of NPs with different sizes was detected by OA spectra at room temperature and confirmed by MFM images, from which they were identified as quantum dots (QDs) and bulk-like nanocrystals (NCs). Emissions from luminescent states were observed in the temperature dependent PL spectra of both groups of NPs, including those from deep defects which were attributed to the presence of divacancies (V(Cd)-V(S)) in the hexagonal wurtzite structure. Furthermore, we have come up with a model based on rate equations that describes energy transfers involving the excitonic states of QDs, the conduction band of bulk-like NCs, and the shallow virtual levels of NPs. This model was used to fit the integrated PL intensity of the corresponding NP groups, and a good agreement between them confirms that the model suitably describes the temperature dependent carrier dynamics of Cd(1-x)Mn(x)S NPs.     

Circular Dichroism Study of the Mechanism of Formation of DNA Templated Nanowires

In order to control the fabrication method, the mechanism used in the formation of DNA templated nanowires is investigated through circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Metallic (Au) and magnetic (Fe₂O₃ and CoFe₂O₄) nanoparticles (NP) are aligned along the DNA strand at various mass ratios. The DNA templated nanowires are compared to the structure of B‐form dsDNA through CD experiments. Absorbance and thermal melting tests are performed to verify the structural changes of DNA templated nanowires. Low concentrations of nanoparticles preserve the DNA B‐form through electrostatic interactions. Conversely, at higher concentrations of nanoparticles aligned along the DNA strand, the template is denatured. Information on the mode of nanoparticle binding and DNA helix alterations are explored for metallic and magnetic nanowires based upon the results.     

单分散双相可溶四氧化三铁纳米微粒的多醇法制备及磁性

以具有生物相容性的三嵌段共聚物聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯为表面活性剂,利用多醇合成法制备了Fe3O4纳米微粒;采用X射线粉末衍射仪、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪及透射电子显微镜分析了Fe3O4纳米微粒的晶体结构、化学结构及显微结构,采用振动样品磁强计测定了其磁性能.结果表明,所制得的Fe3O4磁性纳米微粒结晶度高,在室温下显示近似超顺磁性.采用Langevin方程对Fe3O4纳米微粒的磁滞回线进行拟合,结果显示其为磁性单畴.此外,Fe3O4磁性纳米微粒在无机和有机溶剂中均具有很好的分散性,显示出广阔的应用前景.     

Preparation of surface plasmon resonance biosensor based on magnetic core/shell Fe3O4/SiO2 and Fe3O4/Ag/SiO2 nanoparticles

In this paper, surface plasmon resonance biosensors based on magnetic core/shell Fe(3)O(4)/SiO(2) and Fe(3)O(4)/Ag/SiO(2) nanoparticles were developed for immunoassay. With Fe(3)O(4) and Fe(3)O(4)/Ag nanoparticles being used as seeding materials, Fe(3)O(4)/SiO(2) and Fe(3)O(4)/Ag/SiO(2) nanoparticles were formed by hydrolysis of tetraethyl orthosilicate. The aldehyde group functionalized magnetic nanoparticles provide organic functionality for bioconjugation. The products were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electronic microscopy (TEM), FTIR and UV-vis absorption spectrometry. The magnetic nanoparticles possess the unique superparamagnetism property, exceptional optical properties and good compatibilities, and could be used as immobilization matrix for goat anti-rabbit IgG. The magnetic nanoparticles can be easily immobilized on the surface of SPR biosensor chip by a magnetic pillar. The effects of Fe(3)O(4)/SiO(2) and Fe(3)O(4)/Ag/SiO(2) nanoparticles on the sensitivity of SPR biosensors were also investigated. As a result, the SPR biosensors based on Fe(3)O(4)/SiO(2) nanoparticles and Fe(3)O(4)/Ag/SiO(2) nanoparticles exhibit a response for rabbit IgG in the concentration range of 1.25-20.00 μg ml(-1) and 0.30-20.00 μg ml(-1), respectively.     

Synthesis of dandelion-like three-dimensional nickel nanostructures via solvothermal route

The objectives of the present research are synthesizing three-dimensional （3D） nickel nanostructures and investigating their magnetic properties. Thus a template-free method was used to prepare 3D dandelion-like nickel nanostructures via reducing of nickel chloride with hydrazine hydrate in ethylene glycol solution at 100 ℃. The resulting Ni nanostructures were characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and selected-area electron diffraction （SAED）. And the magnetic properties of the 3D Ni nanostructures were measured as well. Results indicated that solvothermal process could be successfully used to prepare 3D dandelion-like nanostructures of Ni at a relatively mild temperature of 100℃. And the conclusions were made as follows： as-prepared Ni samples had obvious shape anisotropy and were composed of fine nanocrystallites, while they had significantly enhanced ferromagnetic properties than bulk Ni and Ni nanoparticles.     

ZnCo2O4纳米粒子的可见光催化性能

研究了共沉淀分解法制备的ZnCo₂O₄纳米粒子的光学和可见光催化性能,并对其晶体结构和微观结构用X射线衍射、热重/差热分析、透射电镜和高分辨透射电镜等手段进行了表征.结果表明,制备的纳米粒子为纯相的ZnCO₂O₄,平均粒径约为10-20 nm.紫外-可见吸收光谱估计出ZnCo₂O₄纳米粒子的能带隙为3.39和2.09 eV.可见光（λ>420 nm）照射下,纳米粒子表现出降解亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化活性.ZnCo₂O₄纳米粒子的光催化活性可以归结为紫外和可见光下纳米粒子吸收光子（能量大于能带隙）的能力,以及它们的纳米尺寸,基于实验结果,本文提出了ZnCO₂O₄可能的能带结构.     

Controlled syntheses of polythiophene nanoparticles with plain and hollow nanostructures templated from unimolecular micelles

Polythiophene nanoparticles (PTNs), as one of the typical conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) with novel optical and electronic properties have won extensive attentions, especially their applications in electronics and bioimaging. However, PTNs obtained with traditional methods are usually nonuniform or unstable. Herein, we developed a novel method to prepare uniform and stable PTNs templated from star‐like unimolecular micelles. Cyclodextrin‐cored unimolecular micelles with tailored components were prepared through atom transfer radical polymerization, and PTNs with plain or hollow nanostructures can be obtained via crosslinking the suspended thiophene units in designed domain of unimolecular micelles. The unimolecular micelles and PTNs were characterized via nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet–visible, and photoluminescence, indicating that the PTNs exhibit uniform size, controllable surface chemistry, and well‐defined nanostructures. The obtained PTNs have potential applications in optics, electronics, and bioimaging. Also, this provides a new way to synthesize CPNs with tailored sizes, nanostructures, and surface chemistry. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 1550–1555     

Ordered mesoporous Fe2O3 with crystalline walls

Alpha-Fe(2)O(3) has been synthesized with an ordered mesoporous structure and crystalline walls that exhibit a near-single crystal-like order. The unique magnetic behavior of the material, distinct from bulk nanoparticles of alpha-Fe(2)O(3) or mesoporous Fe(2)O(3) with disordered walls, has been established. Magnetic susceptibility, M?ssbauer, and neutron diffraction data show that the material possesses the same long-range magnetic order as bulk alpha-Fe(2)O(3), despite the wall thickness being less than the 8 nm limit below which magnetic ordering breaks down in nanoparticulate alpha-Fe(2)O(3), yet the Morin transition of bulk alpha-Fe(2)O(3) is absent. It is also shown by TEM, PXRD, and EXAFS that alpha-Fe(2)O(3) with the same ordered mesoporous structure but disordered walls contains small crystalline domains. M?ssbauer and magnetic susceptibility data demonstrate that this material exhibits no long-range magnetic order but superparamagnetic behavior.     

羧基化核壳磁性纳米Fe3O4吸附剂的制备及对Cu2+吸附性能

在以共沉淀法制备的磁性纳米Fe3O4粒子(Magnetic nanoparticles, MNP)表面进行了化学修饰, 制备了一种新型富含羧基功能团的核壳磁性纳米吸附剂(Carboxylic functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles, CMNP). 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 X射线衍射仪(XRD)、 X射线能量色散谱(EDS)、 振动样品磁强计(VSM)、 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FIIR)和热重分析仪(TGA)对CMNP的形貌、 结构、 化学组成和磁性能进行了表征, 并考察了吸附剂对Cu2+的吸附性能, 研究了溶液pH值、 吸附时间和Cu2+初始浓度对吸附性能的影响. 结果表明, 羧基化核壳磁性纳米Fe3O4颗粒的平均粒径为15 nm, 具有良好的超顺磁性, 饱和磁化强度为41.84 A·m2/kg, 在10 min中内可达到吸附平衡, 在pH=7.0时吸附量最高, 吸附等温数据符合Langmuir模型, 饱和吸附量qm= 43.48 mg/g.