几种稀土盐对NH4Cl溶液中锌电极腐蚀的影响

几种稀土盐对ＮＨ４Ｃｌ溶液中锌电极腐蚀的影响＊张校刚王田芳夏熙＊＊（新疆大学化学系电化学研究室乌鲁木齐８３００４６）关键词无汞Ｚｎ／ＭｎＯ２干电池锌阳极稀土缓蚀剂中图分类号Ｏ６４６．５４锌广泛地用作一次和二次电池的阳极材料。但是锌锰电池在搁置期间存在...     

阳极型缓蚀剂在锌－锰干电池中的应用

锌锰干电池存放时容量下降主要是锌负极腐蚀(自放电)引起的.为保证电池一定的工作性能和储存寿命,长期以来沿用的办法是在电液中加入适量汞盐,通过锌表面的汞齐化使析氢过电位提高,以抑制锌的腐蚀.     

无汞锌锰干电池反应机理的探讨

无汞锌锰干电池反应机理的探讨张述林李敏娇（四川轻化工学院科研处自贡６４３０３３）关键词络合离子配位体机理中图分类号Ｏ６４６在电解液中加入ＰｂＣｌ２、聚乙二醇能有效地抑制锌腐蚀，用ＰｂＣｌ２、聚乙二醇及其混合物替代ＨｇＣｌ２装配电池，对电池性能进行检测...     

电解液组分对锌镍电池负极自放电的影响

随着石油资源的日益紧张及燃油汽车对环境污染的日趋严重，用电池作动力的电动汽车受到各国政府的高度重视。锌镍电池以其优异^11的电气性能、原材料丰富、成本低等特点，是未来电动车车辆主要的候选电池。但锌负极充放电循环过程中存在枝晶、形变、钝化、自放电（腐蚀析氢）等问题，解决前两者的关键是抑制放电产物锌酸盐在电解液中的溶解。为此，人们提出了两种有效的电解液体系。     

扣式电池进出口将实施汞含量专项检测

进出口锌－氧化银、锌－空气、锌－二氧化锰扣式电池（下称扣式电池）将于7月1日起实施汞含量专项检测。     

高氢过电位材料Zn-In合金电化学性能的研究

在碱性电池元汞化的研究中，与传统的碱性锌锰电池负极集流体镀锡相比，镀铟铜钉能有效抑制析氢，减少电池负极的自放电损失。铟在空气和碱性环境中非常稳定，而且析氢过电位更高；与其他高氢过电位材料(如铅、铊)相比，铟对环境的污染小。考虑到铟价格较高，单纯镀铟会增加电池的生产成本，我们尝试通过电镀快速在集流体铜钉上制得一层锌铟合金，用价格较低的锌部分取代铟，并对此合金的电化学性能作了初步的研究。     

家用废弃干电池重金属浸出性探究

为了探究废旧干电池的浸出毒性,利用蒸馏水对2种破碎程度(1%和100%)的某品牌碱性干电池进行了分级浸取研究,对浸出液分别进行了汞、镉、铅、锌的测定。结果表明此品牌电池在实验条件下,汞未检出,但镉、铅、锌均可以检出,而且浸出液中的Zn浓度超过了污水综合排放标准。目前已有废旧电池回收利用技术,建议从我做起,积极分类回收废旧电池。     

添加剂对干荷电式锌空气电池锌电极电性能的影响

1．引言 锌空气电池具有容量大、比能量高、成本低、放电电压平稳等优点，是一种具有巨大市场前景的化学电源。目前锌空气电池大多使用多孔气体扩散电极作为正极，传统锌膏作为负极，因而都存在着自放电率高、电解液碳酸化、失水或者吸潮、爬碱漏夜等技术难题。这些技术难题制约着锌空气电池的实用化和发展。而实际使用前才加电解液的干荷电式锌空气电池可有望解决上述难题。     

锌电极电化学行为Ⅵ.锌粉在碱性电解液中的电化学腐蚀

锌电极是广泛使用于一次和二次电池中的阳极材料. 在二次电池中主要是以锌粉作为电极材料. 长期以来,由于锌粉电极在充放电过程中发生形变和枝晶生长等^[1],致使它组成的二 次电池循环寿命差. 为了研究锌粉在碱性电解液中的腐蚀行为,人们通常是使用锌盘电极来模拟锌粉的情况^[2]. 但是锌盘与锌粉不同. 为此,我们采用电解沉积锌粉于锌盘电极上,制成 粉状电极研究锌粉在碱性溶液中的腐蚀行为及一些非离子型有机缓蚀剂对锌粉的缓蚀作用     

客体预嵌策略提升水系锌离子电池正极材料电化学性能

随着人们对电子通讯器件、新能源汽车以及电网级储能技术的需求日益增长,开发安全、高效且兼具环保、低成本等优点的二次电池显得至关重要。近年来,水系锌离子电池因其高安全性、高容量、低成本以及环境友好等优点受到了广泛关注。在与锌负极相匹配的众多正极材料中,具有多电子转移特性的钒基和锰基材料表现出了广阔的应用前景。然而这些正极材料在电池循环过程通常面临着结构坍塌、组分溶解、衍生副反应、反应动力学缓慢等问题,严重制约了其商业化进程。近年来,大量研究表明,客体离子或分子预嵌正极宿主结构可以有效缓解上述问题,提升水系锌离子电池正极材料的电化学性能。本文综述了客体预嵌策略应用于水系锌离子电池钒、锰基正极材料的研究进展,对该策略所解决的问题以及其局限性进行了讨论和总结,并对未来水系锌离子电池钒基和锰基正极材料的研究发展方向进行了展望。     

Modeling of corrosion inhibition of copper-nickel alloy in hydrochloric acid by benzotriazole

The corrosion inhibition of copper-nickel alloy by benzotriazole (BTA) in 1.5 M HCl has been investigated by weight loss and polarization techniques at different temperatures. Maximum value of inhibitor efficiency was 99.8% at 35°C and 0.1 M inhibitor concentration, while the lower value was 86.3% at 65°C and 0.02 M inhibitor concentration. The activation energy values were higher in presence of BTA which indicate that in presence of inhibitor, corrosion reaction requires more energy to occur. Two mathematical models were used to represent the weight loss corrosion rate data with high correlation coefficients. Electrochemical polarization measurements showed that BTA is a mixed type inhibitor.     

乌洛托品对模拟汽车冷却液中镁合金的缓蚀作用

镁合金具有高比强度、比刚度以及良好的铸造性、切削性、抗冲击减震性、导热性、无毒性和可回收性等优点,被认为是汽车工业中极好的铝合金及有色金属替代品[1]。用镁合金制造汽车部件,特别是发动机等大重量部件,可以大大减轻车身重量,进而降低能源消耗和废气污染。但是由于镁合     

AZ91D镁合金上钼改性锌系磷化膜的制备、 结构及性能

采用在磷化液中添加钼酸钠及腐蚀抑制剂的方法, 在AZ91D 镁合金表面上制备了均匀细致的锌系复合磷化膜. 用XRD对膜层的化学组成及结构进行了表征,用SEM和EDS对膜层的形貌和组分含量进行分析. 结果表明, 磷化膜主要由Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O和单质Zn组成. 在磷化液中加入钼酸钠使磷化膜组织更加细致而且无裂纹. 磷化液中的钼酸钠含量为1.5 g/L时, 磷化膜的结晶最致密, 单质锌的含量最高, 耐蚀性最好. 还提出了一种快速测量镁合金表面膜层耐蚀性的试验方法, 同时对镁合金上的磷化反应的机理进行了探讨.     

Corrosion inhibition of ammonium molybdate for AA6061 alloy in NaCl solution and its synergistic effect with calcium gluconate

The corrosion inhibition of ammonium heltamolybdate (AH) and calcium gluconate (CG) for AA6061 alloy in 3% NaCl solution was investigated by the electrochemical measurements. It indicates that AH inhibits the corrosion of AA6061 alloy and acts as an anodic inhibitor. Maximum inhibition efficiency reaches 74.3% at the concentration of 1 × 10^?4 mol.l^?1 AH. The results of the electrochemical studies reveal AH is physically adsorbed on the AA6061 alloy surface and the adsorption follows Langmuir isotherm. The combination of AH and CG enhances the inhibition efficiency to 95.9%. The enhanced inhibition is attributed to the promotion of AH adsorption by CG. The mixture of AH and CG is a mixed‐type inhibitor and renders the corrosion potential to more positive values. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

钨酸盐对镁合金在3.5%NaCl介质中的缓蚀作用

研究钨酸钠对AZ61镁合金在3.5%NaC l腐蚀介质中的缓蚀作用.电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、Tafel极化曲线、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等测试表明,钨酸钠缓蚀剂可有效抑制镁合金在NaC l介质中的腐蚀,当钨酸钠浓度为0.01 mol.L-1可达到较好的缓蚀效果,缓蚀效率达75.5%.钨酸钠可参与镁合金表面膜的形成,使表面膜更致密,从而抑制镁合金的腐蚀;其缓蚀作用属于阳极抑制型缓蚀机理.     

Effect of variation of the structure of amino acids on inhibition of the corrosion of low-alloy steel in ammoniated citric acid solutions

Potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the new technique electrochemical frequency modulation were used to study the effect of the different structures of three amino acids (tryptophan, tyrosine, and serine) on inhibition of the corrosion of ASTM A213 grade T22 low-alloy steel in ammoniated citric acid solutions. The effects on corrosion inhibition of inhibitor concentration, temperature, and stirring velocity were studied. Thermodynamic data for corrosion and adsorption were calculated and are discussed. The results obtained from the different techniques reveal that the efficiency of inhibition follows the sequence: tryptophan > tyrosine > serine. Inhibition occurs as a result of adsorption of inhibitor molecules by the alloy surface. Adsorption of the inhibitors is a good fit with the Temkin isotherm model.     

Effect of hyamine on electrochemical behaviour of brass alloy in HNO3 solution

The electrochemical behaviours of a brass alloy in 0.1 M nitric acid, including the hyamine inhibitor with concentrations between 2.5 × 10^?4 M and 1.0 × 10^?5 M, were studied. For this purpose, potentiodynamic polarisation, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear polarisation resistance (LPR) techniques, and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) were utilised. The inhibitor molecules adsorbed on the brass surface were calculated to be in good agreement with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the standard free enthalpy of adsorption (??G _ads ^° ). Hyamine effectively improved the corrosion inhibition of brass and acted as a mixed-type inhibitor on alloy surfaces. The surface morphology of the alloy was also clarified by optical microscopic and SEM techniques. A theoretical study of the corrosion inhibition efficiency of hyamine molecule was carried out using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) basis set level.     

Stearate as a green corrosion inhibitor of magnesium alloy ZE41 in sulfate medium

The efficiency of stearate as a corrosion inhibitor for magnesium alloy ZE41 has been studied in sodium sulfate medium, employing electrochemical techniques like potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results of polarization study imply that stearate functions as a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor with a predominant anodic control. The adsorption of stearate on alloy surface is found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The proposed inhibition mechanism involved adsorption of stearate onto metal surface, followed by precipitation of magnesium stearate within the microdefects of Mg(OH)₂ surface film which enhanced the barrier effect of an otherwise porous partially protective film.     

Active protective Al–Ce alloy coating electrodeposited from ionic liquid

The electrochemical co-deposition of Al–Ce metallic protective coating with active inhibiting effect was performed for the first time using an ionic liquid as an electrolyte. Cerium was successfully co-deposited with aluminium on surface of Pt and AA2024 aluminium alloy forming uniform films with globular micro-structure and thickness up to 75 μm.Cerium was introduced into the aluminium coating as a potential corrosion inhibitor which can be liberated during sacrificial dissolution of the galvanic layer deposited on the alloy surface. The released inhibitor provides an additional active corrosion protection slowing down the corrosion processes in the defects.     

The influence of the inhibitor particle sizes to the corrosion properties of hybrid sol–gel coatings

The influence of the inhibitor particle size (nano and micro cerium dioxide) embedded in several hybrid sol–gel coating systems for the corrosion protection of aluminium AA2024 alloy was studied, as well as the influence of other parameters like the inhibitor loading level and the method of reticulation. The properties of the obtained coatings were evaluated by means of transmission electron microscopy, accelerated salt spray test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. All the varied parameters proved to have an important influence on the corrosion mechanism, and an improvement induced by the use of nanometric inhibitors in comparison with the micrometric ones was demonstrated. In the case of the strong reticulated matrix, an inhomogeneous dispersion of the inhibiting species (micro inhibitor) favours the tension formation, making the coating more vulnerable to the corrosion attack. For the same doping level it was observed that the reticulation with 1-methylimidazole (MI) leads to a slightly better corrosion protection. Concomitantly, it was shown that high loadings with inhibitors have an adverse effect on the corrosion protection.