ML-7对动脉粥样硬化兔肝脏微量元素含量的影响

探讨实验性动脉粥样硬化兔肝脏组织中Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb、Cd和Se含量的变化。高脂饮食复制兔动脉粥样硬化模型,然后给予ML-7建立治疗组模型,获取肝脏,微波消解样品,采用原子吸收光谱法测定肝脏组织中Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb和Cd的含量。原子荧光光谱法测定肝脏组织中Se的含量。高脂组肝脏组织Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb、Cd和Se含量分别为86.09、277.1、11.07、5.366 mg/kg、115.2、286.0、210.5μg/kg,2.139 mg/kg,治疗组肝脏组织Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb、Cd和Se含量分别为82.10、273.5、9.072、5.824 mg/kg、102.5、273.6、224.6μg/kg,2.511 mg/kg。经过ML-7治疗后,Zn/Cu、Mn、Se含量升高,Cu含量下降,Fe、Cr、Pb和Cd基本不变。     

微波消解-火焰原子吸收法测定垃圾焚烧飞灰中的金属含量

采用NHO3＋HF＋H2O2体系微波消解垃圾焚烧飞灰,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定金属Cu,Fe,Pb,Ni,Mn,Cr和Cd的含量。结果表明,飞灰中Cu质量分数为0．8927mg／g,Pb质量分数为1．8490mg／g,Ni质量分数为0．1523mg／g,Mn质量分数为1．1033mg/g,Fe质量分数为86．4517mg／g,Cr质量分数为0．3667mg／g,Cd质量分数为0．0581mg／g。铁的检测限为3．9041mg／L,其它元素均小于1mg／L,加标回收率在98．0％-108．0％之间。RSD〈4．0％。该法简便快速,具有较好的准确度和精密度,测定结果为处理垃圾焚烧所产生的飞灰提供了理论依据。     

原子荧光光谱法测定褪黑素治疗组兔肝脏硒含量

为探讨褪黑素对实验性动脉粥样硬化兔肝脏组织中硒含量的影响,用高脂饮食复制兔动脉粥样硬化,然后给予褪黑素建立治疗组模型,获取肝脏,用硝酸、过氧化氢混合液微波消解样品,采用原子荧光光谱法测定肝脏组织中硒的含量。结果表明,正常组、高脂组和褪黑素治疗组硒在肝脏组织中质量分数分别为3.31、2.14和1.34 mg/kg。提示给予褪黑素治疗后,褪黑素治疗组的硒平均含量比高脂组的平均含量降低37.4%,所以褪黑素对肝脏硒的吸收具有明显的抑制作用。     

猪、兔、羊、鸡肝脏中必需微量元素和脂肪酸含量的比较研究

以猪、兔、羊、鸡的肝脏为材料,利用高频电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测定了其微量元素Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn的含量,新极谱仪测定了Se的含量,气相色谱仪测定了必需脂肪酸亚油酸(C反18：2)和γ-亚麻酸(Cγ-18：3)的含量。结果表明,Fe在所测五种微量元素中含量最高,Zn其次,Se最低。四种动物肝脏中,兔肝的Zn、Fe、Se含量(鲜重)最高．分别为34．00μg/g,151．70μg/g和0.14μg/g;羊肝的Cu含量(鲜重)最高,为65．72μg/g;鸡肝的Mn含量(鲜重)最高,为1．94μg/g。此外,在所测定的两种必需脂肪酸中,兔肝的亚油酸含量(鲜重)最高,为24．08％;鸡肝中γ-亚麻酸含量最高,为1．08％。结果提示,在选用动物肝脏作为营养素源和制备保健品时,应考虑微量元素和必需脂肪酸的含量特点,有效利用其营养价值。     

定南县废弃稀土矿区优势植物中5种重金属元素含量的测定

目的通过对赣南定南县某废弃稀土矿区生长的植物样品中5种重金属元素Cu、Mn、Cd、Pb和Cr的含量进行测定。方法采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定样品中Cu、Mn、Cd含量,采用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定了样品中Pb和Cr的含量。结果在植物样品中,Mn含量最高的是芒萁(1 081.305 mg/kg);含Cd最高的是山鸡椒(0.716 mg/kg),Pb、Cu、Cr的含量未超过植物正常值。结论山鸡椒和芒萁可分别作为废弃稀土矿区Mn和Cd元素理想的植物修复备选植物。     

耐高盐碱蓬对湿地土壤中金属元素的富集特征研究

基于秦皇岛滨海湿地人工种植耐高盐碱蓬修复工程试验,通过分析湿地土壤沉积物及耐高盐碱蓬中不同金属元素的含量与变化,研究了耐高盐碱蓬对金属元素的富集特征。结果显示:湿地沉积物中Fe、Mn、Cr、Pb和Zn的浓度较高,分别为8 210. 94、110. 04、8. 78、8. 25、10. 95 mg/kg,Cd的浓度最低,平均值为0. 022 mg/kg,湿地试验区土壤中同一金属元素变异程度较小,分布较均匀。碱蓬体内重金属含量根据采集地点的不同有差异,但与各站位中土壤的重金属分布特征存在正相关性;其中碱蓬内Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu的平均含量相对较高,且Fe、Mn、Ni、Cu、As、Cd、Pb元素在碱蓬根中的平均含量高于茎叶,而Cr在茎中的平均含量最高,Zn和Mo在叶中的含量最高。碱蓬的根、茎、叶对Cd的富集效果最好,其次为Mo、Cu,对Fe、Mn、Zn、As和Pb的富集效果相对较差,说明碱蓬对沉积物中不同金属元素的富集移出率存在差异。金属元素在碱蓬中的转移系数研究表明,Mo、Zn、Cd和Mn等元素可由根部转移到叶中,而Fe、Ni、Pb、As和Cu等金属元素固定在根部,该研究可为利用碱蓬修复湿地重金属污染提供理论基础。     

青藏高原多年冻土区高寒草甸植物群落主要植物化学元素含量特征

分析了青藏高原北麓河地区29种高寒植物15个元素含量的特征。结果表明,这些植物中元素平均含量>400μg/g的元素有Ca,Mg,Na,K,Fe,10～100μg/g的有Mn,Cr,Zn,Cu,<10μg/g的有Ni,Co,As,Pb,Cd,Hg;种间同种元素的含量变化规律不统一。相关性分析表明,Cu与Cd,Fe与Cd和Hg,Cr与Ni,Co和Mg极显著正相关,Cr和Ca极显著负相关;聚类分析表明,Na,As元素对本区植物聚类的影响最大,莎草科、禾本科、菊科科内植物元素含量相似。     

肺癌组织中微量元素的研究

用ICP等离子体发射光谱法测定了肺癌组织中Cd、Cr、Co、Mg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr、Ti、Se、Al、Ba、Zn、Fe、Cu、Be等16种微量元素古量。结果显示．与同侧无癌肺叶组织相比较，肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织中Cr、Cu和Mg含量均显著升高．Cd、Mn和Zn含量均显著降低。两型肺癌组织中Cd、Fe和Ba3种元素音量之间存在明显差异．而两型肺癌的同侧无癌肺叶组织的微量元素含量之间除Cd外均无明显差异。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定汉中石韦中微量元素含量

应用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了汉中石韦中Fe、Cu、Zn、Mn共4种微量元素的含量。结果表明,汉中石韦中含有丰富的Fe（12．91μg／g）、Cu（32．12μg／g）、Nn（22．45μg／g）、Zn（72．84μg／g）等人体必需的微量元素,精密度不大于3．24％,回收率在93．5～106．2％之间。方法可靠,准确。     

微波消解ICP-AES法同时测定蒙药新-Ⅱ中多种微量元素及Ca/Mg,Cu/Zn比值的分析

采用微波消解ICP—AES法同时测定蒙药新-Ⅱ中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Ni、Mn、Cu、Pb等15种微量元素，并对蒙药新-Ⅱ中Ca／Mg，Cu／Zn比值进行了初步的分析。结果表明，蒙药新-Ⅱ中含有多种微量元素，其中人体有益的微量元素Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Ni、Zn、Mn的量相对高，即Ca〉Mg〉Fe〉Mn〉Zn〉Ni〉Cu，而人体有害微量元素Cd、Pb、Ag的量相对较低，Ca／Mg和Cu／Zn比值分别为4．1760、0．6077。加标回收率在97．5％～105．5％之间，相对标准偏差RSD≤2．7％，检出限≤0．008μg／mL。     

原子吸收光谱法测定皇冠草地上部分的7种微量元素

采用原子吸收光谱法测定了皇冠草地上部分所含微量元素铜、锰、锌、铁、镉、铅、铬.结果表明,皇冠草地上部分含有较丰富的铜、锰、锌、铁,RSD≤4.23％(n=4),加标回收率99.20％～103.00％.     

Multielemental Analysis of Human Serum by Dynamic Reaction Cell–Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

The selection of the most suitable dilution methods for determination of trace elements in human serum using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is reported. The trace elements were Al, V, Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sn, Tl, and Pb. The performance of various dilution methods was assessed by precision, linearity, detection limits, quantification limits, fortified recoveries, and the analysis of reference materials. The results demonstrate that diluted solution containing only nitric acid is most suitable for As, Cr, Mn, and Co in serum. Dilute solutions containing nitric acid and Triton X-100 were most appropriate for Cu, Zn, Cd, and Tl. The optimum conditions for Al, V, Mn, Fe, Cr, Co, Sn, and Pb used tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide, Triton X-100, and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid.     

The decomposition of oils and fats in a stream of oxygen for the determination of trace elements

For the determination of Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Cd, Hg and Pb at μg g^-1 and ng g^-1 levels in oils and fats by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (a.a.s.), the sample is burnt in a stream of pure oxygen in a special combustion apparatus (Trace-O-Mat). Volatile elements are condensed on a cold finger cooled with liquid nitrogen. After combustion the trace elements are dissolved off the cooled areas and from the sample holder by refluxing with 2 ml of high-purity nitric acid (65%). Recoveries were tested on reference materials by electrothermal a.a.s. and were found to be ? 95%.     

羊红膻中微量元素含量的测定

采用高分辨全谱直读电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定了羊红膻(Pimpinella thellungianaWolff)药材地上与地下不同部位中含Cu、K、Na、Fe、Se、Mg、As、Ca、Cd、Cr、Mn、Ni、P、Pb和Zn等15种微量元素含量,并进行了比较。结果表明,重金属As和Pb几乎检测不到,K含量均高;同时也为羊红膻药理作用及临床用药提供科学依据。     

Senio river ecosystem: characterization and distribution of inorganic species in water and sediments

Analytical results are reported for the determination of inorganic species in water and sediments sampled in the Senio river ecosystem. The species determined are Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Co, Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, Hg, F-, Cl-, Br, NO3-, SO4-, Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, NH4+ in integrated water, and Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Co, Cr, Ni, Fe, Mn, Hg in sediments. For all the elements, in addition to detection limits, precision and accuracy are given: the former, expressed as relative standard deviation (sr), and the latter, expressed as relative error (e), were good, being in all cases lower than 6%. Limitedly to Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn a critical comparison with voltammetric measurements is also discussed.     

微波消解/ICP—AES法测定不同品种山药中矿物质元素与对比研究

采用微波消解样品,运用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定山药中K、Na、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Se、Pb、Cd和Cr等12种元素。结果表明：方法简便、快速、准确度高;四种山药均富含对人体有益的K、Ca、Fe、Mg、Zn、Mn、Se等矿物质元素,其肉质中Pb、Cd、Cr含量均未超过国家食品卫生标准。     

Co-precipitative pre-concentration with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and ICP-AES determination of Se, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Cr and Cd in water

Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in the presence of a weak oxidizing agent is used as a co-precipitative agent for the pre-concentration of Se, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Cr and Cd. A procedure was developed for ICP-AES determination of these elements after pre-concentration in river and waste water (an enrichment factor of 40). The recovery of all the elements tested for was more than 98%. The limits of determination (mg l⁻¹) (10 S.D. blank) are 0.001 (Cu, Co, Cr, Mn), 0.0007 (Zn, Cd), 0.003 (Se), 0.004 (Fe), 0.007 (Ni), and 0.01 (Pb).     

Determination of metal content in valerian root phytopharmaceutical derivatives by atomic spectrometry

Phytopharmaceuticals containing Valerian are used as mild sleep-inducing agents. The elemental composition of 3 different marks of Valeriana officinalis roots commercially available in the Argentinian market, their teas, and a commercial tincture have been studied. The content of Al, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn was determined in phytopharmaceuticals by flame atomic emission/absorption spectrometry, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, and ultrasonic nebulization coupled to inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. Prior to analyses of the samples, a digestion procedure was optimized. The analytical results obtained for Fe, Al, Ca, and V in the solid sample study were within the range 100-1000 mg/kg, and for Mn, Zn, and Pb within the range 10-100 mg/kg. Cadmium was found at levels up to 0.0125 mg/kg.     

Determination of heavy metals in air conditioner dust using FAAS and INAA

The elements Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in dust samples collected from air conditioner (AC) filters from 15 commercial sites of Lahore using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). The elements Cr, Mn and Zn were also determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The results obtained showed that higher amounts of these metals were measured in these dust samples than normally found in soil. This was especially true for Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Generally the amounts of Cd, Cr and Mn did not vary throughout the city of Lahore but the amounts of the traffic related Cu, Pb and Zn elements had the more variable ranges of 30–140, 30–230 and 74–2810 mg/kg respectively. The concentrations obtained for Cr, Mn and Zn by INAA were found to be higher than those obtained using FAAS. Analysis of the data obtained showed the digestion procedure employed to be the possible cause for this occurrence. It was also found that Mn was being over-estimated by INAA due to the interference from the Mg peak.