高中化学教学中实施STS教育的尝试

STS(科学—技术—社会 )课程通过交叉学科来促使学生理解和认识科学、技术和社会之间的相互联系。它有利于提高学生科学素养、培养学生科学精神 ,是一门有相当生命力的课程。我们学校从 1998年起 ,组织部分教师学习、研究、领会STS教育的基本精神和内涵 ,并成立了STS课题研究小组 ,并于 1999年 8月在学校部分年级进行STS课程的实践。1　STS教育的实践与探索1.1　必修课渗透 ,激发学生兴趣 ,培养科学意识课堂是渗透社会中的科学与技术的最佳场所 ,当学生看见所学知识在许多方面都有应用时 ,就会涌现出一股强烈的求知欲望 ,在化学学习中…     

课程思政背景下促进科学探究意识的“糖类化合物”混合式教学实践

介绍了医学及相关专业的有机化学课程中“糖类化合物”章节线上线下混合式教学实践。在教育信息技术全面渗透进高校课堂的背景下,在“课程思政”课程观指导下,将课程思政元素与教学内容有机融合,运用多元化的教学方法,在知识学习过程中注重促进学生科学探究意识的提升。探索促进学生深入领会知识内涵,体会知识所演绎的科学思维和精神价值,促进科学素养和社会责任意识养成的教学实践。     

高中生的技术素养对化学学习影响的调查与思考

通用技术课程是一门立足实践、注重创造、讲究综合、体现科学与人文融合的课程。这门课程以学生的设计学习和操作学习为主要的学习形式,属于新课程改革中的一部分。化学学科与技术课程有着紧密的联系,学生的技术素养高低对化学学习能力的提高呈正相关。通过调查表明,在化学教学过程中渗透、运用技术课程的思想要求,将对学生的思维方式、学习习惯产生深远的影响。     

为学生构建神奇的化学史与化学美的世界

化学教学,既是一门科学,又是一门艺术。科学精神体现在不尽的教学探索中,而对教学艺术的追求,也是永远没有穷尽的。化学史与化学美中具有科学、人文和审美的重要内容。作为化学教师,笔者深感为学生构建神奇的化学世界,应该是我们教师最重要的工作。多年来,笔者努力开展化学史与化学美教育,探索为学生构建神奇的化学史与化学美的世界。1为学生构建神奇的化学史的世界1.1统计、挖掘教材中的化学史内容伟大的法国物理学家、教育家、科学史家、诺贝尔物理学奖获得者郎之万曾经尖锐地批判在科学教育中,只向学生灌输科学知识的教条主义、形式主义…     

铁及其化合物教学开放性与实效性的研究

铁及其化合物是中学化学重要的元素化合物知识。新课标理念下的化学教学活动不同于传统的课堂教学。创建开放的学习环境可以激发学生学习化学的兴趣,帮助学生了解科学探究的基本过程和方法,培养学生的科学探究能力,使学生获得进一步学习和发展所需的化学基础知识和基本技能;引导学生认识化学在促进社会发展和提高人类生活质量方面的重要作用,通过化学学习培养学生的合作精神和社会责任感。开放性的教学不应该是教学表面的热热闹闹,而应该以提高教学的实效性为目的。课题组根据新的课程标准,在铁及其化合物的教学中进行了以提高教学实效性为目的的开放性教学的研究。本文叙述了本课题研究的目的、研究过程与分析、研究成果等。     

化学专业英语教学改革研究*——基于“在用中学”模式的探索与实践

化学专业英语是大学生在专业知识学习和创新、实践能力培养过程中常常会接触和应用到的。针对化学专业英语教学过程中的学生学习动力不足、知识记忆不牢等问题,结合学生们对化学专业英语的实际应用需求,介绍了化学专业英语教学团队在探索和实践“在用中学”的专业英语课程教学新模式过程中的经验和反思。     

诠释“魅力化学”发挥化学魅力的教育功能

提出了一个新的名词——魅力化学,从化学物质、化学变化、化学创造、化学价值、化学构造、化学应用以及以化学为中心的各个研究领域几方面阐述了化学科学的魅力及在化学教学中充分利用它的魅力,以激发学生的学习兴趣和探究化学的创新精神,并强调了在探索科学奥秘的同时,不能脱离追求真、善、美——科学研究的真谛。     

基于化学史与多媒体技术整合的氯气教学设计

化学教学中渗透化学史是提升学生科学素养的有效途径。研究选取了高中化学"氯气"一节为例, 沿着氯气发现史设计了多媒体课件, 以动画的形式重现氯气的发现、性质研究到应用开发的历史过程, 通过课件创设的启发提问-探究讨论-归纳总结等活动来深入挖掘化学史背后蕴藏的化学知识与原理, 使学生在体验科学探究过程、培养科学思维与方法的同时学习氯气的物理性质和化学性质, 进而体现了利用化学科学史与多媒体技术整合制作多媒体课件来培养学生科学素养的新教学探索途径。     

高分子化学教学改革探索

高分子化学是高分子材料专业最重要的专业基础课之一,课程内容包含基础理论和实验教学,对后续其他专业课程的学习有直接的影响。任课教师积极探索高分子化学的教学改革,对提高教学质量和教学效果具有很重要的意义。本文结合近年来对高分子化学课程教学各环节的探索与思考,从课程建设目标、教学思路、实验与实践教学、考核方式等几个方面进行了探讨,并通过在教学实践中加以应用,调动学生的学习积极性,有效提高了教学效果和学生的综合素质。     

多方位教学方法探索与实践——西安交通大学少年大学生化学原理课程教学研究

针对少年班学生年龄及知识结构特点,在化学原理课程的教学中,探讨了启发式教学、对比式教学、应用实例式教学、讨论式教学等多方位教学方法的研究与实践。目的是探索一种更好地培养少年班学生的学习方法、自学能力、运用知识的能力和科学思维与创新思维能力的教学方法。最后,介绍了实践应用效果。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.