共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
PbSO4纳米片晶的微乳法制备与自组装 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
采用水(溶液)/Triton X-100/环己烷/正戊醇微乳体系,制备片状PbSO4纳米晶,并利用TEM对产物进行了表征。考察并初步讨论了微乳体系中几种因素对其尺寸及形貌的影响以及PbSO4纳米晶在微也液中的生长和自组装机制。 相似文献
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新型球形纳米空心SiO2的模板合成方法研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以纳米碳酸钙颗粒为新颖的无机模板剂,硅酸钠为无机硅源,通过溶胶-凝胶法形成CaCO3/SiO2的核壳结构;随后通过高温煅烧、酸溶和干燥处理,合成出了具有高比表面积的球形纳米空心二氧化硅粒子.然后,分别采用TEM,SEM,EDS,XRD,FTIR和TG等测试手段对样品进行了分析和表征,并考察了不同合成条件,如反应温度、反应pH值、煅烧温度和包覆反应时SiO2/CaCO3的配比对纳米空心二氧化硅粒子的比表面积变化.实验结果表明:较高的反应温度如60~80℃,pn值9左右、SiO2包覆量为碳酸钙质量的10%,以及煅烧温度为700℃,有利于形成空心形貌较好、比表面较大的球形纳米空心二氧化硅。 相似文献
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近年来,纳米材料由于具有诸多奇特效应而备受关注。将无机纳米粒子与高分子水凝胶复合,可以很大程度地改善传统水凝胶的使用性能,因而成为近年来水凝胶研究领域的热点课题之一。纳米材料的形貌多姿多彩,相同材质不同形貌的纳米材料对复合材料性能有着不同的作用。本文从不同形貌(层状、管状及球状等)的无机纳米材料对复合水凝胶性能影响出发,以无机纳米粒子的形貌分类,综述了当前无机纳米复合水凝胶的研究进展。 相似文献
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铁络合物/八面沸石催化剂中沸石主体的纳米效应 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用自由配体法制备了Fephen/nano-X和Fephen/nano-Y两种\r\n不同粒度的Fephen/八面沸石纳米复合材料(简称为Fephen/FAU),\r\n并采用X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、漫反射紫外-可见光谱、热\r\n重-差热分析和催化反应等手段对其进行了表征.研究结果发现,采用\r\n纳米沸石作主体是自由配体法制备金属络合物/分子筛复合材料中提高\r\n络合物负载量的有效方法.催化反应结果表明,与普通粒度的Fephen/\r\nY复合材料相比,两种不同粒度的Fephen/nano-X和Fephen/nano-Y\r\n纳米复合材料对环己烷氧化反应的催化活性有很大的提高.由于两种纳\r\n米沸石主体的差异,两种纳米复合材料的催化性能也明显不同,不仅对\r\n环己烷的转化能力不同,对氧化产物的选择性也不同. 相似文献
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反相微乳液法制备棒状羟基磷灰石纳米粒子 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在(Tritonx-100 Tween 80),环己烷,(正己醇 正丁醇),0.5mol/L Ca(NO3)2水溶液反相微乳液体系中,采用滴加0.3mol/L(NH4)2HPO4水溶液的加料方式成功制备出直径在20~25nm,长度在28~64nm的棒状羟基磷灰石纳米粒子。通过对(Triton X-100 Tween 80),环己烷,(正己醇 正丁醇)/0.5mol/L Ca(NO3)2水溶液三元相图及水溶液反应机理的分析,确定了最佳反相微乳液组成;研究了HLB值和表面活性剂用量对羟基磷灰石颗粒大小的影响。实验结果表明,最佳反相微乳液组成为:47.6(wt)%的环己烷、37.4(wt)%的表面活性剂和助表面活性剂、15(wt)%0.5mol/L的Ca(NO3)2水溶液。 相似文献
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聚丙烯/PMMA/CaCO3纳米复合材料的制备、结构与力学性能 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
分别将经不同表面处理的纳米碳酸钙粒子与聚合物PP共混,制备PP/CaCO3和PP/PMMA/CaCO3纳米复合材料。用TEM观察了表面处理后纳米粒子的粒径与分散情况,发现复合粒子分散较均匀。用DSC与WAXD研究了复合材料的结晶行为,发现原位聚合制备的PMMA/CaCO3纳米复合粒子与PP共混后,PP有异相成核作用,出现了不稳定的PPβ晶型。PP/PMMA/CaCO3纳米复合材料力学性能有大幅度的提高。 相似文献
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M. Anamul Haque M. Muhibur Rahman M. Abu Bin Hasan Susan 《Journal of solution chemistry》2012,41(3):447-457
The electrochemical behavior of an anthraquinone (AQ) was studied in aqueous solutions at a glassy carbon electrode, using
the sodium salt of anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid (AQS), by employing cyclic voltammetry. AQ undergoes a two-electron reduction
in aqueous media. The electrochemical behavior of AQ was also investigated in micelles, reverse micelles (CTAB/1-butanol/water),
and microemulsions (CTAB/1-butanol/water/cyclohexane) of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The electrode reactions of
AQ in reverse micelles and microemulsions are nearly reversible at low oil (cyclohexane) content. However, at higher oil content,
the reversibility is gradually lost. In the case of reverse micelles, the reduction current, as well as the reduction potential,
of AQ depend on the transition from a micellar solution to a stable solution of reverse micelles that occurs with added 1-butanol.
In microemulsions, the change in cyclohexane content was found to cause a linear increase in the peak current for AQ reduction
as well as a linear decrease in the corresponding reduction potential. As the cyclohexane content is increased, the o/w microemulsions
dominated by micelles undergo a transition to a w/o microemulsion dominated by reverse micelles, which causes changes in the
electrochemical behavior. 相似文献
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Novel rod-shaped calcite crystals are formed by precipitation from cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)/1-pentanol/cyclohexane microemulsions containing calcium chloride and ammonium carbonate. The calcium carbonate initially precipitates as hexagon-shaped vaterite crystals. The vaterite crystals transform to unusual rod-shaped calcite crystals over several days. The rod-shaped calcite crystals are prismatic, with the longest crystal axis displaying (110) crystal faces. A possible mechanism of crystal growth is discussed. The elongated shape of the crystals facilitates the assembly into hierarchical structures and can allow the crystals to be used as templates for fabricating advanced materials. 相似文献
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The effects anionic polyelectrolytes, having various molecular weights and repeating unit structures, on the crystallization of calcium carbonate in supersaturated solutions are studied. The induction times of the crystals grown in the presence of the polymers were optically evaluated; X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) analyses were performed to determine, respectively, their crystalline structures and morphologies. The polyelectrolyte is found to lengthen the induction time and to reduce the size of CaCO3 nanocrystallites, to an extent depending on the interaction efficiency between the polymer anionic repeating units and the calcium ions. Further, depending on their sizes and their crystalline structures (calcite, vaterite) the nanocrystallites aggregate and yield final calcium carbonate particles having various sizes and morphologies. The data indicate that nanocrystals having vaterite structure, as determined by X-ray analysis, give spherical CaCO3 final particles, while nanocrystals having calcite structure lead to either acicular or flower shapes of CaCO3 final particles. 相似文献
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核糖核酸酶A在丁酸十二铵-环己烷反胶束溶液中的催化动力学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了核糖核酸酶A(RNaseA)在丁酸十二铵(DAB)-环己烷反胶束溶液中催化水解胞苷2',3'-环单磷酸酯的动力学,数据符合Michaelis-Menten酶催化机理.以kcat/Km表示酶催化活性时,Rnase A在反胶束溶液中的催化活性是在水溶液中的14~30倍.无论是固定DAB浓度还是固定H2O与DAB浓度之比,随增溶水量的增加,kcat/Km呈下降趋势. 相似文献
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阴离子与非离子表面活性剂复配体系反胶团的电导研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在SDS/Tween60/正己醇/环己烷/水形成的反胶团复配体系中,电导率(κ)与水和表面活性剂的摩尔比(W0)关系曲线上存在最大值,随着复配体系中SDS的摩尔分数(xSDS)增大,最大增溶水量(W0,max)向W0值更大的方向移动.xSDS≤0.5时,随着xSDS的增大,W0,max所对应的电导率值增大;xSDS≥0.5时,其电导率值减小.在AOT/Tween60/环己烷/水体系中,出现了与SDS/Tween60/正己醇/正己烷/水体系类似的现象,但W0,max所对应的电导率值,随着xAOT的增大而增大,不会出现极大值,两者的差异主要是由于助表面活性剂醇的影响.在SDS/TritionX-100/正己醇/环己烷/水体系中也印证了该结论. 相似文献
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CdS microspheres were prepared by a hydrothermal microemulsion method in cyclohexane/Triton X-100/pentanol/water at 180℃. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, energy diffraction X-ray analysis and photoluminescence spectra. It was found that CdS microspheres with diameter of 1.5-2.5μm were aggregated by nanocrystals. The formation mechanism was proposed. 相似文献
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Crystal growth of calcium carbonate in biological simulation was investigated via egg white protein with different volume fractions,during which calcium carbonate was synthesized by calcium chloride an... 相似文献
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Size-controlled, low-dispersed calcium carbonate microparticles were synthesized in the presence of the amphiphilic block copolymer polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA) by modulating the concentration of block copolymer in the reactive system. This type of hybrid microparticles have acid-resistant properties. By investigating the aggregation behaviors of PS-b-PAA micelles by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the mechanism of hybrid calcium carbonate formation illustrated that the block copolymer served not only as "pseudonuclei" for the growth of calcium carbonate nanocrystals, but also forms the supramicelle congeries, a spherical framework, as templates for calcium carbonate nanocrystal growth into hybrid CaCO(3) particles. Moreover, this pilot study shows that the hybrid microparticle is a novel candidate as a template for fabricating multilayer polyelectrolyte capsules, in which the block copolymer is retained within the capsule interior after core removal under soft conditions. This not only facilitates the encapsulation of special materials, but also provides "micelles-enhanced" polyelectrolyte capsules. 相似文献
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Xiaowei Y Yanwei Z Leiqing M Longxiang H 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2011,357(2):308-316
The size-controllable and highly monodispersed cuboidal barium strontium titanate (BST) nanocrystals have been successfully synthesized through a glycothermal process with no mineralizers but oleic acid as growth-directing agent. The synthesized BST nanocrystals under different glycothermal conditions were structurally characterized by XRD, IR, FESEM, TEM and HRTEM and investigated with respect to the effects of key influencing factors including the amount of oleic acid, duration of glycothermal process and 1,4-butanediol/water volume ratio in the reaction media on the formation of BST nanocrystals and their size and morphological evolution. It has been found that the oleic acid incorporated into the glycothermal system plays a decisive role in promoting the formation of cuboidal nanocrystals. It allows the BST nanocrystals to form via a nucleation-growth mechanism instead of in situ reactions and the selective chemical adsorption of oleic acid molecules on the facets with lower plane indices of newly-built BST nuclei directs them to grow into uniform cuboidal BST nanocrystals. The duration of glycothermal reactions and the polarity of reaction media can remarkably affect the dynamic process of the formation of BST nanocrystals. These regularly-shaped and highly monodispersed nanocrystals show a spontaneity of self-assembling into 2D ordered architectures when they were dispersed in organic solvents like cyclohexane and droped onto a hydrophobic surface of substrates, which creates a chance for the ferroelectric oxide nanocrystals to self-assemble into nanoscale electronic devices. 相似文献