催化动力学紫外光谱法测定农药合成废水中的微量甲醛

正甲醛是有特殊气味的气体,易溶于水,环境水中甲醛的含量较低,但其对人体危害较大。因此,完全有必要实时监测废水中微量甲醛的含量。测定微量甲醛的方法较多,其中催化动力学分光光度法由于其仪器要求简单,在近年得到了较快的发展。这类测定方法通常采用微量甲醛作为催化剂,催化氧化剂氧化有色染料褪色的方法,按被氧化物的种类分为甲基橙法[1-6]、甲基红法[7-10]、亚甲基蓝法[11]、溴甲酚绿法[12-14]、络黑T法[15]、溴酚蓝法[16]、二甲酚橙     

化学比色原理的甲醛气体检测仪校准方法

提出化学比色原理甲醛气体检测仪的一种校准方法。因为气泡吸收管的吸收效率不恒定及甲醛气体的溶解度受标准气体分压及温度影响,JJG 1022–2007不适用于检定化学比色原理甲醛气体检测仪。建立了以水中甲醛标准物质校准仪器零点漂移、灵敏度、线性误差、示值重复性及稳定性的方法。方法准确可靠,可实现计量校准和量值溯源。     

手持式智能光度计的研制及应用

本文研制了手持式智能光度计。该仪器集成了光源、进样系统和检测器,体积小巧,采用吸入式进样系统取代比色皿设计,试剂消耗量仅为比色皿的10%。使用该仪器进行了甲醛标准样品测定,标准曲线回归系数为0.9979,相对标准偏差1.02%(n=5)。用于水发牛百叶等三种水发产品中甲醛含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

对盐酸羟胺自动电位滴定法测定甲醛的改进

一、概述甲醛的测定方法有多种。近代仪器分析法因仪器昂贵,不能在大多数工厂或实验室内普及应用。常规滴定法又存在使用试剂较多、测定过程较繁琐或终点不易观察等缺点。近年来,报道了采用盐酸羟胺自动电位滴定法测定甲醛。但自动电位滴定及绘制滴定曲线所使用的仪器价格仍较高,在我国暂不能被广泛使用。另外,该方法采用饱和Na_2B_4O_7水     

电化学便携式甲醛分析仪测量结果不确定度的研究

采用电化学传感器法便携式甲醛分析仪(PPM htV-M)测定空气中甲醛的含量,对测量结果的不确定度影响因素进行了相关分析,并对测量结果的不确定度进行了评定。结果发现,PPM htV-M型甲醛分析仪测定空气中甲醛的重复测量的标准偏差为0.027 49 mg/m~3,相对标准偏差为1.9%,满足公共场所卫生检验标准中小于5%规定。通过对PPM htV-M型甲醛分析仪的合成标准不确定度的评价发现,该仪器测量结果的扩展不确定度约为0.07 mg/m~3,仪器本身的示值误差和重复性测试引入的不确定度对测量结果的影响较大。     

木工板质量如何 质量监测说话

正不久前,济源工商部门开展板材质量监测,在该市建材市场上随机抽取16批次的木工板,委托国家授予资质的检测机构进行监测。依据GB 18580-2001甲醛释放量国家执行标准,监测项目为甲醛释放量。监测结果为5批次不合格,不合格内容为甲醛释放量超标。济源市工商局对不合格板     

柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法同时测定固体废物中甲醛和乙醛的含量北大核心CSCD

甲醛和乙醛分别被世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构列为1类、2类致癌物^([1]),2019年甲醛被列入《有毒有害水污染物名录(第一批)》^([2])。甲醛、乙醛一直是环境监测中的热门监测对象,也是固体废物鉴别中常涉及的羰基化合物。     

甲醛速测灵在高交会上热销

在第八届中国高新技术成果交易会上，吉大小天鹅仪器有限公司参展的甲醛速测灵以其准确、快捷、经济、可靠等特性受到各地代理商的青睐，纷纷前来商谈合作事宜。此外，甲醛速测灵还吸引了众多消费者当场购买。     

GDYQ-201MB甲醛测定仪的检定方法研究

GDYQ-201MB甲醛测定仪是按照国家标准方法研制的一种全新的甲醛定量测定仪器,广泛应用于家具、胶合板、细木工板、饰面人造板中甲醛释放量盼陕速定量测定,与传统的GB/T 17657-1999人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法中人造板甲醛释放量干燥器法[1]相比具有操作简单、快捷的特点,已广泛被各项产品质量监督部门应用到监督检验的实践工作中.     

一种用于检测气态甲醛的新型荧光探针

甲醛是一种常见的挥发性有机物（VOC）,当其浓度达到一定水平时,会对人体健康产生危害,如刺激眼和鼻黏膜、引起咽喉疼痛、咳嗽和气喘等。长期接触甲醛会对人体造成严重损害。为此,我们设计合成了一种荧光探针TF（4-肼基-1,8-萘基-1,2-苯并咪唑）,TF的肼基团可以识别甲醛,并通过与甲醛的羰基部分缩合形成腙的反应实现甲醛的检测。TF显示出较高的灵敏性和选择性。此外,为了直接检测气态的甲醛,我们利用TF制备了荧光试纸,探究其在甲醛定性检测中的应用,同时还探究了一种简易监测装置用于室内甲醛的定量测量。     

Portable formaldehyde monitoring device using porous glass sensor and its applications in indoor air quality studies

We have developed a portable device for formaldehyde monitoring with both high sensitivity and high temporal resolution, and carried out indoor air formaldehyde concentration analysis. The absorbance difference of the sensor element was measured in the monitoring device at regular intervals of, for example, one hour or 30 min, and the result was converted into the formaldehyde concentration. This was possible because we found that the lutidine derivative that was formed as a yellow product of the reaction between 1-phenyl-1,3-butandione and formaldehyde was stable in porous glass for at least six months. We estimated the reaction rate and to be 0.049 min⁻¹ and the reaction occurred quickly enough for us to monitor hourly changes in the formaldehyde concentration. The detection limit was 5 μg m⁻³ h. We achieved hourly formaldehyde monitoring using the developed device under several indoor conditions, and estimated the air exchange rate and formaldehyde adsorption rate, which we adopted as a new term in the mass balance equation for formaldehyde, in one office.     

可视化测定痕量甲醛的研究

摘 要：共振光散射(RLS)法是近年发展起来的新的分析测试技术,它具有简便快速,灵敏度高的特点,已用于痕量元素或物质的分析。本文基于一定条件下,在碱性溶液中甲醛能还原Ag+ 得到黄色银胶,使体系的RLS增强,从而建立起测量环境中痕量甲醛的RLS新方法。结果表明,新建方法测定甲醛的浓度线性范围为1.0?10-6?2.0?10-5 mol/L,检出限为1.0?10-7 mol/L,样品加标测定的回收率为96.26%? 103.32%。并且不同浓度的甲醛还原Ag+ 得到黄色银纳米粒子的颜色明显不同,基于此建立了一种可视化半定量测定痕量甲醛的新方法,新建方法简便快速,灵敏度高。用于环境水样、室内空气中甲醛的测定,结果满意。     

Determination,by GC-MS using deuterated internal standards,of formaldehyde and methanol evolved during curing of coatings

A quick and accurate capillary GC-MS method based on dynamic headspace analysis has been developed for elucidating the curing chemistry and evaluating the degree of curing of new high performance coatings. This method quantitatively analyzes volatile reaction products, particularly formaldehyde and methanol, evolved from these coatings during curing. The reaction volatiles are cryogenically trapped, and then chromatographed with deuterated formaldehyde and methanol as internal standards. The relative standard deviations of the method are 3–6% and 1-2% for determinations of formaldehyde and methanol, respectively.     

Development of an Advanced Process for Manufacturing Polyacetal Resin

Abstract

An advanced process for manufacturing polyacetal resin has been developed. First, a new technology for the production of highly concentrated aqueous formaldehyde was developed by oxidizing methylal. Whereas the oxidation of methanol yields 1 mol water per mole formaldehyde, methylal oxidation produces only 1 mol water for every 3 mol formaldehyde. Thus, the output from methylal oxidation is more than 70% formaldehyde, compared with 55% from methanol oxidation. Second, a new extraction distillation process for formaldehyde purification was developed in order to get highly purified formaldehyde directly from formalin. By using highly purified formaldehyde, an end-capped polymer was obtained in the presence of acetic anhydride as a chain transfer or end-capping agent during polymerization. Third, the relatively high formaldehyde concentration enhances the formation of trioxane. Purified trioxane is copolymerized with ethylene oxide in the presence of an end-capping agent to get an end-capped polymer with high thermal stability. Two new intermediates from the initiation reaction of the copolymerization, 1,3,5,7-tetraoxacyclononane (TOCN) and 1,3,5,7,10-pentaoxacyclododecane (POCD), were isolated, and a new initiation mechanism was proposed. Fourth, the world's first acetal block copolymer was commercialized by the polymerization of formaldehyde in the presence of a lubricant functional polymer having an active hydrogen atom. This acetal block copolymer exhibits super lubrication properties.     

Recent advances in formaldehyde-responsive fluorescent probes

Formaldehyde is one of the simplest reactive carbonyl species. In view of the harmfulness of formaldehyde in nature and humans, it is of great signifi cance to further elucidate roles and functions of formaldehyde by a noninvasive detection approach. Fluorescent probes have become a popular tool to track and detect formaldehyde in vitro and in vivo, which have attracted more and more interest recently. This review focuses on various reaction mechanisms to design the fluorescent probes for detecting formaldehyde.     

Film-forming characteristics and thermal stability of low viscosity benzoxazines derived from melamine

A novel class of low-viscosity benzoxazines has been synthesized from melamine and formaldehyde with phenol or bisphenol A. The striking feature of the class of benzoxazines is the subtle combination of their inherently low viscosity at room temperature, good film-forming characteristics and high chemical and thermal stability mainly due to the introduction of melamine into the network of the polymers. The structure of the benzoxazines has been confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal properties of polybenzoxazine have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Transparent polybenzoxazine films were easily obtained under solvent-free conditions, exhibiting significantly improved toughness compared to the conventional polybenzoxazines. Our research may open a new path for overcoming the present drawbacks of polybenzoxazines such as high brittleness, the difficulties in preparing films and poor processibility via tailoring the structures and properties of amine in the benzoxazines.     

New detectors in environmental monitoring using tritium sources

A new generation of ion mobility spectrometers has been designed especially for the environmental monitoring due to toxic compounds in ambient air: phosgene, halocarbons, isofluorane, halothane, formaldehyde, ethylenoxide, acrolein, chemical warfares and many others. The IMS is equipped by means of tritium ionization sources, which have lower radiation hazards than nickel-63 sources. Aromatics are monitored by means of a special version using photoionization. Minimal detectable concentrations are in the ppb-range, mostly even below.     

Quantitative Analysis of Formaldehyde Using UV‐VIS Spectrophotometer Pattern Recognition and Artificial Neural Networks

Abstract

This study is focused on the quantitative analysis of formaldehyde in aqueous solution using a Fluoral‐P reagent and describes the characterization of the reaction, including the effect of reagent concentrations, pH, response time, dynamic range, reproducibility, photostability, and selectivity by using an ultraviolet‐visible (UV‐VIS) spectrophotometer. The relative standard deviation value was 1.79 to 2.12%. The dynamic range of the complex gives a linear stimulation of 0.00 to 3.60 ppm for the concentration of formaldehyde. The reproducibility of this study is high, with 1.79 and 2.12% for 20 and 40 ppm of formaldehyde, respectively. The interference from acetaldehyde (formaldehyde: acetaldehyde=1:100) was lower than 2.10%. In addition, the application of artificial neural networks to quantitative analysis for formaldehyde has also been done in this study to optimize the dynamic range of formaldehyde involved in the formation of Fluoral‐P–formaldehyde complex. A three‐layer feed‐forward network and the back propagation algorithm‐operated training process were used in this study. For quantitative analysis of formaldehyde, artificial neural networks, networking with 23 hidden neurons and 40,000 cycle numbers with 0.001% learning rate, produce the best training results, with sum‐squared error value 0.5847.     

Improved measurement of formaldehyde in water-soluble polymers by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with post-column reaction detection

An improved methodology for the analysis of free formaldehyde in water-soluble polymers used for industrial water treatment is reported. Previously, derivatization prior to HPLC or colorimetric techniques has been used. The data generated by these approaches are suspect in that the derivatizing agent can react with the polymer or other sample components to produce high results. Post-column reaction derivatization is applied after separation of the free formaldehyde from the product interferences. The type of polymer product analyzed influences the choice of column(s). The degree of high bias of the commonly used 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine pre-column derivatization is reported and the results are compared to those with the post-column reaction for two polymer products. This method, being more selective, should be applicable to any polymer containing formaldehyde.     

New sampling tool for airborne volatile aldehydes

Summary A new tool for airborne volatile aldehydes sampling is presented. Aldehydes such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde and butyraldehyde can be simultaneously monitored. The tool is made of a solid, inert support of sintered glass (Siran), held in a small tube (7 cm length) and coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. Collected aldehydes are analysed as their hydrazones by high performance liquid chromatography. This method has been successfully employed to sampling of airborne formaldehyde between 0.06 ppmv and 4 ppmv (4 h sampling time). Comparison with the NIOSH method n. 2502 gave a high correlation coefficient (r=0.993).