H5PMo10V2O40/SBA-15催化剂的制备及其催化性能

以Keggin型杂多酸H5PMo10V2O40为主体,SBA-15介孔分子筛为载体,利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同负载量的H5PM10V2O40/SBA-15负载型催化剂,通过XRD、FTIR、TEM、H2-TPR和N2吸脱附法对样品进行了分析和表征,并将制得的负载型催化剂应用于苯氧化苯酚的反应中,研究了不同条件(温度、时间和催化剂用量等)下的催化性能.研究结果表明:H5PMo10V2O40杂多酸能均匀地分散于SBA-15孔道中且SBA-15的六方介孔结构并未发生改变:较好地解决了活性组分大量溶脱的问题;与H5PMo10V2O40杂多酸相比,H5PMo10V2O40/SBA-15催化剂在苯氧化为苯酚的反应中具有更高的转化率和更好的选择性,当反应温度为70℃,催化剂的使用量为0.25 g,反应时间为2 h和H5PMo10V2O40负载量为60%时苯酚的选择性达到了82.53%.     

H6PMo9V3O40/SiO2催化剂催化酚类化合物选择性硝化

为创建洁净高效的酚类化合物硝化工艺,以杂多酸H6PMo9V3O40(PMAV3)为活性组分,硅胶为载体,浸渍法制备了负载型催化剂PMAV3/SiO2,采用红外光谱、X射线衍射谱、N2吸附-脱附法及TG-DSC分析等测试技术对该催化剂的结构及热稳定性进行了表征;考察了该催化剂对多种酚类化合物硝化反应的催化性能。结果显示,该催化剂对多种酚类化合物的硝化反应具有很强的催化活性和区域选择性,产率为83.7%~94.5%,其中苯酚、邻甲酚、邻氯苯酚和邻氟苯酚以邻位硝化产物居多,水杨酸的对位硝化产物占绝对优势;负载催化剂的织构性质与载体相近,但随负载量增加,比表面积逐渐降低;PMAV3/SiO2的热稳定性好于本体PMAV3。催化剂回收容易,重复使用5次,活性基本不变。     

H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2催化合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化硅负载磷钨钼杂多酸催化剂H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2,该催化剂制备的适宜条件是:m(H3PW6Mo6O40)∶m(SiO2)=40%,煅烧温度150℃,活化时间3 h。以二氧化硅负载磷钨钼酸为催化剂,在无溶剂条件下由间苯二酚和乙酰乙酸乙酯为原料进行Pechmann反应合成7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素。考察了反应物间苯二酚与乙酰乙酸乙酯摩尔比,催化剂用量,反应温度,反应时间等因素对收率的影响,并对反应条件进行优化。结果表明,在间苯二酚与乙酰乙酸乙酯的摩尔比为1∶1.5(其中间苯二酚为0.1mol),反应时间为16 h,H3PW6Mo6O40/SiO2的用量为1.3 g,在油浴加热120℃左右的优化条件下,7-羟基-4-甲基香豆素的收率可达86.1%。     

(NH4)15[La(PMo9V2O39)2].6H2O 杂多配合物对苯酚羟化的催化作用

合成了(NH4)15[La(PMo9V2O39)2].6H2O杂多配合物, 并考察其对苯酚过氧化氢羟化反应的催化活性. 探讨了温度、催化剂用量、反应时间、 n(PhOH)/n(H2O2)摩尔比以及反应介质的pH值对反应的影响. 实验结果表明, 以甲醇为溶剂、 n(PhOH)/n(H2O2)=1∶2、反应体系的pH值为5左右、反应温度343 K、反应时间约4 h的条件下, 苯酚转化率可达44.30%, 对苯二酚产率达43.35%. 并采用ICP、 IR、 UV和XRD等技术, 对(NH4)15[La(PMo9V2O39)2].6H2O进行表征, 初步证实了(NH4)15[La(PMo9V2O39)2].6H2O具有Keggin结构.     

Co-MCM-41催化H2O2氧化4-甲基吡啶生成4-吡啶甲酸的反应条件及机理

研究了乙酸溶剂中无引发剂条件下,Co掺杂MCM-41催化过氧化氢（30%）氧化4-甲基吡啶的反应,催化剂表现出高底物转化率和产物吡啶甲酸选择性以及良好的再生性。 探讨了不同溶剂、反应时间、反应温度、催化剂用量等对H2O2氧化4-甲基吡啶反应的影响,确定较优反应条件为m（4-甲基吡啶)∶m（催化剂)=10∶1,V（4-甲基吡啶)∶V（冰醋酸)=1∶10,温度363 K,时间6 h。 该条件下4-甲基吡啶的转化率为96.5%,4-吡啶甲酸的选择性为91.4%。 探讨了可能的反应机理。     

MoO3/Al2O3催化氧化选择性合成亚砜

采用浸渍法制备了不同负载量的MoO3/Al2O3催化剂,讨论了MoO3,Al2O3和MoO3/Al2O3负载的催化剂作用下,利用H2O2进行硫醚氧化制亚砜的反应.结果显示MoO3/Al2O3催化剂负载量为20%时催化活性最高,原料转化率达100%,且没有副产物生成.将该方法应用到兰索拉唑前体的氧化反应中,收率达到80%.催化剂重复使用6次不失活.     

镁铝水滑石负载MnO-4催化氧化乙苯合成苯乙酮

采用焙烧还原法制备了镁铝水滑石负载MnO4-催化剂,并将其应用于催化氧气氧化乙苯合成苯乙酮的反应中。考察了催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、MnO4-负载量和镁铝比等因素对催化氧化反应的影响及催化剂的重复使用性能。在优化条件下:催化剂用量3 g,乙苯用量45 mL,反应温度120℃,水滑石结构中n(Mg)/n(Al)=5,氧气流量100 mL/min,苯乙酮产率可达57.0%,苯乙酮选择性可达96.3%,催化剂重复使用3次催化活性降低较小。     

H_3[PMo_(12)O_(40)]·nH_2O/SiO_2催化剂的制备及其催化性能

采用浸渍法制备了一系列H3[PMo12O40]·nH2O/SiO2催化剂(Catω),其结构和性能经XRD,N2-BET和NH3-TPD表征。以甘油脱水制备烯丙醇为探针反应,考察了Catω的催化性能。结果表明:H3[PMo12O40]·nH2O负载量为1.0%(ω=1%)的催化剂(Cat1)具有最佳的催化性能,甘油转化率,烯丙醇选择性和时空收率分别为100%,35.9%,3.2 mmol·g-1·h-1;催化剂的催化性能与H3[PMo12O40]·nH2O负载量有很好的相关性。     

Al2O3-SiO2催化环己胺氧化制备环己酮肟

以Al2O3-SiO2为催化剂,用双氧水氧化环己胺制备了环己酮肟。考察了溶剂用量、催化剂用量、反应时间和反应温度等因素对催化性能的影响。结果表明,在溶剂乙腈与环己胺体积比为3∶1,催化剂质量分数31.0%,75℃反应5 h后的环己胺转化率为100%,环己酮肟选择性可达83.6%。并对环己胺催化氧化的反应机理作了初步的探讨。     

环氧环戊烷的无溶剂合成工艺

以聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯接枝磷钨酸季铵盐为三相相转移催化剂,以H2O2为氧化剂,KCl为助催化剂,研究了环戊烯(CPE)合成环氧环戊烷(CPEO)的无溶剂工艺。 讨论了催化剂和助催化剂用量、反应温度、反应时间、环戊烯与H2O2摩尔比对反应的影响。 确定了无溶剂环氧环戊烷合成反应的条件为(以0.056 mol H2O2计)：催化剂1.0 g、助催化剂0.025 g、反应温度40 ℃、反应时间5 h、n(CPE)∶n(H2O2)=2.1∶1.0。 CPEO的平均收率约为96%。 催化剂回收重复使用6次活性无明显降低。     

杂多酸水溶液脱除烟气中SO2新方法的研究

在孔板式吸收器（孔板孔径：50μm-70μm）中对杂酸水溶液脱除烟气中SO2的新方法进行了研究。在所考察的几种杂多酸中,H3PW12O40和H2SiW12O40对SO2的脱除率较为接近,H7PMo2W12O49和Na2HPMo12O40对SO2的脱除率相对较高,其中后者对SO2的脱除率最高。杂多酸（HPA）对SO2的脱除率随HPA浓度的提高而增高,随进气中SO2的浓度或吸收温度提高而减低。常温有利于HPA对SO2的脱除。NaCl,NH4VO3,CuSO4及H3PO4这四种添加剂均能提高HPA对SO2的脱除率。复配体系中,以上添加剂对HPA的最优配比为：NaCl/HPA:H3PO4/HPA:NH4VO3/HPA:CuSO4/HPA=1/6:1/8:1/2:1/4。进气中有NOx存在下HPA对SO2的脱除反应式,这些反应式能够很好地说明NOx的作用效果。以上结果表明：HPA水溶液具有很好的烟气脱硫应用前景。     

硅藻土负载H6PMo9V2Nb1O40催化剂上乙烷氧化制乙酸和乙醛的反应性能

采用浸渍法制备了硅藻土负载的杂多化合物催化剂PMo9V2Nb1/K，利用TPR、IR、TPD和微反技术研究了催化剂的表面酸性、乙烷化学吸附和氧化反应性能。结果表明，含铌的PMo9V2Nb1/K催化剂仍保持着Keggin形杂多酸的化学构造，晶格氧的活泼性明显提高，B酸强度和酸量均有所降低；乙烷分子主要通过H原子吸附在Lewis碱位V—O—Mo和Nb—O—Mo的桥氧上，吸附在Nb—O—Mo桥氧上的乙烷易发生解离吸附，并与邻近的表面氧发生反应生成乙酸或乙醛；在240 ℃，0.4 MPa和2 000 h-1下，乙烷的摩尔转化率为22.5%，产物乙酸和乙醛的总选择性达90.8%。     

SiO2负载H6PMo9V2Nb1O40杂多酸的制备与表征

用经典酸化与乙醚萃取相结合的方法，制得了H6PMo9V2Nb1O40杂多酸，并采用等体积浸渍法将其负载到载体SiO2上，通过循环伏安、XRD、BET、TG-DTA、IR和UV-vis等技术的综合表征表明：H6PMo9V2Nb1O40具有Keggin型杂多酸结构和较强的氧化还原性能，且氧化还原过程可逆性好；这种杂多酸与SiO2载体表面通过端氧和桥氧发生键合作用，负载到SiO2上的杂多酸其比表面积显著增大，并保持了原有的Keggin结构和热稳定性。     

Crystal structure of a novel two-dimensional supramolecular network based on polyoxoanion and yttriumIII coordination cation

A novel compound (NH4)2Y(H2O)8[PMo10V2O40]·10H2O has been prepared in an aqueous solution and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and TG-DTG analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out on (NH4)2Y(H2O)8 [PMo10V2O40]·10H2O single crystal, which crystallizes in the monoclinic system of a space group P21/c with a=0.9871(3) nm,b=1.5424(5) nm, c=2.7924(9) nm, β= 94.183(5)° and Z=2. In the compound, a two-dimensional network is constructed by the PMo10V2O54-0 anion and the Y(H2O)83+ cation building blocks via hydrogen bonding exhibiting the porous structure.     

三维配位聚合物[C4H12N2]3[PMo12O40]的合成、结构及其电化学性质

The title compound [C4H12N2] 3 [PMo12O40] was synthesized from the hydrothermal reaction and charac-terized by IR, elemental analysis and X-ray signal crystal structural analysis. The crystal of the title complex belongs to trigonal space group R3c with a=1.788 62 nm, c=2.354 3 nm, and V=6.522 62 nm3, Z=6, R1=0.038 4, wR2=0.102 0. The compound consisted of piperazine and PMo12O403-, and the structure is extended to three dimensional framework owing to the hydrogen bond between the O atoms and N atoms. The bulk-modified carbon paste electrode (APM-CPE) using this compound as modifier shows a good electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of ascorbic acid(AA). CCDC: 707968.     

Na_3H_2[PMo_(10)V_2O_(40)]·16H_2O的合成与晶体结构

标题化合物的晶体属P2_1/m空间群,α=13.821(2),b=15.355(3),c=11.597(2),β=107.50(2)°,V=2347.2~3,M_r=2091.46,Z=2,D_c=2.959 g·cm~(-3),μ(MoK_o)=30.77cm~(-1),F(000)=1992。用4049个独立可观测衍射精修结构,R=0.033。杂多酸阴离子[PMo_(10)V_2O_(40)]~(5-)具有准Keggin结构,12个金属原子呈无序分布,中心原子P与两个齿顶原子M(Mo/V)在对称面上。P—O平均键长1.541(2),M—O键长1.671(2)-2.432(2)。除一个Na—O配位多面体为畸变三方锥外,其余四个Na—O配位体均为六配位。讨论了Na~+离子呈无序分布的晶体结构特征并初步总结[PMo_(10)V_2O_(40)]~(5-)在不同晶相中的构型。     

Formation of p-phenylenediamine-crown ether-[PMo12O40]4- salts

Electron transfer from the electron donor of p-phenylenediamine (PPD) to the electron acceptor of (H+)3[PMo12O40]3- forms a one-electron-reduced Keggin cluster of [PMo12O40]4-, bearing a S = 1/2 spin, while proton transfer from the proton donor of (H+)3[PMo12O40]3- to the proton acceptor of PPD yielded mono- and diprotonated cations of 4-aminoanilinium (HPPD+) and p-phenylenediammonium (H2PPD2+). By introduction of crown ether receptors during the crystallization process, supramolecular cations of (HPPD+)(crown ethers) and/or (H2PPD2+)(crown ethers) were successfully introduced into three new alpha-[PMo12O40]4- salts of (H2PPD2+)2([12]crown-4)4[PMo12O40]4- (1), (HPPD+)4([15]crown-5)4[PMo12O40]4- (2), and (HPPD+)2(H2PPD2+)([18]crown-6)4[PMo12O40]4- (3) as the countercation. The protonated states of PPD and molecular-assembly structures of the supramolecular cations depended on the size of the crown ethers. In salt 3, a novel mixed-protonated state of HPPD+ and H2PPD2+ was confirmed to be complexed in the cation structure. According to the changes in the cation structures, the anion arrangements were modulated from those of the two-dimensional layer for salt 1 to the isolated cluster for salts 2 and 3. The temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibilities of salts 1-3 were consistent with the isolated spin arrangements of [PMo12O40]4-. The electronic spectra of salts 1-3 indicated the intervalence optical transition from pentavalent Mo(V) to hexavalent Mo(VI) ions within the [PMo12O40]4- cluster. Temperature-dependent electron spin resonance spectra of salt 2 revealed the delocalization-localization transition of the S = 1/2 spin at 60 K. The spin on the [PMo12O40]4- cluster was localized on a specific Mo(V) site below 60 K, which was thermally activated with an activation energy of 0.015 eV.     

Modified polyoxometalates: Hydrothermal syntheses and crystal structures of three novel reduced and capped Keggin derivatives decorated by transition metal complexes

Three novel polyoxometalate derivatives decorated by transition metal complexes have been hydrothermally synthesized. Compound 1 consists of [PMo(VI)(6)Mo(V)(2)V(IV)(8)O(44)[Co (2,2'-bipy)(2)(H(2)O)](4)](3+) polyoxocations and [PMo(VI)(4-)Mo(V)(4)V(IV)(8)O(44)[Co(2,2'-bipy)(2)(H(2)O)](2)](3-) polyoxoanions, which are both built on mixed-metal tetracapped [PMo(8)V(8)O(44)] subunits covalently bonded to four or two [Co(2,2'-bpy)(2)(H(2)O)](2+) clusters via terminal oxo groups of the capping V atoms. Compound 2 is built on [PMo(VI)(8)V(IV)(6)O(42)[Cu(I)(phen)](2)](5-) clusters constructed from mixed-metal bicapped [PMo(VI)(8)V(IV)(6)O(42)](7-) subunits covalently bonded to two [Cu(phen)](+) fragments in the similar way to 1. The structure of 3 is composed of [PMo(VI)(9)Mo(V)(3)O(40)](6-) units capped by two divalent Ni atoms via four bridging oxo groups. The crystal data for these are the following: C(120)H(126)Co(6)Mo(16)N(24)O(103)P(2)V(16) (1), triclinic P1, a = 15.6727(2) A, b = 17.3155(3) A, c = 19.5445(2) A, alpha = 86.1520(1) degrees, beta = 81.2010(1) degrees, gamma = 63.5970(1) degrees, Z = 1; C(120)H(85)Cu(6-)Mo(8)N(20)O(44)PV(6) (2), triclinic P1, a = 14.565(4) A, b = 15.899(3) A, c = 16.246(4) A, alpha = 116.289(2) degrees, beta = 103.084(2) degrees, gamma = 94.796(2) degrees, Z = 1; C(60)H(40)Mo(12)N(10)Ni(3)O(40)P (3), monoclinic P2(1)/c, a = 14.804(3) A, b = 22.137(4) A, c = 25.162(5) A, alpha = 90 degrees, beta = 98.59(3) degrees, gamma = 90 degrees, Z = 4.     

Novel charge transfer supramolecular assemblies with Keggin anions and 2-amino-5-nitropyridine

Several novel compounds with the non-linear optical chromophore 2-amino-5-nitropyridine (2A5NP) and Keggin polyoxoanions (alpha-isomers), having the general formula (2A5NP)(m)H(n)[XM12O40].xH2O, M = Mo, W, were synthesised. Compounds were obtained with X = P, n = 3, m = 3 and 4 and X = Si, n = m = 4 (x = 2-6). Thus, for each of the anions [PMo12O40]3- and [PW12O40]3- two different compounds were obtained, with the same anion and organic counterpart but with a different stoichiometric ratio. These presented different charge transfer properties and thermal stability. All compounds were characterised by spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The single crystal X-ray diffraction structure of (2A5NP)4H3[PMo12O40].2.5H2O.0.5C2H5OH showed that the water solvent molecules and the organic chromophores are assembled via infinite one-dimensional chains of hydrogen bonds with formation of open channels, which accommodate [PMo12O40]3- and ethanol solvent molecules.     

骨架金属原子对Keggin阴离子电子结构和物化性质的研究

使用第一原理密度泛函理论中的离散变分方法(DFT-DVM)对(PM~1~2O~4~0)^n^-(M=Mo,W,V),(PMo~9W~3O~4~0)^3^-,(PMo~9V~3O~4~0)^6^-五种Keggin结构杂多阴离子进行了电子结构计算,讨论了骨架金属原子对Keggin结构杂多阴离子的电荷分布、成键作用、热稳定性、氧化还原性等的影响。结果表明,骨架金属原子对Keggin阴离子的电荷分布和成键作用均有一定的影响,以Mo,W,V作骨架金属原子的Keggin阴离子(PM~1~2O~4~0)^n^-的热稳定性顺序为:(PW~1~2O~4~0)~3^->(PMo~1~2O~4~0)^3^->(PV~1~2O~4~0)^1^5^-。提出了判断杂多阴离子氧化性强弱的两因素法---脱出晶格氧的难易程度和LUMO轨道电负性,并根据两因素法得到氧化性强弱顺序为:(PV~1~2O~4~0)^1^5^->(PMo~1~2O~4~0)^3^->(PW~1~2O~4~0)~3^-。同时,讨论了当(PMo~1~2O~4~0)~3^-中的Mo部分被W和V取代后,即(PMo~9W~3O~4~0)^3^-,(PMo~9V~3O~4~0)^6^-,其中取代原子对电子结构的影响,结果表明,W取代使整个阴离子的稳定性增强,但氧化性减弱,V取代,使稳定性减弱,但氧化性增强。