碳吸附沉淀法Y2O3纳米粉体的制备及其光催化性能的研究

利用碳吸附沉淀法合成Y2O3纳米粉体.采用TG-DTA、XRD、TEM、BET、UV-Vis和粒度分析等测试方法分别对粉体进行了表征.结果表明,750℃下焙烧的Y2O3粉体具有良好的分散状态,晶粒度为16.7 nm,颗粒范围为34～45 nm,比表面积为75.7 m2/g.与氨水直接沉淀制得的Y2O3粉体相比,碳吸附沉淀法制备的Y2O3粉体在紫外光下有良好的光催化活性,80 min内对甲基橙的降解率达78;.     

粉体粒度对硅藻土基微孔陶瓷结构和性能的影响

以硅藻土为主要原料,采用固相烧结法,制备了硅藻土基微孔陶瓷,探讨了粉体粒度对其比表面积、烧结样品的孔径及其分布、孔隙率等性能的影响.结合SEM、BET、压汞仪等手段对样品进行了表征.结果表明:在d50=3.57～1.17 μm间,随粉体粒度的减小,粉体比表面积上升,烧结样品的平均孔径及孔隙率下降,其后孔径分布变宽并出现团聚;d50=1.17 μm时,粉体比表面积48.59 m2/g,烧结样品平均孔径157.8 nm,孔隙率39.3;;对孔雀石绿溶液的脱色研究表明,粉体粒度减小,多孔陶瓷的脱色能力增强,反应420 min,d50=1.17 μm粉体烧结样品的脱色率达90.8;.     

微波诱导燃烧法合成MgO-Y2O3纳米粉体

以硝酸钇、硝酸镁、乙酸镁为原料,采用微波诱导燃烧法合成了体积比50:50的MgO-Y2O3纳米粉体,并研究了粉体的烧结性能.采用DSC-TGA、XRD、SEM、BET、IR等手段对粉体进行了分析表征.研究表明,在500 W微波功率下合成的粉体,经过600℃煅烧2h,结晶性良好,呈现均匀球状,粒度尺寸在30 ～50nm之间,比表面积为35.6m2/g.粉体经过200 MPa压力下等静压成型后,在1300℃温度下保温2h,样品相对密度可达95;.     

白炭黑的长链烷基官能化改性及表征

以正二十二醇为改性剂对沉淀法白炭黑粉体进行了表面改性.采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、热重(TG)、元素分析(EA)、接触角仪、激光粒度分布分析、透射电镜(TEM)等表征手段,研究考察了长链烷基对沉淀法白炭黑形貌及性能的影响.结果表明:正二十二醇成功接枝到了白炭黑的表面,且每克白炭黑表面接枝改性剂的量为0.0328 mol/g;改性后白炭黑的分散性和疏水性得到明显提高,其接触角由改性前的0°增加到了132°;改性后的白炭黑粉体粒径分布变窄,粒子平均粒径值由改性前的491.2 nm减小到240 nm.     

钛(Ⅳ)固溶氧化镁纳米粉体的制备与表征

采用液相共沉淀方法,以Mg(NO3)2·6H2O和Ti(OC4H9)4为起始原料,NH3·H2O为沉淀剂,PEG为分散剂,冰乙酸为修饰剂,制备了钛(Ⅳ)固溶氧化镁纳米粉体.利用XRD,XPS和TEM等分析手段对粉体的物相组成、结构和形貌等进行了表征.结果表明Ti4+固溶到Mgo的品格中,物相只有立方晶系的方镁石结构Mgo相组成,无其它相存在.所制得的粉体颗粒尺寸小(约40～50 nm)、粒度分布均匀,具有良好的分散性能.     

钛精矿湿化学法合成Fe2TiO5/TiO2复合纳米粉体

以攀枝花钛精矿作为初始原料,采用湿化学法制备铁钛氧化物纳米粉体.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM/EDS)、BET氮气吸附法、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)对合成的粉体进行表征,测试结果表明:合成了相组成为85.72 ;质量分数 Fe2TiO5和14.28 ;质量分数 TiO2(金红石)复合纳米晶粉体,平均晶粒尺寸为38 nm;近似球形的粉体颗粒及其聚集体,比表面积为16.80 m2/g;粉体在波长250～600 nm范围内均有较强的光吸收,由Fe2TiO5电子跃迁形成的起始吸收边为593 nm,相应的能带宽度为2.09 eV.     

离子交换树脂均匀沉淀法制备MgO纳米粒子

以(Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, (NH4)2CO3 和NH3·H2O为原料,采用两种离子交换树脂均匀沉淀法分别制备MgO纳米粒子.用热分析、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨电子显微镜(HR TEM)、选区电子衍射(SAED)和BET等对所制备的MgO粒子进行了表征.结果表明:经700 ℃焙烧后制备的MgO纳米晶体属六方晶系,样品分散性较好,平均粒径约为25 nm;MgO纳米晶体清晰、有序的电子衍射点阵,表明晶体的结晶度较好;纳米粒子a和b的比表面积分别为31 m2/g and 32 m2/g.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Nd_(1.85)Ce_(0.15)CuO_(4-δ)先驱体及粉体（英文）

以柠檬酸为螯合剂,采用一种简单的溶胶-凝胶法,成功的合成了蓝色透明的Nd-Ce-Cu-O体系的凝胶,保证了各元素在分子级别的均匀混合。采用红外光谱仪、热分析和XRD对实验过程和产物进行了分析。结果表明,对干凝胶及粉体的分析结果显示金属离子与柠檬酸螯合形成金属-柠檬酸螯合物,这些螯合物又通过酯化反应相互聚合成胶体粒子。干凝胶在30～600℃的温度区间内有五个失重过程。在600℃下已经合成了Nd1.85Ce0.15CuO4-δ粉体,该合成温度远低于固相法,此外通过谢勒公式计算得在600℃、700℃和1000℃下煅烧获得的粉体的平均粒径分别是18.2nm,31.1 nm和60.5 nm。     

超临界CO2技术制备超细SiO2的研究

本文以水玻璃为硅源,利用超临界CO2(sc CO2)技术制备出超细SiO2粉体,研究了压力、温度对超细SiO2粒子粒径和Zeta电位的影响,采用Zeta电位及激光粒度分析仪、X射线衍射(XRD)、自动吸附仪等测试方法对粉体的结构和性能进行了分析表征.结果表明:当压力为8 MPa,温度为50℃时,所得超细SiO2粒子粒径分布较窄且平均粒径最小,为472.9 nm,且Zeta电位取得较小值,为-55.68 mV;所得超细SiO2粒子属于非晶态,且与市售的T36-5 SiO2粒子相比,其孔结构更加致密.     

熔盐法合成二硼化钛纳米粉体研究

在NaCl-KCl熔盐中利用镁热还原法,以二氧化钛和硼粉为原料,金属镁粉为还原剂合成了TiB2纳米粉体,研究了合成温度、Ti/B摩尔比、保温时间对TiB2粉体合成的影响.通过XRD、TEM、BET对粉体的物相组成、显微形貌及比表面积进行了表征.研究结果表明:800℃时开始有TiB2生成,随温度升高,TiB2晶粒沿(101)晶面择优生长,最佳合成温度为1000℃.Ti/B摩尔比为1∶2.4时,经1000℃保温3h后合成了球形TiB2粉体,颗粒尺寸分布在5 ～30 nm之间;在界面机制控制下,延长保温时间到6h后,颗粒形貌由球形转变为立方状,尺寸增大到30 ～ 60nm,测得其比表面积为49.142 m2/g.     

Crystal and molecular structures oftrans-dichloro-(ethylene) (4-methylpyridine)platinum(II) andtrans-dichloro(ethylene) (2,4,6-trimethylpyridine)platinum(II)

The crystal and molecular structures oftrans-[PtCl₂(C₂H₄)(4-MeC₅H₄N)] (I) andtrans-[PtCl₂(C₂H₄)(2,4,6-Me₃C₅H₂N)] (II) have been determined by single-crystal x-ray methods.I crystallizes in space groupP2₁/c witha= 4.991(1), b=21.658(3), c=10.675(3) Å, =110.17(2) °,Z=4;II is orthorhombic (Pbca) witha=10.295(6),b=12.393(8),c=20.370(10) Å,Z=8.Full-matrix least-squares refinements have given finalR factors of 0.053 (1520 reflections) forI and 0.042. (1412 reflections) forII. The intensities were recorded by counter methods, and only those reflections havingI>3(I) were used in the analyses.In both complexes, platinum is four-coordinate with the two chlorine atoms, the double bond of the ethylene, and the nitrogen atom of the substituted pyridine. The two structures are discussed in terms of the arrangement of the pyridine ligand with respect to the PtCl₂(C₂H₄) moiety.     

Synthesis, spectroscopy, and X-ray structures of fac-(CO)3(dppe)MnSC(S)H, fac-(CO)3(dppe)ReSC(S)H, fac-(CO)3(dppp)ReSC(S)H, and fac-(CO)3(dppb)ReSC(S)H

The monodentate dithioformato complexes, fac-(CO)₃(dppe)MnSC(S)H (1), fac- (CO)₃(dppe)ReSC(S)H (2), fac-(CO)₃(dppp)ReSC(S)H (3), and fac-(CO)₃ (dppb)ReSC(S)H (4), where dppe is 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, dppp is 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane, and dppb is 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, were synthesized from the treatment of the corresponding hydrides, fac-(CO)₃ (P-P)MSC(S)H with CS₂. Compounds 1–4 crystallize in the monoclinic crystal system: for 1, space group = P2₁/c, a = 15.3139(3) Å, b = 9.7297(4) Å, c = 19.0991(6) Å, = 105.928(1), V = 2736.5 ų, Z = 4; for 2, space group = P2₁/c, a = 15.6395(8) Å, b = 9.8182(5) Å, c = 19.4153(11) Å, = 106.741(1), V = 2854.9(3) ų, Z = 4; for 3, space group = P2₁/n, a = 11.3570(10) Å, b = 19.465(2) Å, c = 15.5702(14) Å, = 104.776(2), V = 3328.3(5) ų, Z = 4; and for 4, space group = C2/c, a = 32.078(2) Å, b = 10.4741(6) Å, c = 19.0608(9) Å, = 94.315(2), V = 6386.1(6) ų, Z = 8.     

Structure of (chloranilato)bis(tri-n-butylphosphine)palladium(II)

(Chloranilato)bis(tri-n-butylphosphine)palladium(II), [Pd(C₆Cl₂O₄){P(C₄H₉)₃}₂] (chloranilic acid=2,5-dichloro-3,6-dihydroxy-p-benzoquinone): FW=718.02,P2₁/c,a=21.729(6),b=17.293(5),c=21.010(9) Å,=112.62(3)°,V=7287.42 ų,Z=8,D _c=1.309mg m^–3, Mo, =0.710730 Å,=0.76 mm^–1,F(000)=3008, finalR=0.087, 2594 observed reflections. Palladium is ligated by a distorted square planar P₂O₂ coordination sphere in the title compound. The two molecules per asymmetric unit differ in the arrangement of phosphine n-butyl chains, yielding two unique metal centers.     

Crystal structure of triphenylphosphine-(1-(di(trifluoromethyl)-hydroxymethyl)-cyclopentadienyl)-(1,2-di(carboxymethyl) ethylene-1-yl) ruthenium (0)

The structure of triphenylphosphine — (1 — (di(trifluoromethyl) — hydroxymethyl) — cyclopentadienyl) — (1,2 — di(carboxymethyl)ethylene — 1 — yl) — ruthenium (0) has been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. This compound, [C₅ H₄(CF₃)2 COH] Ru(PPh₃)C2(CO₂Me)₂H, crystallizes in the triclinic space groupP¯1 witha =10.131,b= 15.107,c= 10.798 Å, = 102.14, = 107.04, = 89.64° andZ = 2. The structure was refined by block-diagonal least-squares methods to a finalR value of 0.042, including hydrogen atoms. The compound contains a dicarboxymethylethylene ligand coordinated to ruthenium both through a ketonic oxygen and through a metal--carbon -bond. An intramolecular hydrogen bond is observed. Details of the structure are reported, and the structures of several Ru(0) complexes are compared.     

X-ray crystal structures ofcis-bis(diphenylphosphinamide)tetracarbonylmolybdenum(0) andtrans-bis(N-methyl diphenylphosphinamide)tetracarbonylmolybdenum(0)

The X-ray crystal structures ofcis-Mo(CO)₄(Ph₂PNH₂)₂,I, andtrans-Mo(CO)₄(Ph₂PNHMe)₂,II, are presented. ComplexI crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP2₁/c(a=13.433(1),b=12.2719(8),c=17.318(2)Å;=109.79(1)°;V=2686.1(8)ų;Z=4). ComplexII crystallizes in the triclinic space groupP¯1 (a=6.9986(8),b=10.328(1),c=11.241(2)Å,=107.58(1)°,=91.76(1)°, =101.28(1)°,V=756.1(4)ų,Z=1). The molybdenum coordination geometry in each complex is a slightly distorted octahedron. The molybdenum-carbon bond lengths for the carbonyls trans to phosphorus in complexI are shorter than those the carbonyls trans to other carbonyls. The average molybdenum-phosphorus distance inI (2.525(5)Å) is similar to those in other diphenylphosphinamide complexes and longer than the molybdenum-phosphorus distance inII in 2.4585(7)Å). The distance between two nitrogen atoms incis Mo(CO)₄(Ph₂PNH₂)₂ (3.74(3)Å) is significantly larger than the sum of their van der Waals radii (3.10 Å) indicating that the two nitrogens are not hydrogen bonded.     

Structure of (N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-salicylaldiminopiperidino) Ni(II) complex

The crystal and molecular structure of the title complex, C₁₈H₁₉N₂O₂Ni, has been determined by direct methods. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system witha=22.973(1),b=5.212(1),c=27.076(1)Å, β=106.46(1)°, space groupC2/c,V=3109.1(6)ų, Z=8, andD _x=1.51g cm^?3. The nickel atom is in a slightly distorted square-planar environment of two oxygens [Ni(1)?O(1) 1.824(3) and Ni(1)?O(2) 1.856(3)Å] and two nitrogens [Ni(1)?N(1) 1.849(3) and Ni(1)?N(2) 1.932(3)Å] with O?Ni?N angles between 85.7(1) and 97.1(1)°. The nickel atom is 0.006 Å out of the plane of its ligands.     

Crystal and molecular structures of trans-bis(acetonitrile)bis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) perchlorate and trans-diamminebis(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) perchlorate

The structures of trans-[(MeCN)₂(bpy)₂Ru](ClO₄)₂(I) andtrans-[(NH₃)₂(bpy)₂Ru](ClO₄)₂(II) have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. (I) forms monoclinic crystals in the space groupP2₁/c witha=8.399(2),b=10.406(2),c=15.590(3) Å,=93.78(2)° andZ=2 atT=293 K. The final refinement gaveR=0.040 for 2448 reflections withF _o ² >3(F _o ² ). (II) crystallizes in the triclinic space groupP¯1 witha=1.702(1),b=8.439(2),c=10.525(2) Å,=107.56(2),=104.63(1), =100.89(2)° andZ=1 atT=293 K. Refinement using 1878 reflections withF _o ² >3(F _o ² ) produced a finalR value of 0.036. Both of these structures have the ruthenium atom located on a crystallographic inversion center. The bipyridine ligands in both structures are in the bowed conformation as a means of circumventing the steric problems associated with the trans arrangement of the bipyridine ligands. The Ru-N(monodentate) distance is longer for the ammonia complex (2.106(3) Å) than for the acetonitrile complex (2.008(4) Å); there are no significant differences in the distances and angles of the two Ru(bpy)₂ frameworks.     

Crystal structure of bis(4-dimethylaminopyridinium) tribromocuprate(I) and bis(4-dimethylaminopyridinium) tetrabromocuprate(II)

The synthesis and crystal structures of two copper bromide salts of the 4-dimethylaminopyridinium (4DMAP⁺) cation are reported. The Cu(I) salt, (4DMAP)₂CuBr₃, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c, with a = 11.724(2), b = 11.055(3), c = 15.763(3) Å, = 107.64(3)°, and Z = 4. It contains isolated planar 4DMAP⁺ cations and trigonal planar CuBr₃ ^2– anions. Small distortions from idealized D _3h symmetry are observed for the anion. For the Cu(II) salt, (4DMAP)₂CuBr₄, a triclinic cell is observed with a = 8.2373(2), b = 9.2428(2), c = 14.4391(1) Å, = 93.760(1), = 94.576(1), = 105.249(1)°, and Z = 2. This compound contains discrete planar 4DMAP⁺ cations and flattened tetrahedral CuBr₄ ^2– anions. Small distortions are observed for ideal D _2d symmetry.     

X-ray structures of tris(0-cyclohexyl-dithiocarbonato)bismuth(III) and tris(0-benzyl-dithiocarbonato)bismuth(III)

The crystal structures of two Bi tris xanthates are reported, namely [Bi(S₂CO-c-C₆H₁₁)₃ J and [Bi(S₂COCH₂C₆H₅)₃]. They exist as centrosymmetric dimers, owing to the presence of bridging xanthate ligands, with seven-coordinate Bi atoms. The presence of a stereochemically active lonepair of electrons in each structure distorts the coordination geometry defined by seven S atoms and causes the elongation of some of the Bi-S bond distances. Crystals of both compounds are triclinic, space groupP¯1 with unit cell dimensions for [Bi(S₂CO-c-C₆H₁₁)₃]:a=12.417(3),b=13.571(3),c=9.681(4) Å;=102.30(2),=109.21(2), =66.23(2)° andZ=2; and for [Bi(S₂COCH₂C₆H₅)₃]:a=14.747(2),b=15.966(2),c=5.991(1) Å;=95.08(1),=98.51(1), =104.92(1)° andZ=2. The structures were refined by a full-matrix least-squares procedure to finalR=0.045 using 4274 reflections for [Bi(S₂CO-c-C₆H₁₁)₃] and toR=0.027 using 3993 reflections for [Bi(S₂COCH₂C₆H₅)₃].