阳极氧化铝模板表面结构化铁薄膜的磁光克尔效应

利用磁控溅射的办法在阳极氧化铝模板表面制备了结构化的铁薄膜,研究了其在660 nm波长s偏振光条件下的纵向克尔效应.这是一种获得磁光子晶体的简便方法.对比连续与结构化铁薄膜的克尔信号,可推测阳极氧化铝模板表面结构化铁膜中存在两相,而且这两相中的磁矩存在相互作用.当沉积铁薄膜的名义厚度为20 nm时,结构化铁薄膜的克尔信号和矫顽力信号都增强到最大.     

氮化铝（AlN）晶须碳热还原法合成研究

本文以氧化铝和石墨为原料，在普通氮气气氛条件下成功地合成出了氮化铝晶须。对碳热还原法合成ＡｌＮ晶须的工艺条件，显微形貌，生长取向和生长机一进行初步分析和探讨。由于生长条件不同，ＡｌＮ晶须通常呈六棱柱状，片状或四方形截面状等多种形态。     

氮化铝晶体的生长惯习面和晶体形态

本文采用氧化铝碳热还原方法制备出了多种形态的氮化铝单晶(晶须).通过透射电子显微镜电子衍射和X射线单晶衍射分析,确定了氮化铝单晶常见的生长惯习面,并分析和讨论了氮化铝晶须形态与氮化铝晶体结构与生长惯习面的关系.具有规则六棱柱锥形的AlN晶须的生长取向为[0001]晶向,而叶片状和四方截面形状的AlN晶须则大多沿〈21-1-3-〉晶向进行生长,细小的薄片状AlN晶须则多以{101-0}面和{101-1}面为生长面.     

PVP对碳热还原氮化法制备TiN薄膜的影响

采用四氯化钛的无水乙醇溶液为钛源,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为成膜助剂及还原助剂,利用碳热还原氮化技术,在N2气氛下经1300℃进行还原氮化5h制备出TiN薄膜.采用XRD和SEM研究了PVP分子量及其用量对TiN薄膜微观结构的影响.结果发现,随着PVP分子量增大,薄膜中TiN晶体沿(111)面择优生长趋势减小,PVP分子量为1300000时薄膜中TiN晶粒尺寸较大,晶界减少.当PVP用量由钛/碳摩尔比为1∶10增加到1∶12时,TiN薄膜裂纹减少,而增至1∶14时,TiN薄膜中气孔增多.TiN薄膜的生长过程为:TiN颗粒状晶核逐渐生长成棒状,然后继续生长形成片状三角形或六边形,最后呈现出三角锥或六棱台形.     

纳米微结构材料多孔氧化铝膜的制备及应用

本文简要地介绍了多孔氧化铝理论模型的发展历程,采用目前较为成熟的阳极氧化法制备有序多孔氧化铝薄膜.讨论了多孔氧化铝自身的物理性质,重点展示了如何充分利用多孔氧化铝作为模板制备纳米材料的美好前景,明确了今后的工作重点为开拓新的应用领域及对多孔氧化铝膜孔径大小及孔的形状进行有效控制.     

硫酸钠熔盐制备片状α-Al2O3的研究

分别以十八水合硫酸铝和氢氧化铝为γ-Al2O3源,以硫酸钠为熔盐,干法混合熔盐和γ-Al2O3,采用熔盐法制备片状氧化铝.结果表明:以氢氧化铝为γ-Al2O3源,由于氢氧化铝为母盐分解后仍保留球形多面体的母盐假相,熔盐只能溶解球形多面体表面的氧化铝,经过溶解-沉淀过程生长出少量镶嵌于球形多面体的片状氧化铝,不能制备片状氧化铝;以十八水合硫酸铝为氧化铝源,分解后形成的分散程度良好的γ-Al2O3与硫酸钠熔盐摩尔比γ-Al2O3∶Na2SO4=1∶4时能够充分溶解于熔盐中,可制备出分散的片状氧化铝.     

碳掺杂锐钛矿结构二氧化钛(TiO2-xCx)可见光光催化薄膜的制备及表征

采用气体反应磁控溅射的方法在350℃制备了碳掺杂TiO2薄膜,并对薄膜的结构做了表征与分析. XRD结果显示碳掺杂薄膜为锐钛矿结构,有c轴择优生长趋向,较纯二氧化钛薄膜晶胞c轴有伸长,晶粒膨胀;光响应波长由纯TiO2薄膜的385nm拓宽到435nm的可见光波段;从薄膜深层的X射线光电子能谱发现Ti-C和C-C振动, 可知部分掺杂碳是以化合物的状态存在TiO2-xCx薄膜中;薄膜的电镜结果显示薄膜粒晶大小均匀且为纳米量级,同时薄膜内部呈柱状晶结构.     

MOCVD生长InxGa1-Xn薄膜的表征

本文利用MOCVD方法在(0001)取向的蓝宝石衬底上实现了不同生工艺条件下的InxGa-xN薄膜的制备,并通过XRD、SEM、AFM等测量分析方法系统研究了生长工艺参数对InxGa1-xN薄膜的组分和性质的影响.InxGa1-xN薄膜的制备包括蓝宝石衬底表面上GaN缓冲层的生长以及缓冲层上InxGa1-xN薄膜的沉积两个过程.通过对所制备InxGa1-xN薄膜的XRD、SEM、AFM分析发现,调节生长温度和TMGa的流量可以有效控制InxGa1-xN薄膜中In的组分,并且随着生长温度的升高,InxGa1-xN薄膜的表面缺陷减少.     

原位氮掺杂大孔径介孔碳材料的制备及表征

以壳聚糖为新型碳氮源、三嵌段共聚物F127为软模板、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅模板,利用混合模板法制备了原位氮掺杂大孔径介孔碳.利用N2吸附脱附等温线、XRD、SEM、XPS和TEM对样品进行表征.结果 表明,以F127和TEOS作为共模板,制备得到的介孔碳材料具有大的孔径(18.6 nm)和高的介孔孔容(2.56 cm3/g);最佳制备条件为:Si/C=1.33、pH =4.5、反应温度为30℃;氮元素成功原位掺杂到大孔径介孔碳材料中,其含量为3.95;.样品对牛血清白蛋白(BSA)有较好的吸附能力.     

直流电弧等离子体喷射法制备氮化碳薄膜研究

以H2、N2和CF4气体为前驱体,用直流电弧等离子体喷射设备在不同基底温度条件下于钼/金刚石过渡层基底上制备了氮化碳薄膜.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对表面形貌和组织成分进行了表征.结果表明,当基底温度为900℃时,所沉积材料已初具晶型;所沉积材料含有α-C3N4和β-C3N4相成分.同时,提出在金刚石表面制备氮化碳时金刚石相刻蚀和氮化碳相生长同时进行的模型,较好地解释了不同基底温度条件下的膜材料沉积现象.     

用AAO模板法制备高度定向碳纳米管阵列的研究进展

用二步氧化法可以在草酸或硫酸中制备多孔氧化铝（AAO）模板，这种模板成本低，高度有序，六角排列。利用化学气相沉积技术可以制备高度定向生长的碳纳米管，这将有利于研究碳纳米管的性质和它在纳米电子器件及其他领域的应用。本文介绍了AAO模板的阳极氧化工艺，成膜机理以及不同电解液，氧化电流、电压等因素对纳米孔道的影响。讨论了催化剂和气相沉积温度对碳纳米管特性的影响，并指出这种制备碳纳米管的技术需要深入研究的问题。     

硅基AAO模板内电化学沉积ZnO纳米线及其光电性能研究

本文利用二次阳极氧化法在p型低阻〈100〉晶向的硅衬底上制备了AAO/Si,以硅基AAO为辅助模板,采用电化学沉积的方法以Zn(NO3).6H2O和HMT(C6H12N4)为原料,在80℃的水浴槽中制备了ZnO纳米线结构。采用SEM,XRD和拉曼光谱等手段对ZnO/AAO/Si复合结构进行表征。SEM图表明ZnO纳米线已成功组装到AAO/Si模板里,直径约45 nm,长度约为600 nm。XRD和拉曼光谱表明ZnO具有六角纤锌矿多晶结构。光致发光(PL)谱图表明ZnO/AAO/Si复合结构在565 nm附近有较宽黄绿发射峰,在395 nm附近有微弱的紫外发射峰。场发射测试结果表明,ZnO纳米线的场增强因子的β值为2490,场增强因子很高,具有广泛的应用前景。     

溶胶-凝胶模板法制备磷酸铁锂纳米线阵列

以多孔阳极氧化铝(AAO)为模板,采用溶胶-凝胶法和模板法结合的方法制备了LiFePO4纳米线阵列,实验考察了煅烧温度、气氛等主要工艺参数对纳米线阵列形貌晶型的影响,并用SEM、XRD对纳米线的结构、成分和形貌进行了表征.结果表明:制备的LiFePO4纳米线阵列的直径约为200nm,长度为60μm,长径比达到300,纳米线阵列的直径主要取决于模板的孔径,长度接近于模板的厚度.采用不同结构尺寸的AAO模板,可实现纳米线阵列的可控制备.最后在实验基础上,对纳米线阵列的形成机理进行了分析.     

Growth of aragonite calcium carbonate nanorods in the biomimetic anodic aluminum oxide template

In this study, a biomimetic template was prepared and applied for growing calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) nanorods whose shape and polymorphism were controlled. A biomimetic template was prepared by adsorbing catalytic dipeptides into the pores of an anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane. Using this peptide-adsorbed template, mineralization and aggregation of CaCO₃ was carried out to form large nanorods in the pores. The nanorods were aragonite and had a structure similar to nanoneedle assembly. This aragonite nanorod formation was driven by both the AAO template and catalytic function of dipeptides. The AAO membrane pores promoted generation of aragonite polymorph and guided nanorod formation by guiding the nanorod growth. The catalytic dipeptides promoted the aggregation and further dehydration of calcium species to form large nanorods. Functions of the AAO template and catalytic dipeptides were verified through several control experiments. This biomimetic approach makes possible the production of functional inorganic materials with controlled shapes and crystalline structures.     

Er3+离子在多孔模板内的发光特性

利用两次阳极氧化的方法制备多孔氧化铝模板，然后采用溶胶-凝胶法将铒的乙酰丙酮配合物掺人多孔氧化铝的模板内，制得了Er3 离子的SiO2凝胶。用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了多孔氧化铝模板的形貌，并测试了乙酰丙酮合铒的红外吸收谱以及Er3 离子在多孔模板内的室温荧光谱。初步结果显示纳米孔洞导致了荧光峰变窄。     

Synthesis and photoluminescence properties of ZnO nanowire arrays

In this paper we report a chemical method named coordination reaction method to synthesize ZnO nanowire arreys. ZnO nanowires with the diameter about 80nm were successfully fabricated in the channels of the porous anodic alumina (PAA) template by the above coordination reaction method. The microstructures of ZnO/PAA assembly were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the ZnO nanowires can be uniformly assembled into the nanochannels of PAA template. The growth mechanism of ZnO nanowires and the conditions of the coordination reaction are discussed. Photoluminescence (PL) measurement shows that the ZnO/PAA assembly system has a blue emission band caused by the various defects of ZnO. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Controllable synthesis of well‐aligned CuO nanotube arrays using porous alumina templates

In order to further enhance the performance of CuO in currently existing applications, well‐aligned CuO nanotube arrays with different diameters were fabricated. During the synthesis process, porous anodic alumina films were fabricated, and then the synthesis of CuO nanotube arrays was realized by using the obtained porous anodic alumina films as templates. The morphology and structure of the obtained products has been confirmed by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction measurements. Due to the large surface area of the synthesized products, the prepared CuO nanotube arrays may have potential applications in catalyzing and gas sensing area.     

不同硅源原位合成莫来石及其性能

分别选用煤矸石、粉煤灰、黄沙、苏州土为硅源,工业氢氧化铝为铝源,氟化铝和五氧化二钒为添加剂,通过固相反应法原位合成了具有莫来石晶相的样品.采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对试样的物相结构和微观形貌进行了分析,研究了在不同的硅源下制备的试样性能及其结构的特征变化.结果表明:利用苏州土作为硅源能够合成具有针状形貌的莫来石晶相,分别以煤矸石和黄沙作为硅源合成了具有柱状形貌的莫来石和片状形貌的氧化铝晶相,而以粉煤灰作为硅源合成的主晶相为柱状的莫来石;并分别对不同硅源制备的试样的体积密度、显气孔率以及抗折强度进行了分析,探讨了莫来石的形成机理.     

The thermal stability of anodic alumina membranes at high temperatures

Nano‐structured anodic alumina membranes are ideal templates and have wide applications. However, anodic alumina materials begin to curl up at high temperatures. To better understand and overcome this problem, the thermal stability of anodic alumina membranes was investigated. Anodic alumina membranes obtained in oxalic acid electrolyte were heat treated in air at different annealing temperatures up to 1200 °C. Our results show that the sub‐pores produced during the annealing process are responsible for the curling. The repulsive forces between neighboring pores caused by mechanical stress at the metal nucleus/oxide interface promote the formation of the sub‐pores. Annealing under a suitable pressure provided thermal stability to the membranes, because it avoided or minimized curling and cracking phenomena. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the sub‐pores disappeared when annealed under a suitable pressure.     

Synthesis and characterization of Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12 nanotube arrays

Nd-substituted bismuth titanate (Bi_3.15Nd_0.85Ti₃O₁₂, BNT) nanotube arrays are fabricated by means of a sol–gel method utilizing porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template. The morphologies and structures have been determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The diameter and length of these nanotubes are about 200 nm and 60 μm, respectively, and their wall thickness is about 30 nm. The average grain size is around 40 nm. XRD data show that the BNT nanotubes possess bismuth-layered perovskite structure. High-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM) image demonstrates that the BNT nanotubes are polycrystalline. Polarization–electric field (P–E) response curves of BNT nanotube arrays were measured, and a size induced polarization reduction phenomenon is observed.