Bi4Ti3O12/Ag/AgCl复合纤维的制备及可见光催化性能

本文合成了钛酸铋/银/氯化银(Bi4 Ti3O12/Ag/AgC1,BTO/Ag/AgCl)复合纳米纤维,并研究了其可见光催化性能.通过静电纺丝技术和高温煅烧制备了BTO纳米纤维,采用沉淀-光照还原法在BTO纳米纤维表面负载了Ag/AgC1纳米颗粒获得BTO/Ag/AgC1复合纤维.结果 表明,BTO和Ag/AgC1均具有良好的结晶性能,BTO/Ag/AgC1比单纯的BTO纳米纤维具有更强的可见光吸收.光催化测试表明,由于Ag/AgC1对可见光吸收的增加,以及与BTO间形成的半导体异质结,BTO/Ag/AgC1复合纳米纤维对染料RhB的光催化降解效率均高于纯的BTO纳米纤维,经100 min光照后可由29;提高到80;.     

聚乙烯醇改性磷酸银的光催化活性研究

在制备的磷酸银表面吸附少量的聚乙烯醇(PVA),并通过热处理制备了DPVA/Ag3 PO4复合材料.使用傅立叶红外光谱法(FT-IR)和荧光光谱法(PL)对DPVA/Ag3 PO4复合材料进行表征.分析得知,经聚乙烯醇复合改性的DPVA/Ag3 PO4复合微粒中存在共轭结构,光生电子-空穴对复合率降低,光催化活性得到显著提高.研究了不同条件(复合比例、热处理温度、热处理时间)下制备的复合光催化剂在可见光下催化降解甲基橙的光催化性能.当PVA与Ag3 PO4质量比为1:4000,热处理温度为190℃,热处理1 h时光催化效果最好.     

Ag3PO4/ATP纳米复合材料的制备及可见光催化性能研究

以天然矿物凹凸棒石(简称ATP)为载体,在其表面原位生成纳米Ag3PO4,制备Ag3POJATP复合光催化剂.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(Uv-vis DRS)等测试方法对复合材料的表面结构、形貌、光响应性能进行了研究.结果表明:Ag3PO4/ATP复合光催化剂中Ag3PO4-以纳米微球均匀分布在ATP表面,平均直径12.5 nm.进一步通过150 W碘钨灯下降解甲基橙(MO)的实验,研究了光催化材料的可见光催化性能.实验结果表明,Ag3PO4、Ag3PO4/ATP在可见光下具有光催化活性,Ag3PO4/ATP的光催化性能优于Ag3PO4,2.5h对甲基橙的降解率达到93.4;.     

ZnSe/ZnS 核壳结构量子点的制备与表征

采用外延生长法在低于 ZnS 晶体成核温度(120 ℃)的条件下,通过在ZnSe 量子点表面生长 ZnS,制备出结晶良好的 ZnSe/ZnS 核壳型量子点.通过 X 射线衍射(XRD),透射电镜分析(TEM)证实了核壳结构的生成.通过荧光光谱和紫外-可见光吸收光谱分析证实,核壳结构的形成改善了 ZnSe 量子点的荧光特性.通过改变反应温度、反应时间、反应物的用量等实验参数,可得到不同厚度ZnS壳层包覆的核壳型量子点.所制备的ZnSe/ZnS量子点具有良好的水溶性,可以分散形成稳定、澄清的水溶液.在紫外灯的照射下,溶液呈现明亮的蓝绿色荧光.     

介孔羟基磷灰石与氨基修饰碳点复合结构的制备及性能研究

通过在一定水热条件下混合介孔羟基磷灰石(Mesoporous hydroxyapatite,MHA)和氨基修饰碳点(N-CDs)得到了MHA/N-CDs复合结构.利用XRD、FHR和HRTEM的表征,证实了N-CDs成功嫁接到MHA表面.N2吸附-脱附和TEM的分析指出,MHA的介孔孔径为5 nm左右,且存在一定量的大孔结构.在可见光下催化降解亚甲基兰结果表明,复合体系的光催化能力大幅提高,约是N-CDs的两倍.     

水溶性CdZnTe量子点荧光猝灭法测定银离子的研究

以疏基丙酸(MPA)为修饰剂,制备了水溶性CdZnTe量子点,研究了pH值,回流时间对CdZnTe量子点荧光强度的影响.基于Ag离子对CdZnTe量子点的淬灭作用,建立了一种新的测定Ag离子的方法.在最优试验条件下,Ag离子浓度在2×10-7～2×10-6 mol/L时与CdZnTe量子点荧光强度呈线性关系,线性回归方程为△F ＝-7 ×10-5c+5×10-5,相关系数R＝0.9787.该量子点荧光分析方法简便快速、灵敏度高、选择性好.     

Ag3 PO4量子点修饰Ag3 PO4/Bi2 WO6异质光催化剂的构筑及其可见响应活性增强机制

采用水热法制备了三维分级球形结构的Bi2 WO6,在此基础上采用沉淀-沉积法将Ag3 PO4量子点(QDs)沉积在Bi2 WO6的表面,成功获得Ag3 PO4/Bi2 WO6异质复合材料光催化剂.借助XRD、FE-SEM、TEM、UV-Vis-DRS等技术对所得Ag3 PO4/Bi2 WO6异质复合材料光吸收性能、形貌和组成进行了系统表征,并以次甲基蓝(MB)和苯酚(Ph)的光催化降解为探针反应,探讨了Ag3 PO4 QDs表面沉积对Bi2 WO6光催化性能的影响.结果表明,尺寸约为10 nm左右的Ag3 PO4 QDs均匀的沉积在Bi2 WO6的表面,二者形成新颖的Ag3 PO4/Bi2 WO6异质结构.活性实验结果表明,与纯Bi2 WO6相比异质催化剂的活性显著增强,当Ag3 PO4与Bi2 WO6复合比为1:1时催化活性最高,其降解Ph的表观速率常数(kapp/min-1)约为纯Bi2 WO6的7倍.     

1.3微米发光自组织InAs/GaAs量子点的电致发光研究

用优化的MBE参数生长了1.3μm发光的InAs/GaAs量子点材料,并制成发光二极管,对不同温度和有源区长度下样品的电致发光谱进行了细致的研究.观察到两个明显的电致发光峰,分别对应于量子点基态和激发态的辐射复合发光.实验表明,由于能态填充效应的影响,适当增大量子点发光器件有源区长度,更有利于获得基态的光发射.这个结果提供了一种控制和调节InAs/GaAs量子点发光二极管和激光器的工作波长的方法.     

葡萄糖胺稳定CdS量子点的绿色合成及光谱特性

以葡萄糖胺(Glucosamine,GIcN)为稳定剂,以Cd(Ac)2 ·2H2O和Na2S ·9H2O作为反应剂,在室温下水相合成了CdS量子点.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV -Vis)和荧光发射光谱(PL)对样品的结构、形貌和光学性能进行了表征,考察了反应体系的pH值、GlcN/Cd的物质的量比对量子点光谱性能的影响.结果表明,所获得的CdS量子点为立方闪锌矿结构,且尺寸分布均一,结晶度高,具有丰富的表面缺陷和量子尺寸限域效应.同时,对CdS量子点形成的可能机理进行了初步的探讨.     

Ag3PO4/ZnO复合粉体制备及其可见光催化性能

室温下,以ZnO粉体、Na2HPO4、AgNO3和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为原料,成功制备出了系列Ag3PO4/ZnO复合粉体.采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和紫外-可见光谱仪分别对复合粉体的物相、形貌和可见光吸收性能进行了表征.研究了不同摩尔比的Ag3PO4/ZnO复合粉体的光催化性能.结果表明:当ZnO和Ag3PO4摩尔比约为1:1时,所得的Ag3PO4/ZnO复合粉体对罗丹明B染料的可见光催化效果最好,降解率达到99;.     

CsI-LiCl共晶材料的坩埚下降法生长与闪烁性能研究

本文采用坩埚下降法,在真空密封的石英坩埚中成功生长出CsI-LiCl与CsI-LiCl:Na共晶闪烁体。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察晶体微结构表明该共晶中LiCl相与CsI相存在周期性的层状排列,CsI相的厚度在5 μm左右。共晶样品的X射线激发发射谱显示在CsI-LiCl和CsI-LiCl:Na共晶样品存在缺陷发光,在CsI-LiCl样品中还观察到了纯CsI的自陷激子(STE)发光。CsI-LiCl样品在α粒子激发下的多道能谱中观察到明显的全能峰,这一结果证明CsI-LiCl共晶可用于热中子探测的潜力。     

静电纺丝法制备CeO2微纳米纤维及其除氟性能

以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为载体,六水合硝酸铈[Ce(NO₃)₃·6H₂O]为原料,采用静电纺丝法制备了Ce(NO₃)₃/PAN纤维,在空气中热处理得到CeO₂微纳米纤维,通过XRD、BET和SEM对CeO₂微纳米纤维进行表征。采用静态吸附实验探讨了CeO₂微纳米纤维去除水溶液中氟离子的性能,考察了溶液pH值、初始氟离子浓度及共存阴离子等对吸附性能的影响。结果表明,pH=3时,CeO₂微纳米纤维对F^-的吸附性能最佳,CeO₂吸附量随着F^-浓度的增大呈上升趋势。CeO₂微纳米纤维对F^-的吸附等温线遵循Langmuir模型,二级动力学模型能很好地描述CeO₂微纳米纤维对F^-的吸附过程。CeO₂微纳米纤维的除氟性能优良,可为其实际应用提供理论参考。     

X-ray analysis of sideroxol from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sideritis leptoclada</Emphasis>

Sideroxol (1), a kaurane diterpene which has the ent-7α,18-dihydroxy-15β,16β-epoxykaurane structure (MW = 320.47, C₂₀H₃₂O₃) was obtained from the acetone extract of Sideritis leptoclada plant as well as from some other Sideritis species. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2₁, 2₁, 2₁ with a = 10.967(3), b = 24.555(5), c = 6.372(4) Å, Dc = 1.240 g cm⁻³, Z = 4, and refines to R = 0.065 for 721 independent reflections. The skeleton consists of three fused six-membered rings and a five-membered ring with fused epoxide. The six membered rings exhibited slightly distorted chair conformation. In addition to sideroxol, two kaurane and five kaurene diterpenes were isolated from the hexane and acetone extracts of the studied plant.     

Photoluminescence characteristics of Mg- and Si-doped GaN thin films grown by MOCVD technique

We have studied the optical, structural and surface morphology of doped and undoped GaN thin films. The p- and n-type thin films have been successfully prepared by low-pressure MOCVD technique by doping with Mg and Si, respectively. The different carrier concentrations were obtained in the GaN thin films by varying dopant concentrations. Photoluminescence (PL) studies were carried to find the defect levels in the doped and undoped GaN thin films at low temperature. In the undoped GaN thin films, a low intensity and broad yellow band peak was observed. The donor–acceptor pair (DAP) emission and its phonon replicas were observed in both the Si or Mg lightly doped GaN thin films. The dominance of the blue and the yellow emissions increased in the PL spectra, as the carrier concentration was increased. The XRD and SEM analyses were employed to study the structural and surface morphology of the films, respectively. Both the doped and the undoped films exhibited hexagonal structure and polycrystalline nature. Mg-doped GaN thin films showed columnar structure whereas Si-doped films exhibited spherical shape grains.     

New zeotype borophosphates with chiral tetrahedral topology: (H)0.5M1.25(H2O)1.5[BP2O8]·H2O (M = Co(II) and Mn(II))

Two new isostructural open‐framework zeotype transition metal borophosphate compounds, (H)_0.5M_1.25(H₂O)_1.5[BP₂O₈]·H₂O (M = Co(II) and Mn(II)) were synthesized by mild hydrothermal method. The structure of compounds were characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction which have ordered, alternating, vertex‐sharing BO₄, PO₄, and (MO₄)OM(H₂O)₂ groups with hexagonal, P 6₁ 2 2 (No 178) space group and unit cell parameters for Co a = 9.4960(6) Å, c = 15.6230(13) Å, for Mn a = 9.6547(12) Å, c = 15.791(3) Å, Z = 1 for both of them. TGA/DTA analysis, IR spectroscopy were used for characterization. Magnetic susceptibility measurements for both of the compound indicate strong antiferromagnetic interaction between metal centers. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Solubility of Ag2O into the Na2O–B2O3–Al2O3 system

The solubility of Ag₂O was measured for the Na₂O–B₂O₃ and Na₂O–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃ system with the rotating crucible method and static method, respectively, under air atmosphere at temperatures ranging from 1273 to 1423 K. The contamination of melts from crucibles could be avoided by the rotating crucible method, with which it became possible to measure the solubility of Ag₂O for the Na₂O–B₂O₃ system above the melting point of Ag for the first time. It was found that the addition of Na₂O decreases the solubility of Ag₂O while the addition of Al₂O₃ had little effect on the solubility. The effect of Na₂O and Al₂O₃ on the solubility of Ag₂O is expressed by interaction coefficients and is analyzed in terms of the basicity of melts. The solubility of Ag₂O in Na₂O–B₂O₃–Al₂O₃ melts increased with increased temperature. This phenomena was explained by a small enthalpy change in oxidation of silver.     

Selinidin: Crystal structure generated by C–H···O, C–H···π and π-π interactions

The title compound, 9,10-dihydro-8,8-dimethyl-2-oxo-2H,8H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b']dipyran-9-yl-2-methyl-2-butenoate, C₁₉H₂₀O₅, was isolated from the roots of Selinum vaginatum. The compound crystallizes into monoclinic space group P2 ₁ with unit cell parameters: a = 12.830(2) Å, b = 9.041(1) Å, c = 14.983(1) Å, β = 95.09(1)°, Z = 4. The crystal structure has been determined using direct methods and refined by full-matrix least-squares to a final R value of 0.0529 for 3142 observed reflections. There are two independent molecules, A and B, per asymmetric unit. In both the molecules, the coumarin nucleus is planar. However pronounced differences are observed in the conformation of dihydropyran ring which has a half-chair conformation with an 8β-9α orientation in molecule A and is intermediate between half-chair and sofa in molecule B. Differences also occur in the conformation of the 2-methylbutenoyloxy side chain at C9 due to the different geometry of C–H···π interactions in molecules A and B. Molecules A and B are connected by π–π interactions between their coumarin fragments forming dimers. The dimers interact through C–H···O and C–H···πhydrogen bonds.     

Chromene and Imidazole Based D-π-A Chemosensor Preparation and Its Anion Responsive Effects

We have designed and synthesized the colorimetric chemosensor through the reactions of 2-(4H-chromen-4-yildene)malonitrile and 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde. Due to its well conjugated D-π-A system and the existence of NH- fragment in structure, we expected that the chemosensor can detect anion using NH- fragment in the imidazole moiety of the structure. In this regard, UV-Vis absorption spectra were measured to investigate sensing properties of the probe toward different anions in DMSO. This chemosensor can detect both fluoride and cyanide ion with absorption change in intensity. In addition, pH sensing property was also investigated upon the addition of hydroxide ion. These properties are related to the deprotonation effect. The ICT system in this molecule was also observed by the computational approach using Material Studio 4.3 package.     

电子显微分析在表征纳米晶体化学组分中的应用

纳米材料的化学组分及含量影响其光、电、声、热、磁等物理性能,电子显微分析是表征纳米晶体化学组分的重要方法之一.本文综述了X-射线能谱(EDS)、X-射线波谱(WDS)、电子能量损失谱(EELS)和选区电子衍射(SAED)等现代电子显微分析技术在表征纳米晶体化学组分、形貌、尺寸和结构等方面的应用及其研究进展,并比较了这些分析方法存在的差异,提出了其应用中存在的不足及今后的研发方向.     

Considerations on the structure and physical properties of B2O3-SiO2 and GeO2-SiO2 glasses

Data of density, refractive index and thermal expansion coefficient for B₂O₃-SiO₂ and GeO_2-SiO₂ glasses have been analyzed. The volumes of the structural units are the same found for the vitreous B₂O₃, GeO₂ and SiO₂. The volume of any structural unit is constant over the entire composition region of the glass system. The same has been found for the differential refraction and unit refraction of the structural units in these glasses. Different features are observed for the differential expansion of the structural units. There is a considerable change with composition in the differential expansion of BO₃, GeO₄ and SiO₄ units. The effect is attributed to a change in the asymmetry of vibrations with the number of Si-O-B or Si-O-Ge linkages in the matrix. The thermal expansion coefficient is mainly determined by the contribution of B₂O₃ or GeO₂ in the concerned glasses.