Role of interfacial crystallites in the crystallization of α-Fe2O3/α-Al2O3(0 0 0 1) thin films

In situ crystallization of α-Fe₂O₃/α-Al₂O₃(0 0 0 1) thin films was studied in real-time synchrotron X-ray scattering experiments. We find the coexistence of α-Fe₂O₃ (hexagonal) and Fe₃O₄ (cubic) interfacial crystallites (∼50-Å-thick), well aligned [0.02° full-width at half-maximum (FWHM)] to the α-Al₂O₃[0 0 0 1] direction, in the sputter-grown amorphous films. As the annealing temperature increases up to 750°C, the cubic stacking of the Fe₃O₄ crystallites gradually changes to the hexagonal α-Fe₂O₃ stacking, together with the growth of the well-aligned (WA) (0.02° FWHM) grains from the α-Fe₂O₃ crystallites. In the meanwhile, heterogeneous nucleation starts to occur on the substrate at ∼600°C, resulting in the formation of misaligned (1.39° FWHM) α-Fe₂O₃ grains. Our study reveals that the interfacial crystallites act as a template for the growth of the WA α-Fe₂O₃ grains.     

BaZr0.35Ti0．65O3陶瓷的弛豫特性及可调性

采用固相法制备了BaZr0.35Ti0.65O3(BZT35)陶瓷.研究了它的弛豫性相变.样品在100 Hz～100 kHz下的介电温谱显示宽化的介电峰值温度,随着频率的增加向高温方向移动,表明了该样品的弛豫特性.弛豫指数(γ)和峰宽化参数(△)可以通过对居里-外斯定律的进行线性拟合得到,1 kHz频率下,γ=1.91,△=44.9 K,表明样品具有很强的弛豫特性.利用Vogel-Fulcher公式对数据拟合进一步证实了样品的弛豫特性.研究表明,BZT35陶瓷具有巨大的可调性,可应用于可调电容器.     

CaO-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-B2O3-SiO2系微晶釉的制备

通过引入B2O3以降低烧成温度,利用赤泥中的Fe2O3为着色剂,在1150℃左右低温烧成制备了CaO-MgO-Al2O3-Fe2O3-B2O3-SiO2系微晶釉.赤泥的加入量为20;左右时,釉面具有良好的装饰效果和显微硬度.利用XRD、SEM研究了釉的物相及显微组织.结果表明,釉中析出的微晶是普通辉石,微晶的含量随MgO及CaO的含量增加而增加,而提高Al2O3含量则抑制微晶的析出.     

Yb2O3-Y2O3-Gd2O3-ZrO2热障涂层制备及性能研究

以Yb2O3、Y2O3 、Gd2O3稀土氧化物粉末和ZrOCl2·8H2O粉末为原料,采用化学共沉淀法制备了Yb2O3-Y2O3-Gd2O3-ZrO2 (YYGZO)热喷涂用粉末,采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备了YYGZO涂层,利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)研究了YYGZO粉末及涂层的微观组织形貌、相结构.结果表明,制备的热喷涂YYGZO粉末大部分呈规则实心球体状,且球形度良好,颗粒粒径均匀,大部分颗粒粒径分布为30～60μm,流动性能较好,满足大气等离子喷涂的要求.YYGZO涂层具有较好的高温相结构稳定性.所制备YYGZO热障涂层组织结构比较致密,涂层各个界面结合紧密,孔隙率约为9.23;,结合强度为35.2 MPa.     

铁电相Tb2（M0O4）3晶体的生长和缺陷研究

钼酸铽[Tb2（M0O4）3]是一种具有铁电、铁弹和顺磁等多种性质的功能晶体。采用提拉法,沿[001]方向生长了Ф25mm×20mm的铁电相Tb2（M0O4）3晶体。采用化学腐蚀法、扫描电子显微镜（SEN）观察了晶体中的缺陷,结果显示,晶体中的主要缺陷是位错、镶嵌物。高分辨X射线衍射（摇摆曲线）实验表明所生长的Tb2（M0O4）3晶体具有很好的晶格完整性。     

Fe2O3-CO3O4共掺杂MgO-Al2O3-SiO2体系的红外辐射性能研究

采用固相反应法制备Fe2O3-Co3O4共掺杂MgO-Al2O3-SiO2体系的复合陶瓷材料,并通过XRD、SEM、XPS以及红外辐射测试等方法研究了样品的结晶行为与红外辐射性能.结果表明:Fe2 O3和Co3 O4共掺杂MgO-Al2 O3-SiO2体系后离子分布改变并生成混合尖晶石,从而引起品格畸变,从而有效提高材料的红外辐射性能.材料的红外发射率与其晶格畸变程度具有相同的变化趋势,并随Fe2 O3与Co3O4质量之比(R)的增加呈非线性变化.当R=3∶2时,材料在8 ～ 14 μm波段的辐射率可达0.92.     

Were J. Kepler and O. Krötenheerdt right?

It is established that one of the 12 Kepler nets (R, 3366 + 3636) belongs to Krötenheerdt nets. However, the number of Kepler nets remains 12, because one of them (L, 33336) is enantiomorphic. Along with 20 Krötenheerdt nets, there may be many other polytypes which enter infinite sequences of the O, OD, DO, D types.     

Luminescence and energy transfer in Dy3+/Tb3+ co-doped CaO–Al2O3–B2O3–RE2O3 glass

The new calcium aluminoborate glasses with the composition of CaO–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–RE₂O₃ (RE = Dy and Tb) were synthesized and the luminescence of Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺ was investigated. The results show that the emission intensity of Tb³⁺ ion was enhanced when introducing Dy³⁺ ion into CaO–Al₂O₃–B₂O₃–Tb₂O₃ glass due to the energy transfer processes between Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺. The energy transfer efficiencies, transfer probabilities as well as donor–acceptor critical distances were also calculated. The energy transfer mechanism between Dy³⁺ and Tb³⁺ ions is electric dipole–dipole interaction, which can be concluded by both fluorescence decay and emission intensity ratio varieties.     

La2O3掺杂对BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Fe2O3陶瓷的晶体结构和介电性能的影响

研究了La2O3 掺杂对BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Fe2O3(BTNF)基陶瓷的晶体结构和介电性能的影响.XRD分析表明:La2O3掺杂陶瓷的(200)和(002)晶面衍射峰都发生了明显分裂,说明陶瓷均以四方相为主晶相.随着La2O3含量的增加,四方率先增大后减小.用SEM研究La2O3对BTNF基陶瓷微观结构的影响,结果表明:随着La2O3掺杂量的增加,试样的晶粒明显变小,La2O3显著的抑制了晶粒的生长.当La2O3掺杂量为0.15 mol;时,陶瓷晶粒生长比较均匀.陶瓷的室温介电常数大体上呈现出先增大后减小的趋势,当La2O3掺杂量为0.15 mol;时,有最大介电常数4562.     

BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Fe2O3陶瓷介电性能的研究

利用传统方法制备了BaTiO3-Nb2O5-Fe2O3(BTNF)陶瓷,采用X射线衍射仪、电容测试仪、电滞回线测量仪等测试手段研究了不同添加剂(Fe2O3、Co2O3、Nb2O5)对陶瓷晶体结构、介电性能及铁电性的影响.结果表明:Nb2O5是施主掺杂,易引起晶格畸变,使四方率增大;而Fe2O3为受主掺杂,其可提高氧空位浓度,促进BaTiO3陶瓷晶粒生长.同时掺杂Fe2O3、Nb2O5时,可以相互补偿.当Fe2O3浓度约为0.15;摩尔分数,Nb2O5浓度为0.79;摩尔分数时,陶瓷的介电常数达到4443,温度特性≤±10;,可以满足Y5P瓷料的要求.     

TiO2烧结助剂对纳米η-Al2 O3制备Al2 O3-Cr2 O3固溶体的影响研究

以纳米η-Al₂O₃粉和工业铬绿为原料,以摩尔比1:1配比制备Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体,以TiO₂为烧结助剂,在还原气氛下经1400 ℃、1500 ℃和1600 ℃固相烧结.研究了TiO₂的加入对纳米η-Al₂O₃制备Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体的致密度、线收缩率、相组成、晶胞参数、互扩散程度和微观结构的影响.结果表明:TiO₂的加入能促进Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体的致密化;当温度为1600 ℃,TiO₂的添加量为2wt;时,试样的体积密度最大为4.57 g·cm^-3,线收缩率为19.8;;TiO₂的加入能使Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体中Al³⁺和Cr³⁺的互扩散程度增加;微观结构表明,TiO₂的加入能使Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃固溶体晶粒之间结合更紧密,实验温度范围内,随着TiO₂添加量的增加晶粒从沿晶断裂向穿晶断裂转变,只在晶间和晶内存在极少量气孔,当温度为1600 ℃,TiO₂的添加量为2wt;时,晶粒大小较均匀,平均晶粒尺寸约10μm.     

Er3+:NaY(Wo.9Moo.1O4)2晶体的生长及光谱性能

采用提拉法(CZ法),生长出质量良好的Er3+:NaY(W0.9Mo0.1O4)2晶体.通过X射线粉末衍射,红外光谱分析,并与NaY(WO4)2相比较,得到Er3+:NaY(W0.9Mo0.1O4)2晶体的结构与NYW类似,仍为四方晶系的白钨矿结构,I4(1)/α空间群.测定了晶体的实际组成,得到晶体中各元素均按理论值进行掺杂,计算了掺杂离子的分凝系数约为1.15.在光谱性质上,测试了晶体的吸收光谱,及晶体在50～1000cm-1波数范围内的拉曼光谱,并计算了各吸收峰的半峰宽及吸收系数A.     

R2O-RO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-P2O5系分相釉的研究

针对铁红分相釉的配方特点,采用L8(4 ×24)正交实验研究了钠长石、牛骨灰、滑石、方解石、石英加入量对R2O-RO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3-P2O5系统分相釉釉面效果的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)对釉层的微观结构进行了表征.研究发现:牛骨灰对釉面是否出现“柿红”效果影响最显著,而方解石影响最不明显.Si/P摩尔比对铁红色釉面的产生起关键作用,当Si/P摩尔比小于2O,出现铁红釉面效果的概率极高.随着滑石加入量从9份变化到18份,出现铁红色釉面的趋势反而降低.经SEM和EDS分析发现,“柿红色”、“酒红色”釉面效果的产生很大程度上是由于釉层液液分相促进Fe2O3富集或偏析造成,且特别容易在高钠、低镁、低铝处聚集,最终连成雪花状结晶.     

Bi precipitates in Na2O–B2O3 glasses

Bi particles of different sizes were produced in Na₂O–B₂O₃ glasses by melt quenching and heat treatment technique. Melting temperature of Bi particles was measured by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. Measured melting temperatures of Bi particles are lower than bulk Bi melting temperature. Results of transmission electron microscopy were analyzed for the dependence of melting temperature on particle radius. The pressure and surface energy effect on melting temperature is estimated. The melting behavior of Bi particles in Na₂O–B₂O₃ glasses depends on the difference in the interfacial energies between the solid particle/glass and liquid particle/glass, and liquid particle/glass, σ_sm−σ_lm, which is estimated to be 255×10⁻³ J m⁻².     

ZnO/B2O3对R2O-RO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2系统低温分相釉乳浊效果的影响

以K2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统为基础,通过添加氧化锌和硼酸钙,制备出了1120℃烧成的高白度无锆低硼低温分相乳浊釉,并借助TEM、XRD、FTIR和白度仪等测试手段研究了ZnO/B2 O3对乳浊釉分相结构和白度的影响,探讨了其乳浊机理.结果表明:随着ZnO/B2 O3的增大,釉面白度呈先增后降趋势,当ZnO/B2 O3为4.04时达最大值为80.5;.随着ZnO/B2 O3的增大,分相粒子尺寸逐渐减小,数量逐渐增多.ZnO/B2 O3过高,分相粒子尺寸太小,远小于可见光波长,不利于乳浊度的提高.