低温GaN插入层对AlGaN/GaN二维电子气特性的改善

利用低压MOCVD技术在蓝宝石衬底上生长了AlGaN/GaN二维电子气(2DEG)材料,在GaN生长中插入一层低温GaN,并研究了低温GaN插入层对二维电子气输运特性的影响.使用原子力显微镜(AFM)和非接触霍尔测试仪测量了材料的表面形貌和电学特性,发现低温GaN插入层可以改善材料表面平整度并使AlGaN/GaN 2DEG的电子迁移率有明显提高,GaN插入层温度为860℃的样品在室温下2DEG的电子迁移率达到2110 cm2/V·s.     

AlN插入层对AlGaN/GaN外延材料电学性能影响

采用MOCVD制备了带有MN插入层AlGaN/GaN异质结构外延材料,对外延材料分别进行了原子力显微镜AFM、双晶XRD以及变温HALL测试.测试结果表明:具有AlN插入层的外延材料表面非常平整,10 μm × 10 μm范围样品的表面均方根粗糙度RMS仅为0.302 nm,AlGaN势垒层衍射峰更尖锐,材料结构特性良好,大大提高了AlGaN/GaN异质结的2DEG面密度和迁移率,280 K和300 K时沟道电子迁移率分别为4736 cm2/V·s和1785 cm2/V·s,比无MN插入层的传统结构得到的结果分别提高了45.7;和23.4;.     

低温AlN插入层的生长温度对AlGaN/GaN量子阱应力弛豫作用的影响

利用高分辨X射线衍射仪(HRXRD)及原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了低温AlN插入层的生长温度对AlGaN/GaN量子阱应力弛豫作用的影响.结果表明,低温AlN插入层不同的生长温度会导致AlGaN/GaN量子阱不同的表面粗糙度及穿透位错密度,并且当生长温度达到640℃时样品中表面粗糙度及穿透位错密度达到最低,同时具有最高的载流子迁移率及带边发光峰强度.在不同的生长温度,低温AlN表面具有不同的表面形貌.不同的表面形貌将直接影响界面处位错主滑移系的开动及位错阻挡机制.通过分析可以得知,低温AlN不同的表面形貌是由于Al原子在不同温度下的不同的迁移机制造成.     

100 mm GaAs PHEMT外延材料生长稳定性控制研究

研究了100 mm GaAs赝配高电子迁移率晶体管(PHEMT)外延材料量产的稳定性控制.通过选择控制参数和控制周期,提高了外延材料性能的重复性和稳定性.12个样品方阻的标准差为0.53;,全部偏差1.66;.通过优化生长工艺有效的降低了样品表面颗粒,样品表面颗粒数量减小到612/片,这些参数均达到或超过国外主流外延厂商水平.     

苏州纳米所在增强型GaN HEMT器件研究方面取得进展

<正>由于GaN具有大禁带宽度、高电子迁移率、高击穿场强等优点,GaN HEMT成为新一代功率器件研究的热点。由于极化作用,AlGaN/GaN异质结界面会形成高浓度的二维电子气,浓度可达到1013/cm~2量级,因此一般的GaN HEMT都是耗尽型器件。如何实现增强型GaN HEMT一直是该领域研究的难点,目前几种主要用来制备增强型器件的方案包括:p型栅、凹槽栅、F处理和Cascode结构。其中,p型栅的方案已经被很     

一个实用的生产用Ⅲ-Ⅴ族化合物半导体材料Turbo-Disc MOCVD生长模型

在MOCVD质量控制生长模式下,通过分析Ⅲ-Ⅴ族化合物半导体材料在衬底表面的反应过程,建立了一个实用的生长模型.此模型是基于分子动力学、化学反应热力学理论分析之上的.针对Turbo-Disc 反应体系,分析了Turbo-Disc 的传热以及质量传送模式后, 建立了Turbo-Disc的生长模型.在此模型中建立了输入反应室的参数(IPs)和边界层的生长参数的关系.在对组分匹配的GaInP/GaAs 三组分生长体系进行分析时,发现此模型是非常有效的,理论计算的结果与实验得到的结果非常吻合.应用此模型在实际生产中可以迅速地得到匹配的多组分外延层.     

加氮对直流电弧等离子体喷射金刚石膜生长、形貌和质量的影响

利用直流等离子体喷射化学气相沉积法制备掺氮的金刚石厚膜.本文研究了在甲烷/氩气/氢气中加入氮气对金刚石膜生长、形貌和质量的影响.反应气体的比例由质量流量计控制,在固定氢气(5000sccm)、氩气(3000sccm)、甲烷(100sccm)流量的情况下改变氮气的流量,即反应气体中氮原子和碳原子的变化比例(N/ C比)范围是从0.06到0.68.同时金刚石膜在固定的腔体压力(4kPa)和衬底温度(800℃)下生长.金刚石膜用扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼谱和X射线衍射表征.结果表明,氮气在反应气体中的大量加入对直流等离子体喷射制备金刚石膜的形貌、生长速率、晶体取向、成核密度等有非常显著的影响.     

过渡层结构和生长工艺条件对Si基GaN的影响

为了提高MOCVD外延硅基GaN材料的质量，在硅（111）衬底上以HT-AlN为缓冲层，在缓冲层上再生长变组份过渡层后外延生长GaN。过渡层为多层复合结构，分为高温变组分AlGaN、GaN、低温AlN、高温变组分AlGaN。在高温生长AlGaN和GaN层中插入一层低温生长AlN以缓解降温过程中应力对厚GaN层的影响，为了缓慢释放热应力、采用合适的慢降温工艺。当外延层的厚度小于1．7微米时GaN外延层无龟裂，而厚度不断增加时，GaN外延层产生龟裂。本文研究了AlN缓冲层生长温度、高温变组分AlGaN生长过程中生长时间的变化对所生长GaN材料的影响。采用三维视频显微镜、高分辨率双晶X射线衍射（DCXRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）和室温光致荧光光谱（RT-PL）对样品进行了测试分析。测试结果表明所研制的硅基GaN表面光亮、平整，过渡层的引入有利于降低外延层中应力，提高GaN结晶质量。     

一个实用的生产用Ⅲ-V族化合物半导体材料Turbo-DiscMOCVD生长模型(英文)

在MOCVD质量控制生长模式下 ,通过分析Ⅲ -V族化合物半导体材料在衬底表面的反应过程 ,建立了一个实用的生长模型。此模型是基于分子动力学、化学反应热力学理论分析之上的。针对Turbo -Disc反应体系 ,分析了Turbo -Disc的传热以及质量传送模式后 ,建立了Turbo -Disc的生长模型。在此模型中建立了输入反应室的参数 (IPs)和边界层的生长参数的关系。在对组分匹配的GaInP/GaAs三组分生长体系进行分析时 ,发现此模型是非常有效的 ,理论计算的结果与实验得到的结果非常吻合。应用此模型在实际生产中可以迅速地得到匹配的多组分外延层。     

成核层温度对非掺杂GaN外延薄膜结晶质量的影响

利用金属有机化学气相沉积系统(MOCVD),在蓝宝石的(0001)面采用不同的成核层生长温度,通过两步法获得不同质量的GaN外延薄膜.利用HALL测试仪,高分辨X射线衍射仪(HRXRD),原子力显微镜(AFM)和光致发光光谱仪(PL)对GaN薄膜的表面形貌,位错密度,光学性能等进行表征,研究不同的成核温度对GaN外延薄膜晶体质量的影响.结果表明,在成核层生长温度为650℃时,所得到的GaN外延薄膜表面粗糙度和位错密度均达到最低,并且同时具有最高的带边发光峰强度,最高的载流子迁移率以及最低的载流子浓度.过低或过高的成核温度都会导致GaN外延层的晶体质量和光电性能变差.     

Relationship of Morphological Types of Dynamic Forms of Crystals

Crystallography Reports - The relationship of morphological spectra (sets of data on the morphological types of real polyhedral crystals and their probabilities under current physicochemical...     

A review of measurement of thermophysical properties of silicon melt

Measurements of thermophysical properties of Si melt and supplementary study of X-ray scattering/diffraction by the authors' group were reviewed. The values obtained differed variously from those of literature. Density was 2–3% larger, surface tension 20–30% smaller, viscosity up to 40% larger, electrical conductivity 8% smaller, spectral emissivity more or less in good agreement with literature values, and thermal diffusivity a few percent larger. An anomalous density jump was found near the melting point. Surface tension and viscosity also showed anomaly. A strange time-dependent change of density was observed over 3 h after melting. X-ray analyses suggested a slight change in local atom ordering, but showed no sign of cluster formation. An addition of 0.1 at% gallium caused the density jump to disappear, while that of boron caused no change. An EXAFS study of the former melt indicated a strong interaction between Ga and Si atoms as if molecules of GaSi₃ existed. The implications of the measured properties are a possibility of soft-turbulence in an Si melt in a relatively large crucible, a more complicated manner of intake of oxygen depleted molten Si from the free surface region to underneath the growing crystal, and a relaxation of the melt after melting arising from trapped gas species.     

Generation of crystal structures of heteromolecular compounds by the method of discrete modeling of packings

Within the method of discrete modeling of packings, an algorithm of generation of possible crystal structures of heteromolecular compounds containing two or three molecules in the primitive unit cell, one of which has an arbitrary shape and the other (two others) has a shape close to spherical, is proposed. On the basis of this algorithm, a software package for personal computers is developed. This package has been approved for a number of compounds, investigated previously by X-ray diffraction analysis. The results of generation of structures of five compounds—four organic salts (with one or two spherical anions) and one solvate—are represented.     

Development of Pauling's concepts of geometric characteristics of atoms

The evolution of the geometric characteristics introduced by Pauling and their dependence on the specific features of the structure and chemical bonds have been considered. The values of the covalent and van der Waals radii are given as well as their relationships and mutual transitions.     

Investigation of the Mechanism of Influence of Stress Corrosion on the Development of Macroplastic Instabilities of Aluminum–Magnesium Alloy

Crystallography Reports - Macroscopic jumps of plastic deformation (few percent in amplitude) on creep curves of aluminum–magnesium alloy, caused by a local effect of concentrated solution of...     

Comparative analysis of two methods of calculation of the orientation of domain walls in ferroelastics

Two types of domain-wall equations are analyzed: the equations derived by the Sapriel method and the equations obtained by interface matching of the thermal-expansion tensor. It is shown that, for W-type domain walls, these methods yield the same equations. For W′-type domain walls, the equations obtained by different methods coincide for proper ferroelastics and differ for improper ferroelastics.     

Dependence of the parameters of equations of viscous flow on chemical composition of silicate melts

The temperature dependence of viscosity of silicate melts is discussed in the framework of the Avramov–Milchev (AM) equation. The composition is described by means of two parameters: the molar fraction, x, and the “lubricant fraction”, l. The molar fraction is the sum of the molar parts x_i of all oxides dissolved in SiO₂, the molar fraction of the latter being 1 ? x. It is shown that, with sufficient precision, two of the parameters of the AM equation can be presented as unique functions of the molar fraction. On the other hand, x is not sufficient to determine properly the reference temperature T_r , at which viscosity is η_r = 10¹³ [dPa.s]. Therefore, additional parameter, “lubricant fraction” l, is introduced. For each of the components, l_i is a product of molar part x_i and a specific dimensionless coefficient 0 ≤ k_i ≤ 1 accounting for the specific contribution of this component to the increased mobility of the system. It is demonstrated that, for l > 0, the reference temperature is related to the “lubricant fraction” l through the reference temperature T_r,SiO2 of pure SiO₂.     

A SAXS study of kinetics of aggregation of silica sols

SAXS in situ experiments on the evolution of TMOS solutions during hydrolysis and polycondensation lead to power laws with scaling exponents ≈ 2. It is suggested that this could be the result of the polydispersity of the samples and that only an apparent fractal dimension can be obtained in this way. Kinetic studies tend to indicate that agglomeration in the sol is the result of a diffusion-controlled process.     

Study of the possibility of interactive control of the surface profile of X-ray optical elements

We investigate the possibility of controlling the curvature parameters of parabolic mirrors that are modular elements of two types consisting of a base and thin inserts placed at the opposite side of the work surface. In the first type of modular elements, bending is controlled by the difference in the coefficients of the thermal expansion of the base and inserts. In the second type of elements, the profile is changed by the piezoelectric straining of the inserts under an electric field. A correlation is established between the parameters of modular elements and their surface curvature profile.