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利用相衬显微镜结合化学腐蚀法,进行了沿 010 方向提拉生长的GdCa4O(BO3)3(GdCOB)晶体中的缺陷观察.发现位错是 010 方向生长的晶体中的重要缺陷.在不同方向的晶体切片上观察了螺位错和刃位错蚀坑,位错塞积,平底蚀坑及尖底蚀坑.位错密度随晶体长度的变化而变化.在晶体的尾部观测到位错密度为103/cm2,而在晶体的初始部位位错密度很低,只有40/cm2.在晶体的X,Z及 401 方向的切片的正反两面观察到的位错蚀坑现象完全不同,可以认为GdCOB晶体为单畴极性晶体,自发极化方向沿z轴方向. 相似文献
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本文报道了用化学腐蚀、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱分析等方面观测布里奇曼法生长的Cr∶LiCaAlF6晶体中的缺陷。分析讨论了晶体中缺陷的形成原因和减少缺陷的措施。 相似文献
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2μm波段激光晶体Tm:YAP的生长缺陷 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用提拉法沿a、b、c轴方向生长了Tm:YAP晶体,研究了该晶体的几种常见缺陷.通过化学腐蚀,利用光学显微镜观察了Tm:YAP晶体主要晶面的位错腐蚀坑形貌,发现在沿b轴生长晶体的(010)面上存在位错蚀坑密度不同的区域,对其成因进行了分析.借助偏光显微镜研究了晶体中的孪晶及消光现象,分析了成因并提出了消除措施.用He-Ne激光对晶体内的散射颗粒分布进行了研究,在扫描电镜(SEM)下观察到形状不规则的散射颗粒夹杂.上述研究结果对获得优质Tm:YAP晶体具有重要意义. 相似文献
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采用水平定向结晶法(HDS)成功生长出了质量优异的板状蓝宝石晶体.利用光学显微镜,扫描电镜(SEM),并结合化学腐蚀法对生长出的蓝宝石晶体不同位置的样品进行宏观缺陷及微观位错形貌的观测和研究,分析了水平定向结晶法生长蓝宝石晶体的宏观缺陷类型和位错的形貌,探讨了该缺陷在晶体中的分布规律及其形成原因.实验结果发现晶体的宏观缺陷主要包括气泡和包裹体.并结合能谱(EDS)测试包裹体的成分,分析其形成的原因.结果表明块状或絮状的小尺寸包裹体主要是由于C,Si杂质聚集原料中的其它杂质形成;长条形或圆形的大尺寸包裹体是由于Al,O元素的化学计量比严重适配,造成固液界面局部组分过冷形成.结合化学腐蚀法,发现该晶体的位错形貌均为三角型腐蚀坑,并探讨了晶体中位错的形态. 相似文献
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本文采用助熔剂法在无氧气氛的条件下成功生长出了大块透明的紫外非线性光学晶体K2Al2B2O7.这种方法有效地克服了晶体在紫外区域产生的非本征光吸收,顺磁共振谱测试表明,晶体中Fe杂质已经降低到不影响紫外透过的水平.XRD物相鉴定证明得到了K2Al2B2O7纯相,但晶体生长过程中容易形成光散射颗粒,降低了晶体的激光损伤阈值.对晶体进行化学腐蚀,采用金相显微镜观察发现有光散射颗粒的KABO晶体表面有许多腐蚀坑,而无光散射颗粒的晶体没有腐蚀坑.最后讨论了KABO晶体中光散射颗粒形成的原因以及消除的办法. 相似文献
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分别对两种不同的6H-SiC晶体进行了总通量为5.74×10~(18) n· cm~(-2)、8.2×10~(18) n· cm~(-2)和1.72×10~(19) n· cm~(-2)的不同剂量的中子辐照,利用X射线衍射等手段观测了中子辐照引起的晶体内部损伤.结果表明:两种样品在不同的中子通量辐照下,消除部分原始缺陷的、纯度较高的样品辐照后的内部损伤明显小于纯度较低、内部原始缺陷较多的样品.样品的辐照损伤不仅取决于中子辐照剂量,还取决于其辐照时的成分和结构.晶体的结构缺陷和杂质,作为一种"钉扎",在辐照过程中作用极大,它们导致了晶体的长程缺陷(如位错)的大幅度增加. 相似文献
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X. Sun Z. P. Wang S. L. Wang Q. T. Gu X. G. Xu Y. P. Li C. S. Fang 《Crystal Research and Technology》2004,39(9):796-799
The origin of three kinds of scatter centers in KDP and DKDP crystals and their relations were investigated. The results have shown that solid inclusions will form liquid and gas inclusions in KDP (DKDP) crystals. The effect of scatter centers on Laser Damage Threshold of the crystals is not same because their sizes are different. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
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通过传统降温法生长了不同EDTA和KCl剂量掺杂的KDP晶体,并观察了晶体的光散射情况,测定了晶体柱区样品的透过率和晶体中Fe、Cr、Cl三种杂质元素的含量,结果表明:低浓度的EDTA(0.01 mol;)和KCl(<1.5 mol;)掺杂可以提高晶体的透过率,但高浓度掺杂(0.01 mol;EDTA, 2.0 mol; KCl)会导致晶体散射严重,透过率降低,KCl浓度达到2.5 mol;后晶体生长受到抑制,晶体缺陷严重;晶体中铁Fe3+、Cr3+的总含量随着掺杂浓度的增加而减少,晶体中并没有发现Cl元素存在. 相似文献
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This article reviews the principle changes which have occured during the last three years in the techniques used to produce single crystals of oxide and similar single crystals from the melt. The technological demands created by device applications are emphasized and the current state of knowledge upon the major crystalline defects is discussed. The role of accurate phase diagram analysis, the importance now attached to the atmosphere in which a crystal grows and the relevance of looking at crystals with greater resolution are stressed particularly. 相似文献
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Resonant diffraction of synchrotron radiation (SR) is a modern method of studying the structure and properties of condensed matter that can be implemented on third-generation synchrotrons. This method allows one to investigate local properties of media (including magnetic and electronic ones) and observe thermal vibrations, defects, and orbital and charge orderings. A brief review of the advance provided by SR resonant diffraction is presented, and the capabilities of this method for analyzing phase transitions are considered in more detail by the example of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and rubidium dihydrogen phosphate crystals. It is shown that the investigation of the temperature dependence of forbidden reflections not only makes it possible to observe the transition from para- to ferroelectric phase, but also gives information about the proton distribution at hydrogen bonds. 相似文献
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We have applied positron annihilation spectroscopy to study in-grown vacancy defects in bulk GaN crystals grown by the ammonothermal method. We observe a high concentration of Ga vacancy related defects in n-type samples in spite of the low growth temperature, suggesting that oxygen impurities promote the formation of vacancies also through other mechanisms than a mere reduction of thermodynamical formation enthalpy. On the other hand, no positron trapping at vacancy defects is observed in Mg-doped p-type samples, as expected when the Fermi level is close to the valence band and intrinsic defects are dominantly positively charged. Annealing of the samples at temperatures well above the growth temperature is found to change significantly the defect structure of the material. 相似文献