Ce∶KNSBN晶体写入光位置对两波耦合增益的影响

本文采用非同时读出条件下两波耦合实验装置,以532 nm的单频固体激光器为光源,在不同写入光夹角θ、抽运光的偏振方向与e偏振光的方向呈10°、信号光为e偏振光及不同信号光与抽运光光强比条件下,通过改变写入光在Ce∶KNSBN晶体内的不同位置研究其对两波耦合有效增益的影响。研究结果表明,在相同角度下写入光强比为1∶10,写入光在晶体内位置d=0.1 cm时最佳,有效增益达到最大。在最佳写入光位置,写入光强比为1∶10时,在写入光夹角为24°时两波耦合有效增益为最大。并对实验结果进行了理论拟合与分析。     

Ce∶KNSBN晶体两波耦合动态过程研究

本文在非同时读出条件下,采用实时数据采集系统,实验研究了e偏振光写入Ce∶KNSBN晶体两波耦合动态过程,发现不同的写入光强比和写入总光强对晶体中两波耦合过程产生明显的影响;当He-Ne 632.8nm激光通过Ce∶KNSBN晶体时,光扇效应存在明显的写入光强阈值特性,其阈值约为20mW/cm2.依据实验结果对考虑光扇影响的耦合波方程进行了修正,其数值计算与实验结果基本符合.     

Ce：KNSBN晶体两波耦合动态过程研究

本文在非同时读出条件下，采用实时数据采集系统，实验研究了e偏振光写入Ce：KNSBN晶体两波耦合动态过程，发现不同的写入光强比和写入总光强对晶体中两波耦合过程产生明显的影响；当He-Ne632．8mm激光通过Ce：KNSBN晶体时，光扇效应存在明显的写入光强阈值特性，其阈值约为20mW／cm^2。依据实验结果对考虑光扇影响的耦合波方程进行了修正，其数值计算与实验结果基本符合。     

Cr:KNSBN晶体两波耦合及其图像存储

本文以He-Ne 632.8nm激光为写入光,在非同时读出条件下,实验研究了e偏振光写入Cr:KNSBN晶体两波耦合过程中信号光和泵浦光的透射光强随时间的变化,以及单束泵浦光的透射光强随时间的变化,实验结果表明,泵浦光损失的能量几乎全部转移到了信号光方向,基本不存在散射光;并以二值化图像作为物在晶体内进行了图像存储实验,其再现图像清晰,信噪比高,没有观察到扇形光的影响.     

优良全息光折变存储材料-双掺铌酸锂晶体

我们生长与后处理了一系列双掺铌酸锂晶体,通过光折变存储性能的测试,在这些晶体中,我们发现了三种双掺晶体:LN:Fe,Mg;LN∶Fe,In;LN∶Fe,Zn,它们具有优良的光折变存储性能,即高衍射效率(高达60～80;)、快光折变响应(比LN∶Fe 晶体缩短了一个数量级)、和强抗光散射能力(比LN∶Fe提高近两个数量级).我们还系统地研究了光强阈值效应与全息写入的关系以及全息写入与入射光强的关系,发现在光强阈值附近耦合强度有一最大值,从而提出了最佳写入光强的概念.另外,全息光栅热固定研究还显示,双掺铌酸锂晶体比单掺Fe的铌酸锂晶体具有更优良的热固定性质:快固定时间、高固定效率、长固定寿命等.     

外加磁场对掺铁铌酸锂晶体中折射率光栅擦除过程的影响

研究了外加磁场对掺铁铌酸锂晶体中折射率光栅擦除过程的影响.在写入和擦除过程中分别或同时外加磁场,测量了不同擦除光强下磁场对光栅擦除过程的影响.结果表明,外加磁场对折射率光栅擦除时间存在明显影响.在光栅写入或光栅擦除过程分别外加磁场时,光栅擦除时间增加;但是当在写入和擦除过程同时外加磁场时,光栅的擦除时间明显变短.擦除时间变化与擦除光强相关,擦除光强越弱,磁场对擦除时间的变化越明显.进一步的研究发现擦除时间的变化来自于磁场对铌酸锂晶体中等效暗电导的影响.以上实验结果显示,外加磁场可以成为掺铁铌酸锂晶体光折变光栅的调控手段.     

抽运光偏振态对晶体两波耦合增益的影响

采用非同时读出条件下晶体两波耦合实验装置,以532 nm单频固体激光器为光源,研究了抽运光偏振态对Ce: KNSBN晶体两波耦合有效增益的影响.结果表明:在信号光为e光且入射光夹角为30 °条件下,当抽运光偏振态与e光夹角为10 °时,有效增益最大;通过比较信号光打开与关闭条件下不同偏振态抽运光入射晶体时信号光及抽运光透射光强,分析得出最大增益存在的原因是偏振角为10 °时抽运光的o光分量很好的起到了擦除光扇的作用,抑制了光扇的发生,从而增益最大.取抽运光偏振态与e光夹角为10 °,研究入射光光强比对Ce: KNSBN晶体两波耦合有效增益的影响,结果发现随入射光光强比的增大,有效增益先增大后减小,光强比为1: 50时对应的增益最大为33.8.同时对研究结果进行了相应的物理解释.     

近化学计量比掺镁铌酸锂晶体的抗光折变性能

应用气相传输平衡技术,我们获得了3种近化学计量比掺镁铌酸锂晶体,晶体的掺镁量接近我们以前提出的第二阈值.在我们实验室所能达到的最大光强26 MW/cm2照射下,在所有近化学计量比掺镁铌酸锂晶片中没有观察到光斑畸变,该光强比同成分铌酸锂晶体所能承受的光强高6个量级,为目前已报道的铌酸锂晶体之最.应用双光束全息写入法测得掺1.0 mol; Mg近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体的光折变饱和值仅有4.6×10-7,比同成分铌酸锂晶体小两个量级,从已有实验数据推测,该晶体的抗光折变能力应当比同成分铌酸锂晶体高9个量级以上.     

Scx:Fey:Cuz:LN晶体的生长及非挥发性全息存储的研究

本文首次采用Czochralski法生长优质的Scx:Fey:Cuz:LN (x=0,1;, 2;, 3;, 3.5;, y=0.1;, z=0.06;)晶体.测试了晶体抗光致散射能力,以二波耦合光路测试晶体的衍射效率、写入时间和擦除时间,计算光折变灵敏度和动态范围.结果表明:Sc(2mol;):Fe:Cu:LN和Sc(3mol;):Fe:Cu:LN晶体抗光致散射能力比Fe:Cu:LN晶体高两个数量级以上,Scx:Fey:Cuz:LN晶体的写入速度、光折变灵敏度和动态范围等全息存储性能优于Fe:LN晶体.首次采用氪离子激光(482.0 nm,蓝光)作开关光,氦氖激光(632.8 nm,红光)做记录光,以Sc:Fe:Cu:LN晶体作为双光子全息存储记录介质,实现了双光子全息存储固定(非挥发性全息存储).     

掺钼近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体的光折变性能研究

通过生长一系列掺钼近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体,研究了晶体的光折变性能,发现在488 nm和532 nm波长辐照下,当Mo的掺入量为0.5mol;时,晶体的光折变灵敏度分别达到0.25 cm/J和0.21 cm/J.此外,极化条件的改变可以缩短晶体在488 nm波长辐照下的光折变响应时间.通过红外光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱和X射线光电子能谱的测试,对掺钼近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体的光折变性能变化的机制进行了研究.     

Relationship of Morphological Types of Dynamic Forms of Crystals

Crystallography Reports - The relationship of morphological spectra (sets of data on the morphological types of real polyhedral crystals and their probabilities under current physicochemical...     

Development of Pauling's concepts of geometric characteristics of atoms

The evolution of the geometric characteristics introduced by Pauling and their dependence on the specific features of the structure and chemical bonds have been considered. The values of the covalent and van der Waals radii are given as well as their relationships and mutual transitions.     

A review of measurement of thermophysical properties of silicon melt

Measurements of thermophysical properties of Si melt and supplementary study of X-ray scattering/diffraction by the authors' group were reviewed. The values obtained differed variously from those of literature. Density was 2–3% larger, surface tension 20–30% smaller, viscosity up to 40% larger, electrical conductivity 8% smaller, spectral emissivity more or less in good agreement with literature values, and thermal diffusivity a few percent larger. An anomalous density jump was found near the melting point. Surface tension and viscosity also showed anomaly. A strange time-dependent change of density was observed over 3 h after melting. X-ray analyses suggested a slight change in local atom ordering, but showed no sign of cluster formation. An addition of 0.1 at% gallium caused the density jump to disappear, while that of boron caused no change. An EXAFS study of the former melt indicated a strong interaction between Ga and Si atoms as if molecules of GaSi₃ existed. The implications of the measured properties are a possibility of soft-turbulence in an Si melt in a relatively large crucible, a more complicated manner of intake of oxygen depleted molten Si from the free surface region to underneath the growing crystal, and a relaxation of the melt after melting arising from trapped gas species.     

Generation of crystal structures of heteromolecular compounds by the method of discrete modeling of packings

Within the method of discrete modeling of packings, an algorithm of generation of possible crystal structures of heteromolecular compounds containing two or three molecules in the primitive unit cell, one of which has an arbitrary shape and the other (two others) has a shape close to spherical, is proposed. On the basis of this algorithm, a software package for personal computers is developed. This package has been approved for a number of compounds, investigated previously by X-ray diffraction analysis. The results of generation of structures of five compounds—four organic salts (with one or two spherical anions) and one solvate—are represented.     

Investigation of the Mechanism of Influence of Stress Corrosion on the Development of Macroplastic Instabilities of Aluminum–Magnesium Alloy

Crystallography Reports - Macroscopic jumps of plastic deformation (few percent in amplitude) on creep curves of aluminum–magnesium alloy, caused by a local effect of concentrated solution of...     

Comparative analysis of two methods of calculation of the orientation of domain walls in ferroelastics

Two types of domain-wall equations are analyzed: the equations derived by the Sapriel method and the equations obtained by interface matching of the thermal-expansion tensor. It is shown that, for W-type domain walls, these methods yield the same equations. For W′-type domain walls, the equations obtained by different methods coincide for proper ferroelastics and differ for improper ferroelastics.     

Dependence of the parameters of equations of viscous flow on chemical composition of silicate melts

The temperature dependence of viscosity of silicate melts is discussed in the framework of the Avramov–Milchev (AM) equation. The composition is described by means of two parameters: the molar fraction, x, and the “lubricant fraction”, l. The molar fraction is the sum of the molar parts x_i of all oxides dissolved in SiO₂, the molar fraction of the latter being 1 ? x. It is shown that, with sufficient precision, two of the parameters of the AM equation can be presented as unique functions of the molar fraction. On the other hand, x is not sufficient to determine properly the reference temperature T_r , at which viscosity is η_r = 10¹³ [dPa.s]. Therefore, additional parameter, “lubricant fraction” l, is introduced. For each of the components, l_i is a product of molar part x_i and a specific dimensionless coefficient 0 ≤ k_i ≤ 1 accounting for the specific contribution of this component to the increased mobility of the system. It is demonstrated that, for l > 0, the reference temperature is related to the “lubricant fraction” l through the reference temperature T_r,SiO2 of pure SiO₂.     

A SAXS study of kinetics of aggregation of silica sols

SAXS in situ experiments on the evolution of TMOS solutions during hydrolysis and polycondensation lead to power laws with scaling exponents ≈ 2. It is suggested that this could be the result of the polydispersity of the samples and that only an apparent fractal dimension can be obtained in this way. Kinetic studies tend to indicate that agglomeration in the sol is the result of a diffusion-controlled process.     

Study of the possibility of interactive control of the surface profile of X-ray optical elements

We investigate the possibility of controlling the curvature parameters of parabolic mirrors that are modular elements of two types consisting of a base and thin inserts placed at the opposite side of the work surface. In the first type of modular elements, bending is controlled by the difference in the coefficients of the thermal expansion of the base and inserts. In the second type of elements, the profile is changed by the piezoelectric straining of the inserts under an electric field. A correlation is established between the parameters of modular elements and their surface curvature profile.