织构化K0.5Na0.5NbO3无铅压电陶瓷的性能研究

以分析纯Na2CO3、Bi2O3和Nb2O5为原料,以NaCl为熔盐,采用二次熔盐法和拓扑化学反应法合成各向异性片状NaNbO3粉体.以该片状NaNbO3粉体为模板品粒,以固相法合成的NaNbO3和KNbO3粉体为基料,采用流延工艺制备出较高取向度的织构化K0.5Na0.5NbO3(KNN)无铅压电陶瓷,系统研究了模板含量、烧结温度和保温时间等工艺参数对织构化KNN陶瓷显微结构和压电性能的影响规律.研究结果表明:随着模板含量的增加,陶瓷的取向度逐渐增加,当模板含量为15 wt;时,陶瓷的取向度可达0.69,当模板含量为10 wt;,1100 ℃下保温5 h烧结,可以获得具有一定织构度(f=0.58)的KNN陶瓷,并表现出优异的压电性能,d33=128 pC/ N.     

熔盐法制备高性能铌酸钾钠无铅压电陶瓷

用熔盐法合成铌酸钾钠(Na0.52K0.48NbO3,N52K48N)陶瓷粉体,用传统固相烧结工艺制备N52K48N陶瓷.研究了熔盐含量和烧结温度对N52K48N陶瓷粉体及其所制备陶瓷的相结构、微观形貌及电学性能的影响.结果发现,熔盐法在750℃就合成了单一钙钛矿结构的N52K48N陶瓷粉体;随熔盐含量增加,N52K48N陶瓷粉体粒径增大,粉体团聚现象明显减弱.当熔盐与反应物质量之比为1∶5,烧结温度T=1050℃时,所制备的N52K48N陶瓷具有优异的电学性能:压电常数d33=137 pC/N,机电耦合系数kp=32.6;,居里温度Tc=410℃,表明熔盐法是一种很有前途的铌酸钾钠陶瓷制备方法.     

TGG法制备织构化K0.5Na0.5NbO3无铅压电陶瓷的性能研究

以熔盐法制备的K4Nb6O17片状粉体为前驱体,通过质子取代法制备了片状Nb2O5粉体,并且以其为模板结合模板晶粒生长(TGG)技术制备出较高织构度的X0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN)织构化无铅压电陶瓷,研究了不同工艺参数(模板含量、烧结温度和保温时间)对KNN织构化陶瓷的显微结构、介电性能以及压电性能的影响规律.研究结果表明:当模板含量、烧成温度和保温时间分别为10wt;,1120℃和5h时,可以获得织构度f为0.78的KNN织构化无铅压电陶瓷,并具有优异的压电和介电性能:平行于流延方向压电常数d33=141 pC/N,介电常数ε3T/ε0=503和平面机电耦合系数kp=39.7;;垂直于流延方向d33=112 pC/N,εT33/ε0=454和kp=37.5;.     

模板晶粒定向生长技术制备(Na0.8K0.2)0.5Bi0.5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷的性能研究

以熔盐法和质子取代法制备的片状Nb2O5粉体为模板晶粒,固相法合成的(Na0.8K0.2)05Bi0.5TiO3 (NKBT)粉体为基料,分别采用固相压制成型(干法)和流延成型(湿法)工艺制备出具有较高取向度的织构化NKBT无铅压电陶瓷,研究了两种成型工艺对NKBT无铅压电陶瓷的显微结构、压电性能和介电性能的影响.结果表明:采用湿法工艺制备的织构陶瓷的各项性能优于干法工艺,采用湿法工艺在1150℃保温5h时,可以获得较高织构度(f=0.66)的NKBT无铅压电陶瓷,并具有优异的压电和介电性能:压电常数d33 =149 pC/N,介电常数ε3T3/ε0=912和平面机电耦合系数kp=29.4;.     

熔盐用量对Bi3NbTiO9粉体合成的影响

采用氯化钠作为熔盐,利用熔盐法合成Bi3NbTiO9(BNTO)粉体,采用SEM和XRD研究了熔盐用量对粉体合成温度和粉体的形貌特征的影响.研究结果表明:熔盐用量对粉体合成温度以及形貌有很大影响.当熔盐和原料比例超过4: 1时,粉体颗粒尺寸明显增加,形貌呈现典型的四方片状,而且在相同条件下增大熔盐比例可以避免杂相生成.     

熔盐法合成SrBi2Nb2O9粉体

以分析纯的Bi2O3,Nb2O5 和 SrCO3为原料,以KCl和NaCl为熔盐,采用熔盐法在800～1000 ℃合成了片状SrBi2Nb2O9粉体.研究了熔盐含量及合成温度对晶体定向生长和粉体形貌的影响.结果表明:与固相法相比,熔盐法是一种有效的晶粒定向生长的方法.制备的粉体呈明显的片状和高度的各向异性,且无团聚现象产生.沿(00l)面择优生长适合的熔盐含量为60;质量分数,随着熔盐含量的增加,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大.合成温度在900 ℃为最优,可获得较大尺寸和高度各向异性的SrBi2Nb2O9粉体.     

熔盐法制备片状Bi2.5Na3.5Nb5O18晶体

以分析纯Bi2O3、Na2CO3和Nb2O5为原料,以NaCl为熔盐,采用熔盐法合成出片状Bi2.5Na3.5Nb5O18(简称BNN5)晶体.研究了合成温度、保温时间和熔盐含量对BNN5晶体形貌的影响.结果表明:随着合成温度的提高、保温时间的延长和熔盐含量的增加,BNN5粉体的尺寸逐渐增大.当熔盐与总反应物的质量比为1:1,在1100 ℃下保温3 h时,可以制备出片状的BNN5晶体,其边长为12～24 μm,厚度为0.5～2 μm,有望成为外延生长<001> NaNbO3片状晶体的理想模板.     

微波熔盐法合成CaZrO3粉体

本文以氧化锆、碳酸钠、氯化钙、氯化钠及氯化锂为原料,采用微波熔盐法合成了纯相的锆酸钙(CaZrO3)粉体,并研究了不同熔盐体系对CaZrO3粉体合成过程的影响.研究结果表明:温度的升高有利于促进CaZrO3的合成.当ZrO2∶ CaCl2∶ Na2CO3∶ LiCl=1.0∶1.0∶ 1.2∶1.9时,较低的温度下将导致副产物CaZr4O9相的生成,提高反应温度可促使CaZr4O9相转化为CaZrO3相,900℃/3 h的条件下可合成纯相的CaZrO3粉体.显微形貌研究表明:采用微波加热合成CaZrO3的机理为“模板合成”机理,粉体的颗粒大小约为2～5 μm.     

熔盐法制备CuFeMnO4光吸热材料的研究

以KOH、KNO3为熔盐,Cu(NO3)2·3H2O、Fe(NO3)3·9H2O、50wt; Mn(NO3)2为原料,研究了金属离子配比及合成温度对熔盐法制备CuFeMnO4粉体的影响,采用XRD和FESEM进行物相及微观形貌的测试分析,利用自行设计测试装置对CuFeMnO4涂层的吸热性能进行评价.研究结果表明,CuFeMnO4粉体主晶相为尖晶石型,当金属离子配比为Fe3+∶ Cu2+∶ Mn2+=1∶0.5∶1时,可有效地抑制杂相的生成;合成温度为700℃时,晶体成核均匀,晶粒尺寸较小.该粉体制成涂料涂覆在铝板上,可使铝板的吸热温度提高22℃,增强了吸热效果.     

熔盐法低温合成ZrB2-ZrC-SiC复合粉体的研究

以ZrSiO4、Na2B4O7、Mg粉及C粉为原料,MgCl2为熔盐介质,采用熔盐法制备了ZrB2-ZrC-SiC复合粉体,研究了熔盐温度(900～1200℃)、原料配比对熔盐法合成ZrB2-ZrC-SiC复合粉体的物相组成及含量的影响.结果表明:当MgCl2∶反应物=4∶1(wt;),ZrSiO4∶Na2B4O7∶Mg∶C=2∶1∶18.2∶2(mol;)时,经1150℃反应3h所制备的复合粉体中ZrB2-ZrC-SiC的相对含量最高,约为78wt;.     

Carrier Scattering Mechanisms in GaS0.5Se0.5 Layered Crystals

Systematic dark electrical resistivity and Hall mobility measurements have been carried out in the temperature range 150‐400 K on n‐type GaS_0.5Se_0.5 layered crystals. The analysis of temperature dependent electrical resistivity and carrier concentration reveals the extrinsic type of conduction with a donor impurity level located at 0.44 eV, donor and acceptor concentrations of 3.4 ×10¹⁷ and 4.1×10¹⁶ cm^‐3, respectively, and an electron effective mass of 0.41 m₀. The Hall mobility is limited by the electron‐phonon short‐range interactions scattering at high temperatures combined with the ionized impurity scattering at low temperatures. The electron‐phonon short‐range interactions scattering mobility analysis reveals an electron‐phonon coupling constant of 0.25 and conduction band deformation potential of 5.57 eV/Å.     

Direct preparation of K0.5Na0.5NbO3 powders

K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃ powders have been directly synthesized by an alternative solid–state method. Stoichimometric mixture of ammonium niobium oxalate and C₄H₄O₆KNa·4H₂O were calcined in temperature range from 500 to 800 °C for 3 h. The precursor and calcination products were characterized with respect to stoichiometry, purity, crystalline structure, particle size and powder morphology using X–ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance (UV–Vis) spectroscopy. XRD and XRF results reveal that stoichiometric K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃ powders could be synthesized by the method. The particle size is about 68 nm for the precursor calcined at 500 °C according to XRD data, which is in good agreement with SEM data. The average band gap energy is estimated to be 3.18 eV by UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-K0.5Bi0.5TiO3体系无铅压电陶瓷的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备(1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5 TiO3-xK0.5Bi0.5TiO3体系无铅压电陶瓷.XRD分析表明,用溶胶-凝胶法可以在650℃下合成具有钙钛矿结构的(1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-xK0.5Bi0.5TiO3粉体,且在x=0.18～0.30之间存在三方-四方准同型相界(MPB).陶瓷的压电性能参数表明,该体系在MPB组成范围内具有最佳的压电性能:x=0.30时,压电常数d33达到最大值(d33=150 Pc·N-1),平面机电耦合系数kp与介电常数εH33T/ε0均在x=0.26时达到最大值,分别为36.7;和1107.     

无铅高居里点BaTiO3-Bi0.5K0.5TiO3陶瓷的制备及其PTC性能的研究

采用固相反应法制备了(1-χ)BaTO3-χBi0.5K0.5TiO33(BT-BKT,χ=0,0.1和0.2),对陶瓷样品进行X射线衍射、扫描电镜、介电常数-温度及电阻率-温度测试分析,研究了掺杂BKT对该系统陶瓷相组成、显微结构和电性能的影响.结果表明:BaTi3,陶瓷的晶格参数c轴值随着BKT含量的增加基本不变,而a轴值有所减小.BT-BKT陶瓷的居里温度(Tc)随着BKT的加入向高温移动,当χ=0.1和0.2时,Tc分别提高至170℃和185℃左右;但室温电阻率随着BKT含量的增加明显增大.     

Microwave dielectric properties of La(1‐2x/3)Bax(Mg0.5Sn0.5)O3 ceramics

This study examined the potential applications of microwave dielectric properties of La_(1‐2x/3)Ba_x(Mg_0.5Sn_0.5)O₃ ceramics in rectenna. The La_(1‐2x/3)Ba_x(Mg_0.5Sn_0.5)O₃ ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid‐state method with various sintering temperatures. An apparent density of 6.62 g/cm³, a dielectric constant of 20.3, a quality factor of 51,700 GHz, and a temperature coefficient of resonant frequency of ‐78.2 ppm/K were obtained for La_2.98/3Ba_0.01(Mg_0.5Sn_0.5)O₃ ceramics that were sintered at 1550 °C for 4 h. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Li0.5Bi0.5MoO4对Li2Zn2(MoO4)3陶瓷的微波介电性能影响

采用传统固相反应法制备了xLi_0.5Bi_0.5MoO₄-(1-x)Li₂Zn₂(MoO₄)₃ [xLBM-(1-x)LZM]复合陶瓷,研究添加不同质量分数(x=25%,30%,35%,40%和45%)的LBM对LZM陶瓷的烧结特性、物相组成、微观结构以及微波介电性能的影响。结果表明:添加一定量的LBM不仅能将LZM的谐振频率温度系数(τ_f)调节近零,还能降低LZM的烧结致密化温度;LBM可与LZM共存,且不发生化学反应生成其他新相。随着LBM添加量增加,复合陶瓷的烧结致密化温度逐渐降低、体积密度先增大后减小、介电常数(ε_r)与τ_f逐渐增大而品质因数(Q×f)逐渐减小。当LBM添加量为40%时,LZM-LBM复合陶瓷在600 ℃烧结2 h获得最大体积密度为4.41 g/cm³,以及优异的微波介电性能:ε_r为13.8,Q×f为28 581 GHz,τ_f为-4×10^-6/℃。     

The relations of sintering conditions and microstructures of [Bi0.5(Na1‐x‐yKxLiy)0.5]TiO3 piezoelectric ceramics

Bismuth sodium titanate (abbreviated as BNT) based solid solution, [Bi_0.5(Na_1‐x‐yK_xLi_y)_0.5]TiO₃ (0 < x + y < 1) ceramics, was invented in our group. These ceramics, which are considered as new candidates for lead‐free piezoelectric materials, were prepared by conventional ceramic sintering technique. The results of X‐ray diffraction show that the ceramics possess a single perovskite phase. The relations of the sintering conditions and the microstructures of the ceramics were studied. It was found that the optimized sintering condition is at 1100‐1150 °C for 2‐3 h, the grains of the ceramics have very regular shape, and the grain size of the ceramics is in the range of 1.3‐2.2 μm. These ceramics with the compositions of high amount of K⁺ and low amount of Li⁺ have relatively large piezoelectric charge constant (d₃₃), and can be put into practical applications. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

金属有机分解法制备无铅K0.5Bi0.5TiO3铁电薄膜

采用金属有机分解法(MOD)在p型Si(111)衬底上制备了K0.5Bi0.5TiO3(KBT)薄膜.用X射线衍射技术研究了薄膜的结构和结晶性.同时还研究了薄膜的绝缘性和存储性能.结果发现在740°C下退火4min的KBT薄膜呈钙钛矿结构;在0～8V范围内,薄膜的漏电流小于1.5×10-9A;在-12～+8V的偏压范围内,C-V记忆窗口宽度为10V.     

Na/Bi配比对0.94(Bi0.5+xNa0.5-x)TiO3-0.06BaTiO3压电陶瓷组织结构与性能的影响

采用传统固相烧结方法制备出0.94(Ri0.5+xNa0.5-x)TiO3-0.06BaTiO3(BNBT6)二元系无铅压电陶瓷(x分别为0,0.08;,0.12;,0.16;,0.24;和0.50;摩尔分数),系统地研究了不同Na/Bi配比对BNT基陶瓷材料物相结构、显微组织和压电、介电性能的影响.结果表明:添加不同的Na/Bi,所制备的BNBT6压电陶瓷组织分布均匀、致密度高,存在三方-四方共存的准同型相界结构,且不同的Na/Bi配比不影响陶瓷的相结构,但其烧结性能及电性能与Na/Bi配比密切相关,当x=0.16;时,BNBT6陶瓷样品的性能最佳,相对密度达到97;,在1 kHz的测试频率下,BNBT6陶瓷样品的压电常数d33为138 PC/N、介电常数εr为1486、介电损耗tanδ为2.1;、机械品质因数Qm为217.