Comparative performance of different urea coating materials for slow release

Approximately 70% of the applied urea fertilizer may be lost into the environment. This loss is due to leaching, decomposition and ammonium volatilization in soil, water and air. Through coating, the slow release technology can be used to reduce losses and to increase the fertilizer efficiency. Sulfur has been used as a coating material, but the coating cracks easily because of its friability, sometimes being peeled off from the urea surface. In this study, four types of materials, namely, gypsum, cement, sulfur and zeolite, were mixed and used as coating materials to search for the most effective and cheap coating materials. The primary reasons for selecting these materials were improving fruit quality and preventing plant diseases, providing a plant nutrient, increasing soil fertility and water retention. The materials were also selected based on their availability, processiblity and price. The effects of the coating materials, thickness, drying time, sieving and sealant on the crushing strength and dissolution rate of urea were investigated. Coated urea with the same proportion of gypsum–sulfur exhibited high crushing strength and lower dissolution rate. However, the performance was further enhanced by applying molten paraffin wax on the hot urea surface. SEM images demonstrated that the micro-structure of gypsum–sulfur coated urea after sieving resulted in a smoother coated layer. The efficiency of the coated urea was improved by 26% using gypsum–sulfur (20% total coating), 3% paraffin wax and sieving the coating materials before application.     

Comparative performance of different urea coating materials for slow release

Approximately 70%of the applied urea fertilizer may be lost into the environment.This loss is due to leaching,decomposition and ammonium volatilization in soil,water and air.Through coating,the slow release technology can be used to reduce losses and to increase the fertilizer efficiency.Sulfur has been used as a coating material,but the coating cracks easily because of its friability,sometimes being peeled off from the urea surface.In this study,four types of materials,namely,gypsum,cement,sulfur and zeolite,were mixed and used as coating materials to search for the most effective and cheap coating materials.The primary reasons for selecting these materials were improving fruit quality and preventing plant diseases,providing a plant nutrient,increasing soil fertility and water retention.The materials were also selected based on their availability,processiblity and price.The effects of the coating materials,thickness,drying time,sieving and sealant on the crushing strength and dissolution rate of urea were investigated.Coated urea with the same proportion of gypsum-sulfur exhibited high crushing strength and lower dissolution rate.However,the performance was further enhanced by applying molten paraffin wax on the hot urea surface.SEM images demonstrated that the micro-structure of gypsum-sulfur coated urea after sieving resulted in a smoother coated layer.The efficiency of the coated urea was improved by26%using gypsum-sulfur（20%total coating）,3%paraffin wax and sieving the coating materials before application.     

Prediction of coating uniformity in batch fluidized-bed coating process

Coating of particulate materials in fluidized beds is a widely used technique to eliminate particle agglomeration, provide slow release of an active substance, or protect active ingredients. When thin polymer shells are applied on a particle surface, it is important to determine the process parameters that provide coating uniformity. In this study, the degree of coverage, defined as the fraction of the coated surface of the particles, is proposed as a quantitative criterion of coating uniformity. A new model for the batch fluidized-bed coating process is presented. The model allows prediction of the function of particle distribution according to the degree of coverage at a given process time and thereby enables assessment of coating uniformity. An algorithm for the numerical solution of model equations for a batch fluidized-bed coater is described. The influences of the main process parameters on the coating uniformity were shown.     

边缘冲击（EOI）作用下透明陶瓷破坏特性研究

相较于传统透明材料,相同面密度下透明陶瓷具有更优异的抗冲击性能,使其成为极具应用前景的透明装甲防护材料。研究透明陶瓷在冲击下的破坏响应及损伤演化规律,对透明陶瓷装甲的结构设计及防护能力的提高起到至关重要的作用。为了比较传统透明材料与典型透明陶瓷材料在冲击过程中的破坏特性差异,利用9 mm弹道枪发射平台进行了浮法玻璃、YAG透明陶瓷及镁铝尖晶石透明陶瓷3种透明材料的边缘冲击试验,破片发射速度为200~300 m/s。通过高速摄影捕捉破片的撞击过程,分析了粉碎区及主裂纹扩展距离随时间的变化规律。结果表明,3种材料在不同速度破片的冲击作用下,粉碎区面积与材料强度呈负相关性。对同种材料,在200~300 m/s速度范围内,破片撞击速度对主裂纹的扩展速度没有影响。同时比较了玻璃与透明陶瓷在宏观尺度上的损伤演化特征差异:玻璃在粉碎区两侧产生三角形的次裂纹区域,陶瓷材料则会产生细长的次裂纹簇,并会产生较明显的裂纹“分叉”现象。利用扫描电子显微镜对回收到的陶瓷碎片进行观测,并分析了2种透明陶瓷材料在细观尺度破坏特征的异同。2种透明陶瓷的径向裂纹断面上会出现从沿晶断裂到穿晶断裂的过渡变化,而环向断裂面上几乎都是沿晶和穿晶混合断裂。2种透明陶瓷中,仅YAG透明陶瓷在沿晶断裂时会出现晶体“剥落”现象。     

Synthesis and characterization of superhydrophobic magnesium oxysulfate whiskers

Superhydrophobic materials have attracted much attention for their special wettability. In this study, magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) whiskers were surface modified by vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) and prepared as superhydrophobic materials, which are expected to be widely used in self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, and oil-water separation. The factors of silane concentration, hydrolysis time, reaction temperature, and reaction time were investigated. The superhydrophobic MOS whiskers were synthesized. SEM and XRD turned out that there were no apparent changes in the morphology and crystallization behavior of whiskers before and after modification, while the surface was uniformly coated with a layer of non-crystal material, and the surface of the whiskers employed a chemical bond Si–O–Mg covalently connected. The thermogravimetric analysis ultimately demonstrated that surface modification was beneficial to the improvement of the thermal stability of MOS whiskers. Superhydrophobic MOS whiskers showed good compatibility with organic solvents through oil-water separation experiments, and demonstrated excellent self-cleaning performance. The methodology for the surface treatment of MOS whiskers to prepare superhydrophobic whiskers in this work may be extended for other whiskers or fillers, which may be promising for the preparation of superhydrophobic materials.     

Technology showcase applications of enamel coating in agriculture

Recently various experiments were conducted at the Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, to study the effect of enamel coating on the performance of some agricultural equipment. In order to reduce soil adhesion on cage wheel lugs, nine different coating materials were tried and enamel coating was found to be the best among these materials. It reduced soil adhesion on cage wheel lugs considerably to avoid cage wheel blocking. To investigate effect of coating on lug forces detailed lab studies were undertaken to measure the lug forces. The effects of lug slip, soil moisture content and sinkage were investigated. It was observed that enamel coating did not affect the lug forces. The pull and lift forces generated by the enamel coated and uncoated lugs were almost the same. When enamel coated bolt-on plates were mounted on the power tiller cage wheel lugs and trials were conducted in actual field conditions, it was observed that in actual field conditions enamel coated bolt-on plates on cage wheel lugs improved the performance of a power tiller. Studies about coating effects on the drag force required to pull floats on soil surface were also conducted. It was observed that enamel coating on floats reduced the drag force significantly. It also greatly improved the scouring of a mouldboard plough used in a wet, sticky clay soil.     

铝土矿矿泥固化技术的试验研究

铝土矿选洗过程中排尾形成的高含水量矿泥,传统上采用建库堆存,泌干固结时间长,污染环境。试验研究结果表明,选用由72%水泥、20%石膏、5%石灰、3%硫酸钠组成的复合固化剂,或由72%石灰、20%石膏、5%粉煤灰、3%硫酸钠组成的复合固化剂,按固化剂与矿泥质量比1:10掺加,对矿泥进行固化处理,其固化体强度高、耐久性好,且成本低廉,具有广泛的工程应用价值。     

THE SURFACE EFFECT ON THE TENSILE STRENGTH OF MICROMACHINED POLYSILICON FILMS FOR MEMS

In order to accomplish reliable mechanical design of MEMS, the influences of surface roughness and octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on the mechanical properties of micromachined polysilicon films for MEMS are investigated. Surface effect on the fracture properties of micromachined polysilicon films is evaluated with a new microtensile testing method using a magnet-coil force actuator. Statistical analysis of the surface roughness effects on the tensile strength predicated the surface roughness characterization of polysilicon films being tested and the direct relation of the mechanical properties with the surface roughness features. The fracture strength decreases with the increase of the surface roughness. The octadecyltrichlorosilane self-assembled monolayers coating leads to an increase of the average fracture strength up to 32.46%. Surface roughness and the hydrophobic properties of specimen when coated with OTS films are the two main factors influencing the tensile strength of micromachined polysilicon films for MEMS.     

Nitrogen release characteristics of polyethylene-coated controlled-release fertilizers and their dependence on membrane pore structure

In this study, controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) with five different nitrogen release periods were prepared by coating large urea particles with polyethylene (PE) membranes under various experimental conditions. The preliminary and differential solubility rates, release periods, and membrane pore sizes of the obtained CRFs were measured using water immersion, scanning electron microscopy, and mercury porosimetry. For all CRF samples, the median pore diameters of the membranes were equal to 4.5–5.3 nm and pores with sizes smaller than 10 nm accounted for 86–96% of the total pore surface area. The obtained pore diameter distributions differed for the five studied types of CRF, having release periods of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 months. Thus, for the CRFs with a 1-month release period, the maximum pore diameter reached a magnitude of 4000 nm, while this value did not exceed 30 nm for the CRFs with a release period of 8 months. Hence, we have established a relationship between the release period of CRFs and their effective maximum pore sizes.     

Discrete element simulation of effects of multicontact loading on single particle crushing

Particle crushing commonly occurs in granular materials and affects their structures and mechanical properties. Unlike idealized particles in experimental single particle crushing tests with two loading points, natural particles are crushed under multicontact loading. To date, the criteria and patterns of particle crushing under multicontact conditions are not fully understood. By using the three-dimensional discrete element method, this report explores the effect of multicontact loading on the crushing criterion of a single particle, the crushing pattern, and the relationship between the particle crushing strength and loading distribution. The particles are modelled as aggregates of glued Voronoi polyhedra. The numerical results indicate that the logarithm of the mean principal stress has a good linear correlation with the coordination number. For a specific coordination number, the number of child particles presents a significant normal distribution. For a specific number of child particles, the volumes of child particles can be statistically described as normal or gamma distribution. Three typical models are proposed to qualitatively analyse the relationship between the loading distribution and crushing strength. The relevant conclusions can be helpful in engineering practice and in further studies on crushable granular materials via the discrete element method.     

Experimental study of spray cooling performance on micro-porous coated surfaces

Experiments on evaporative spray cooling of flat heaters with plain and micro-porous coated surfaces were performed in this study. Micro-porous coated surfaces were made by using the DOM [Diamond particle, Omegabond 101, Methyl-Ethyl-Keton] coating method. In pure air-jet cooling, micro-porous coating did not show heat transfer improvement over plain surface. In spray cooling, however, three different flow patterns (complete wetting, evaporative wetting and dryout) were observed on both plain and micro-porous coated surfaces. The effects of various operating conditions, such as water flow rate, particle size, and coating thickness on the micro-porous coated surface were investigated. It was found that the level of surface wetting was an important factor in determining the performance of spray cooling. The level of surface wetting depended on the balance between the amount of liquid absorbed by capillary force over porosity and the amount of liquid evaporated. A micro-porous coated surface has a very high cooling capacity, especially in the evaporative wetting zone. The liquid flow rate and coating thickness are significant factors in the evaporative wetting zone, but are not in the complete wetting zone and the dryout zone.     

固化滨海盐渍土路用性能的室内试验与现场测试

渤海湾西海岸带地区的路堤多为填方型式,且以滨海盐渍土为主要填料。以滨海盐渍土填筑路堤,须解决土的盐胀、溶陷和吸湿软化带来的强度下降和稳定性降低问题,以进行土的改性或固化处理。为降低工程费用,固化材料应以常规的无机材料为主,辅助少量的高分子材料。为研究滨海盐渍土填筑路堤的力学性能,完成了石灰固化土和石灰+SH固土剂固化土的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂法抗拉强度、三轴抗剪强度和加州承载比等室内试验,同期还进行了固化土的现场碾压试验,检测了碾压固化土的压实度、平整度、回弹弯沉、加州承载比和回弹模量等指标。试验与研究结果显示:(1)石灰固化土和石灰+SH固土剂固化土均满足填筑路堤的强度和变形指标要求,后者的力学性能优于前者; (2)SH固土剂干燥后的胶膜包裹了土颗粒,且在颗粒间形成了抗水的胶结联结,胶丝在土的孔隙内形成了絮状联结网。胶膜和胶丝网共同作用,提高了固化土的强度、抗变形能力和水稳性; (3)2种固化土的现场碾压试验效果都很好,碾压固化土的现场测试结果与固化土的室内试验结果相一致。石灰+SH固土剂固化土的碾压性能和力学指标均满足"公路路基设计规范"的要求,效果良好,这种固化方法适宜在滨海盐渍土地区推广使用。     

电刷镀镍/镍包纳米Al_2O_3颗粒复合镀层微动磨损性能研究

应用电刷镀技术制备了含有镍包纳米 Al2 O3颗粒的镍基复合镀层 .与快速镍镀层对比考察了该复合镀层高温硬度的变化 ,同时还从微动磨损角度考察了该复合镀层耐磨性和摩擦系数的变化 .结果表明 :与快镍镀层相比 ,镍 /镍包纳米 Al2 O3复合镀层具有更高的高温硬度和更好的抗微动磨损性能 ;复合镀层在 40 0℃左右表现出较明显的强化趋势 ,具有较好的综合性能 ;纳米 Al2 O3颗粒使复合镀层的结构致密和细化 ,在磨损过程中起到了一定的减轻粘着和降低摩摩的作用 ;复合镀层的微动磨损机理主要为粘着磨损 .     

类岩石材料力学特性的试验及数值模拟研究

在进行多组不同配比类岩石材料单轴压缩试验和巴西试验的基础上,详细分析了石膏水泥比和石英砂含量对类岩石材料的单轴抗压强度、抗拉强度及弹性模量等力学参数的影响规律,力图找到适合模拟现场砂质泥岩的类岩石材料及配合比。利用颗粒流程序(PFC)模拟,进一步研究了高径比和围压对类岩石材料力学特性的影响。结果表明:随着石膏水泥比的增大,抗压强度和弹性模量均逐渐减小,而抗拉强度逐渐增大;随着石英粉含量的增大,抗压强度和弹性模量均先增大后减小,而抗拉强度则为先减小后增大。结合单轴压缩过程的声发射特征,揭示了裂纹扩展与声发射有密切的关系。PFC2D模拟获得的力学参数与室内试验相近,破裂模式也与实际情况相似。通过尺寸效应的研究可知试样的高径比在2.0~2.5较合理。随着围压的增大,试样的峰值强度、残余强度、峰值应变及弹性模量等力学参数均增大,且围压会改变试样的破裂模式。     

Rheological properties of suspensions of polyethylene-coated aluminum nanoparticles

Ultrafine aluminum powder was identified as very promising fuels for novel energetic materials formulations. However, the large specific surface area of this powder facilitates its oxidation and greatly reduces its shelf life. Therefore, different coating processes were proposed to solve this problem. The rheology of viscous suspensions of nanoparticles still remains poorly understood and the effect of the coating of such particles on the flow behavior is even more difficult to assess. We have studied the rheology of ultrafine aluminum suspensions in three low molecular weight polymers of different viscosities: a hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene, a polypropylene glycol, and a polysiloxane. The nanosize aluminum powder was previously coated by a thin layer of high-density polyethylene using an in situ polymerization process. The rheological characterization of the suspensions was conducted by the means of steady and oscillatory shear flow measurements for noncoated and coated particles. The effect of the coating process on the rheology of the suspensions is discussed in terms of the interactions between the particles and the suspending fluids.     

钴基合金刷丝与碳化铬涂层高线速度磨损行为研究

在超高速磨损试验器上开展刷式密封磨损试验,摩擦副为GH5605钴基高温合金刷丝束和喷涂碳化铬耐磨涂层的跑道试样,最高摩擦线速度达到400 m/s. 利用扫描电镜和能谱分析研究了摩擦表面的磨损形貌及材料成分,发现试验后的碳化铬涂层存在材料剥落和刷丝材料附着,刷丝尖端出现以犁沟和涂抹为主要特征的磨损,且摩擦线速度达到400 m/s时出现刷丝尖端粘连和严重氧化现象. 通过分析刷丝尖端磨损形貌的形成机制及摩擦表面的材料转移机理,认为刷丝尖端的主要磨损机制为二体磨粒磨损,而涂层的材料剥落现象会加剧其对刷丝的磨粒磨损作用. 使用共聚焦显微镜测量了磨痕深度,并与转子离心涨大变形量进行对比分析,分析结果表明超高线速度条件下转子的离心涨大增加了刷丝束和跑道涂层间的干涉,显著加剧了摩擦副的磨损.      

等离子体电解沉积的研究现状

等离子体电解沉积(PED)是一门新兴的材料表面处理技术.本文详细介绍了等离子体电解沉积的机 理及其在材料表面改性、生物材料、电子材料、高性能材料等方面的应用.其基本原理是: 当两极之间的电势差达到一定程度时, 电极与电解液界面处的电势突变产生的高电场强度, 可以击穿界面处的钝化膜、气体等电介质, 使得电极表面局部瞬间高温并发生复杂的物理、 化学反应, 从而在电极表面制备特定性能的陶瓷层或渗透层.在结构材料的应用方面, 可以 利用PED技术在铝合金、钛合金、镁合金等轻金属表面制备陶瓷层、可以对钢铁基体进行快 速碳氮共渗或涂覆金属镀层, 以提高这些材料的抗磨擦、耐腐蚀等性能.选择含有钙、磷元 素的电解液或是在电解液中添加羟基磷灰石粉末进行PED处理, 可以在钛合金表面制备具有 生物活性的陶瓷膜, 从而使植入体与自然骨形成分子水平的化学键合.选择适当的电解液, 可以制备BaTiO等离子体电解沉积;陶瓷层;表面改性;生物 材料;电子薄膜;DLC薄膜;氮化碳Plasma electrolytic deposition,Ceramic layer,Surface modification,Biomaterials,Electrolytic films,DLC films,Nitrogen-containing carbon films国家自然科学基金(50071066)2004年5月25日等离子体电解沉积(PED)是一门新兴的材料表面处理技术.本文详细介绍了等离子体电解沉积的机 理及其在材料表面改性、生物材料、电子材料、高性能材料等方面的应用.其基本原理是: 当两极之间的电势差达到一定程度时, 电极与电解液界面处的电势突变产生的高电场强度, 可以击穿界面处的钝化膜、气体等电介质, 使得电极表面局部瞬间高温并发生复杂的物理、 化学反应, 从而在电极表面制备特定性能的陶瓷层或渗透层.在结构材料的应用方面, 可以 利用PED技术在铝合金、钛合金、镁合金等轻金属表面制备陶瓷层、可以对钢铁基体进行快 速碳氮共渗或涂覆金属镀层, 以提高这些材料的抗磨擦、耐腐蚀等性能.选择含有钙、磷元 素的电解液或是在电解液中添加羟基磷灰石粉末进行PED处理, 可以在钛合金表面制备具有 生物活性的陶瓷膜, 从而使植入体与自然骨形成分子水平的化学键合.选择适当的电解液, 可以制备BaTiO等离子体电解沉积;陶瓷层;表面改性;生物 材料;电子薄膜;DLC薄膜;氮化碳Plasma electrolytic deposition,Ceramic layer,Surface modification,Biomaterials,Electrolytic films,DLC films,Nitrogen-containing carbon films国家自然科学基金(50071066)2004年5月25日等离子体电解沉积(PED)是一门新兴的材料表面处理技术.本文详细介绍了等离子体电解沉积的机 理及其在材料表面改性、生物材料、电子材料、高性能材料等方面的应用.其基本原理是: 当两极之间的电势差达到一定程度时, 电极与电解液界面处的电势突变产生的高电场强度, 可以击穿界面处的钝化膜、气体等电介质, 使得电极表面局部瞬间高温并发生复杂的物理、 化学反应, 从而在电极表面制备特定性能的陶瓷层或渗透层.在结构材料的应用方面, 可以 利用PED技术在铝合金、钛合金、镁合金等轻金属表面制备陶瓷层、可以对钢铁基体进行快 速碳氮共渗或涂覆金属镀层, 以提高这些材料的抗磨擦、耐腐蚀等性能.选择含有钙、磷元 素的电解液或是在电解液中添加羟基磷灰石粉末进行PED处理, 可以在钛合金表面制备具有 生物活性的陶瓷膜, 从而使植入体与自然骨形成分子水平的化学键合.选择适当的电解液, 可以制备BaTiO等离子体电解沉积;陶瓷层;表面改性;生物 材料;电子薄膜;DLC薄膜;氮化碳Plasma electrolytic deposition,Ceramic layer,Surface modification,Biomaterials,Electrolytic films,DLC films,Nitrogen-containing carbon films国家自然科学基金(50071066)2004年5月25日等离子体电解沉积(PED)是一门新兴的材料表面处理技术．本文详细介绍了等离子体电解沉积的机理及其在材料表面改性、生物材料、电子材料、高性能材料等方面的应用．其基本原理是：当两极之间的电势差达到一定程度时，电极与电解液界面处的电势突变产生的高电场强度，可以击穿界面处的钝化膜、气体等电介质，使得电极表面局部瞬间高温并发生复杂的物理、化学反应，从而在电极表面制备特定性能的陶瓷层或渗透层．在结构材料的应用方面，可以利用PED技术在铝合金、钛合金、镁合金等轻金属表面制备陶瓷层、可以对钢铁基体进行快速碳氮共渗或涂覆金属镀层，以提高这些材料的抗磨擦、耐腐蚀等性能．选择含有钙、磷元素的电解液或是在电解液中添加羟基磷灰石粉末进行PED处理，可以在钛合金表面制备具有生物活性的陶瓷膜，从而使植入体与自然骨形成分子水平的化学键合．选择适当的电解液，可以制备BaTiO3、SrTiO3、NaTaO3、SrZrO3等钙钛矿结构电子薄膜．利用有机溶液高电压电解，可以制备类金刚石(DLC)薄膜、氮化碳等高性能的材料．文中对PED涂层的残余应力、涂层与基体的结合力、界面断裂韧性、微观缺陷对宏观性能的影响等力学问题进行了讨论．等离子体电解沉积在轻金属特别是铝合金表面制备陶瓷层已经取得了成功，在钢铁材料的表面处理、DLC薄膜和氮化碳的制备等方面有一些初步进展，在生物活性陶瓷薄膜和电子薄膜方面也有应用前景．     

GGBS及其激发剂固化合肥湖积软土的试验研究

将CaO和石膏作为激发剂掺入粒化高炉矿渣微粉(GGBS)制备GGBS+CaO+石膏固化黏土,通过无侧限抗压强度试验研究固化黏土的强度变化规律,基于正交试验确定GGBS、CaO和石膏三掺量的最佳配合比。研究表明:单掺GGBS对软土有一定的固化效果,但固化速度慢、效果差;将CaO、石膏和GGBS混合后固化效果明显,固化土3d(天)即可形成一定强度。养护28d后,固化黏土最大强度可以达到2.9MPa;利用极差分析得出石膏掺量变化对抗压强度的影响最大,GGBS次之,CaO影响最小;GGBS、CaO和石膏三掺量固化黏土最佳配合比分别为11%、3.5%和5%。上述研究成果为在合肥滨湖地区应用矿渣类软土固化剂提供了理论依据。     

复层孔隙分布铁基粉末冶金材料的力学和摩擦学性能

采用粉末冶金工艺制备基体致密、表层多孔含油的复层铁基含油材料，利用SEM、EDX和XRD分析材料微观组织形貌、组元和物相组成及断口形貌，并基于HDM-20端面摩擦磨损试验机评价其摩擦磨损性能. 结果表明:在铁基粉末冶金材料中添加适量TiH₂可有效提高材料的孔隙率，同时在孔隙附近内生TiC硬质相，有效弥补孔隙对力学性能削弱；添加TiH₂后，材料的硬度提高，压溃强度有所降低，材料的断裂机理逐渐由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂；随着TiH₂含量增加，材料的摩擦学性能呈现先变好后恶化趋势，含质量分数3%TiH₂材料的综合力学和摩擦学性能较好，能实现较高强度与良好自润滑特性的统一. 研究工作为研制高性能铁基含油轴承材料提供新的思路.      

Elastic–plastic stresses in a rotating disc of transversely isotropic material fitted with a shaft and subjected to thermal gradient

The elastic–plastic stresses in a rotating disc of transversely isotropic material fitted with a shaft and subjected to thermal gradient has been analyzed by using Seth’s transition theory and generalized strain measure. It has been observed that disc made of beryl and magnesium materials requires higher angular speed to yield at the inner surface in comparison to the disc made of brass material. The radial stress has a maximum at the internal surface of the disc made of beryl, magnesium and brass materials, but circumferential stress neither maximum nor minimum at this surface. With the introduction of thermal effect, the value of circumferential stress has a maximum at the external surface of the disc made of the beryl and magnesium, but the reverse results are obtained for the disc made of brass material. The combined impacts of temperature and angular speed have been displayed numerically and depicted graphically.