层合结构压电器件的机电耦合效应

压电传感器和致动器都可以看成是一种复合材料层合板结构，由压电材料层和非压电(弹性)材料层交替铺设而成。对于这类任意铺设的层合板悬臂梁结构，我们推导出了表示力学变形与外加电场之间耦合效应的解析表达式。进而，又推导出了两类(一类为单层压电-弹性层，另一类为双层压电-弹性层)层合型悬臂梁结构机电耦合性能的解析公式。在该机电耦合模型中，包括了两个压电常数d211和d222。此外，还建立了含压电材料的有限元算式，进行了实验测量。最后，通过比较解析解(包括考虑了d222参数的理论值和没有考虑d222参数的理论值)，实验值以及有限元计算结果，发现它们吻合得很好，而且考虑d222是十分必要的。     

层合结构压电器件的机电耦合响应

压电传感嚣和致动器都可以看成是由压电材料层和非压电(弹性)材料层交替铺设而成。对于这类任意铺设的层合板悬臂梁结构,推导出了表示力学变形与外加电场之间耦合效应的解析表达式。进而,又推导出了两类(一类为单层压电-弹性层。另一类为双层压电-弹性层)层合型悬臂梁结构机电耦合性能的解析公式。在该机电耦合模型中,包括了两个压电常数d211和d222。最后。通过比较解析解、实验值以及有限元计算结果,发现它们吻合得很好。     

压电层合梁静动力学分析的高精度梁单元

给出了一个对复合材料压电层合梁进行数值分析的高精度压电层合梁单元。基于Shi三阶剪切变形板理论的位移场和Layer-wise理论的电势场,用力-电耦合的变分原理及Hamilton原理推导了压电层合梁单元列式。采用拟协调元方法推导了一个可显式给出单元刚度矩阵的两节点压电层合梁单元,并应用于压电层合梁的力-电耦合弯曲和自由振动分析。计算结果表明,该梁单元给出的梁挠度和固有频率与解析解吻合良好,并优于其它梁单元的计算结果,说明了本文所给压电层合梁单元的可靠性和准确性。研究结果可为力-电耦合作用下压电层合梁的力学分析提供一个简单、精确且高效的压电层合梁单元。     

压电结构振动控制及压电片位置优化的遗传算法

采用比例反馈控制,由线弹性压电层合结构有限元动力方程,推导了压电智能结构的振动控制方程.采用三维八节点实体耦合单元(Solid5)模拟压电致动器/感应器,三维实体单元(Solid45)模拟主结构,利用ANSYS中参数化语言(APDL)编写了压电层合智能结构的有限元程序.以零一最优问题来描述致动器/感应器的位置优化问题,...     

压电复合材料层合梁的分岔、混沌动力学与控制

研究了简支压电复合材料层合梁在轴向、横向载荷共同作用下的非线性动力学、分岔和混沌动力学响应. 基于vonKarman理论和Reddy高阶剪切变形理论,推导出了压电复合层合梁的动力学方程. 利用Galerkin法离散偏微分方程,得到两个自由度非线性控制方程,并且利用多尺度法得到了平均方程. 基于平均方程,研究了压电层合梁系统的动态分岔,分析了系统各种参数对倍周期分岔的影响及变化规律. 结果表明,压电复合材料层合梁周期运动的稳定性和混沌运动对外激励的变化非常敏感,通过控制压电激励,可以控制压电复合材料层合梁的振动,保持系统的稳定性,即控制系统产生倍周期分岔解,从而阻止系统通过倍周期分岔进入混沌运动,并给出了控制分岔图.      

基于自旋梁的压电振动能量采集与动力学分析

为研究轴向载荷及梁上外激励共同作用下自旋梁结构强迫振动的压电振动能量采集问题,文章提出运用格林函数法求解自旋梁压电俘能器强迫振动下的电压解析解.基于Euler-Bernoulli梁理论,采用扩展Hamilton原理及PZT-5A压电本构,建立了自旋梁压电俘能器强迫振动的力电耦合模型.采用Laplace变换法求得耦合振动方程的格林函数解,并根据线性叠加原理和格林函数的物理意义,对耦合的系统方程进行解耦,进而求得强迫振动下自旋梁压电俘能器的电压解析解.数值计算中,通过与现有文献中的解析解以及实验结果进行对比,验证了本文解的有效性,并分别分析了自旋梁压电俘能器的压电响应与电阻、转速等重要物理参数之间的关系.数值分析研究表明:(1)自旋梁俘能器的压电响应随电阻阻值的增大而增大,直至阻值达到最优负载电阻;(2)通过调高转速,可以提高压电俘能器的最大输出电压;(3)通过降低轴向载荷,可在保持俘能器高效工作的情况下改善俘能器的高基频现象.     

粘贴压电层功能梯度材料Timoshenko梁的热过屈曲分析

研究了上下表面粘贴压电层的功能梯度材料Timoshenko梁在升温及电场作用下的过屈曲行为。在精确考虑轴线伸长和一阶横向剪切变形的基础上,建立了压电功能梯度Timoshenko层合梁在热-电-机械载荷作用下的几何非线性控制方程。其中,假设功能梯度的材料性质沿厚度方向按照幂函数连续变化,压电层为各向同性均匀材料。采用打靶法数值求解所得强非线性边值问题,获得了在均匀电场和横向非均匀升温场内两端固定Timoshenko梁的静态非线性屈曲和过屈曲数值解。并给出了梁的变形随热、电载荷及材料梯度参数变化的特性曲线。结果表明,通过施加电压在压电层产生拉应力可以有效地提高梁的热屈曲临界载荷,延缓热过屈曲发生。由于材料在横向的非均匀性,即使在均匀升温和均匀电场作用下,也会产生拉-弯耦合效应。但是对于两端固定的压电-功能梯度材料梁,在横向非均匀升温下过屈曲变形仍然是分叉形的。     

界面特性对功能梯度智能梁静动态响应的影响研究

采用状态空间法分析了两边简支的含压电夹层的功能梯度梁的静力弯曲和自由振动问题．为了考虑中间压电层与上、下功能梯度层之间的粘结效果,采用线性弹簧模型以模拟界面性能．假设上下功能梯度层的材料参数沿厚度连续变化,而压电层则是均匀材料,并且它们都是正交各向异性的．由于功能梯度梁的不均匀性使得直接求解比较困难,文中用层合模型来进行近似．数值算例中,分别考虑了压电层用于传感器或作动器的情形,分析了粘结界面完美程度对组合梁静力弯曲和自由振动频率的影响．     

采用压电机敏元件进行结构振动控制Ⅲ：控制系统设计与实验研究

采用作者在上篇导出的压电耦合体动力学模型，给出了压电主动阻尼控制系统的设计方法；导出了压电耦合梁系统的作动方程和检测方程的显式表达式。以此为基础，以简单梁为对象，对压电检测器和作动器的性能、粘结层的影响、压电主动阻尼控制及压电主、被动阻尼双控制进行了实验研究     

强电场和机械荷载联合作用下压电层合梁的非线性变形

本文研究简支,固支和悬臂压电层合梁在强电场和机械荷载联合作用下的非线性变形。考虑材料的电致伸缩和电致弹性压电效应以及几何非线性导出压电层合梁的数学模型。并求得在电场和均布力联合作用下各种边界条件梁的挠度和位移解析表达式。通过对双压电晶片梁和单压电晶片梁的数值计算及分析得到线性与非线性模型之间的差别和适用范围。     

带剪切型压电激励器的板的高阶剪切变形理论

利用压电材料固有的正，逆压电效应可以对结构变形和振动进行控制。与外加电场与极化方向平行于板厚度的压电材料的拉伸作动机制相比，外加电场与极化方向垂直的压电材料的剪切作动机制可以在作动器内产生较小的应力，从而降低作动器边界产生分层破坏的危险。本文对于压电材料的剪切作动机制进行研究，应用三阶剪切变形理论建立带剪切型压电激励器的智能层合板模型。采用哈密顿原理导出带剪切型压电激励器的层合板的控制方程。采用空间法得到了各种边界条件组合条件下板的解析解。数值算例对一三层板采用高阶和一阶剪切变形理论进行计算，结果表明两种理论所得的变形曲线很相似。但对于厚度剪切型激励器而言，由于激励器是引起板的剪切变形，而高阶剪切变形理论比一阶剪切变形理论能更好地反映结构的剪切应变能，因此高阶剪切变形理论可以提供板变形的更为精确的解。因此，对于厚度剪切型激励器，剪切变形理论的选取对于板变形结果的好坏有重要的作用。     

Stress analyses of a smart composite pipe joint integrated with piezoelectric composite layers under torsion loading

In order to improve the joint failure strength, an adhesively bonded smart composite pipe joint system has been developed by integrating electromechanical coupling piezoelectric layers with the connection coupler. It has been validated that the integrated piezoelectric ceramic layers can smartly reduce stress concentration in the adhesive layer bond-line under bending or axial tension loads. In this study, piezoelectric particle/fiber reinforced polymer composite was utilized to construct adhesively bonded smart composite pipe joint systems, in order to overcome the brittle characteristic of the piezoelectric ceramic layers and to facilitate joint construction. Since torsion is one of the dominating loading conditions in practice, the behavior of the newly developed smart pipe joint system subjected to torsion loading was investigated in-detail to evaluate the effect of the integrated piezoelectric reinforced polymer composite layer on the joint performance. Firstly, based on the first-order shear deformation theory, the fundamental equations with relevant boundary and continuity conditions were developed to theoretically model the smart pipe joint system subjected to torsion loading. Further, the analytical solutions for the mid-plane displacements and the shear and peel stresses in the adhesive layer were obtained by using the Levy solution and the state-space method. Finally, some numerical examples were presented to evaluate the detailed effect of the stacking sequence and thickness of the integrated composite piezoelectric layers in the connection coupler on reducing the stress concentration in the adhesive layer; the effect of the applied electric fields on shear and peel stresses in the adhesive layer was also illustrated.     

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of moving bilayer plates resting on elastic foundations

The aim of this study is to investigate the dynamic response of axially moving two-layer laminated plates on the Winkler and Pasternak foundations. The upper and lower layers are formed from a bidirectional functionally graded(FG) layer and a graphene platelet(GPL) reinforced porous layer, respectively. Henceforth, the combined layers will be referred to as a two-dimensional(2D) FG/GPL plate. Two types of porosity and three graphene dispersion patterns, each of which is distributed through the plate thickness,are investigated. The mechanical properties of the closed-cell layers are used to define the variation of Poisson's ratio and the relationship between the porosity coefficients and the mass density. For the GPL reinforced layer, the effective Young's modulus is derived with the Halpin-Tsai micro-system model, and the rule of mixtures is used to calculate the effective mass density and Poisson's ratio. The material of the upper 2D-FG layer is graded in two directions, and its effective mechanical properties are also derived with the rule of mixtures. The dynamic governing equations are derived with a first-order shear deformation theory(FSDT) and the von Kármán nonlinear theory. A combination of the dynamic relaxation(DR) and Newmark's direct integration methods is used to solve the governing equations in both time and space. A parametric study is carried out to explore the effects of the porosity coefficients, porosity and GPL distributions, material gradients, damping ratios, boundary conditions, and elastic foundation stiffnesses on the plate response. It is shown that both the distributions of the porosity and graphene nanofillers significantly affect the dynamic behaviors of the plates. It is also shown that the reduction in the dynamic deflection of the bilayer composite plates is maximized when the porosity and GPL distributions are symmetric.     

Random Vibration Control of Laminated Composite Plates with Piezoelectric Fiber Reinforced Composites

This paper presents an analysis of the active control of random vibration for laminated composite plates using piezoelectric fiber reinforced composites(PFRC). With Hamilton's principle and the Rayleigh-Ritz method, the equation of motion for the resulting electromechanical coupling system is derived. A velocity feedback control rule is employed to obtain an effective active damping in the suppression of random vibration. The power spectral density and meansquare displacements of the random vibration for laminated plates under different control gains are simulated and the validity of the present control strategy is confirmed. The effect of piezoelectric fiber orientation in the PFRC layer on the random vibration suppression is also investigated.The analytical methodology can be expanded to other kinds of random vibration.     

Electro-elastic analysis of fiber-reinforced multilayered cylindrical composites with integrated piezoelectric actuators

Based on the electro-mechanical coupling theory and the laminate elasticity theory, an electro-elastic solution is obtained for the fiber-reinforced cylindrical composites with integrated piezoelectric actuators when subjected to mechanical and electrical loadings. The hybrid composite is composed of three parts: internal piezoelectric actuator, fiber-reinforced laminated interlayer, and external piezoelectric actuator. The general solution in each piezoelectric smart layer is obtained by introducing three undetermined constants, and the general solutions in the fiber-reinforced laminated interlayer are obtained by means of the state-space method. The mechanical behaviors of the hybrid fiber-reinforced cylindrical composites are investigated. The illustrative examples show that the fiber’s angle, the stacking sequence as well as the applied electric loading strongly affect the physical fields in the fiber-reinforced multilayered cylindrical composites.     

Nonlocal thermal buckling and postbuckling of functionally graded graphene nanoplatelet reinforced piezoelectric micro-plate

This paper analyzes the nonlocal thermal buckling and postbuckling behaviors of a multi-layered graphene nanoplatelet(GPL) reinforced piezoelectric micro-plate. The GPLs are supposed to disperse as a gradient pattern in the composite micro-plate along its thickness. The effective material properties are calculated by the Halpin-Tsai parallel model and mixture rule for the functionally graded GPL reinforced piezoelectric(FG-GRP) micro-plate. Governing equations for the nonlocal thermal buckling a...     

压电复合材料梁和板的变形控制问题

由于具有良好的结构、力学性能,复合材料层合板在现代飞行器上大量应用;而压电复合材料,作为一种新兴的智能材料,由于其独特的力电耦合性能得到了人们更多的关注。本文研究含有压电片的复合材料梁和板在电场作用下的变形控制问题。基于经典的梁理论和层合板理论,分别研究了下列问题:(1)双压电片布置的悬臂梁的变形;(2)含有压电层的层合板变形控制问题;(3)含有一对压电片的层合板的变形控制问题。针对上述问题,分别给出了理论解和数值解,并进行了相关讨论分析。结果表明压电材料可对结构进行精确控制,因此本文的结果可对复合材料梁和板在电场作用下的变形控制问题提供工程参考。