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1.
基于爆炸地震波分析3次爆炸事件的主要特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
郝春月  郑重 《爆炸与冲击》2014,34(6):730-735
主要分析全球地震台网牡丹江和白家疃地震台记录的2006年10月9日、2009年5月25日和2013年2月12日的3次爆炸事件。主要通过3次事件P震相振幅比和功率谱比值估计了3次事件的能量比,采用互相关方法计算了3次事件的相关系数,对比震相波形探讨3次事件发生的相对位置。2013年的爆炸事件与2009年的爆炸事件相比,三分向最大单振幅比值和功率谱比值平均分别为2.2和2.6;与2006年的爆炸事件相比,三分向P震相最大单振幅比值和功率谱比值平均分别为11.1和13.9。该结果暗示了2013年爆炸事件释放的能量高于2009年爆炸事件的2倍,高于2006年爆炸事件的10倍。在2~4 Hz频段内,2013年爆炸事件与2006年爆炸事件、2009年爆炸事件三分向波形的最大相关系数平均分别为0.90和0.99。相关性分析结果表示,3次爆炸事件在能量的主要集中频段高度相关,这表明3次爆炸事件发生的位置相距很近。相对位置分析表明,2013年爆炸事件发生的位置在2009年爆炸事件发生位置的东偏南方向。  相似文献   

2.
功率谱密度函数与反应谱的转换关系广泛应用于随机振动分析和人工地震动合成过程中,地震动持时对转换结果有着重要的影响。依据傅里叶幅值谱精确计算输入能量谱方法,并结合功率谱与幅值谱的关系,建立了与功率谱相对应的输入能量谱。以大量地震动记录统计得到的输入能量谱作为参考,提出了功率谱与设计谱转换过程中持时的确定方法。以Ⅱ类场地为例,选择了多条天然地震动记录和谱匹配时域调整记录进行统计计算,确定了合理的持时取值,通过人工合成记录验证了持时取值的合理性。  相似文献   

3.
提出了一种改进的矩形高层建筑横风向脉动激励模拟方法。从牛顿第二定理出发,将沿建筑高度分布的横风向加速度和楼层质量转化为沿楼层高度分布的横风向惯性力计算公式;考虑横风向力谱竖向相干函数,由此导出了沿建筑高度方向分布的横风向脉动力互谱,进而采取谐波合成法模拟出了沿建筑高度分布的横风向脉动力时程数据。结果表明:横风向振动响应与结构固有频率相关,结构前2阶模态频率所对应的横风向加速度响应功率谱约占80%,且第2阶模态频率占主导;当在结构2/3高度增加粘滞阻尼器时,第2阶模态频率所对应的结构加速度功率谱值降低约为43.1%,减震效果明显。因此,结构横风向加速度分析至少考虑前2阶模态的影响。  相似文献   

4.
建立了同时引入土壤介质相变和半覆水圆弧地形因素的场地模型,并给出了地下多点地震动模拟的理论框架,开发了依据本文理论的程序并予以可靠性验证。首先,基于探明的波场分布得到了SV波入射半覆水圆弧相变场地的频域解;其次,获得依据频域解的场地传递函数并求解出地下自功率谱,建立了基于所得到的地下相干函数的地下互功率谱,由此构建出地下功率谱矩阵;最后,实现频域模型向时域信号转化(即多点地震动时程曲线),进而基于上述理论进行可视化程序开发。通过数值算例进一步阐明了本研究的意义,结果表明,(1)地下与地表多点地震动在能量分布上存在显著差异,说明了研究的必要性;(2)生成地震动的拟合功率谱和拟合相干函数与理论值吻合较好,表明了结果的合理性;(3)可视化程序界面简洁,参数输入及调整方便,后处理结果显示清晰,反映出程序的便捷及适用性。  相似文献   

5.
为了研究爆炸地震耦合强度与爆炸当量的关系,针对某一硬岩介质,在相同爆炸深度条件下,进行了系列不同爆炸当量的小当量化学爆炸试验,爆炸源附近的介质特性相同。应用近场地表记录的其中两次爆炸当量相差一倍的试验数据,比较研究了他们的爆炸震源函数折合速度势振幅谱比,得到他们的地震耦合强度地震矩M0比值近似等于2,与他们的爆炸当量比值相等,因此得到同爆炸深度的地下爆炸地震强度与爆炸当量成正比的结论。  相似文献   

6.
刘薇  赵瑞杰  姜楠 《实验力学》2008,23(1):17-26
用IFA300恒温热线风速仪和×形二分量热线探针,以采样间隔小于最小湍流时间尺度的分辨率,精细测量了风洞中平板湍流边界层不同法向位置的瞬时流向、展向速度分量的时间序列信号.用子波分析辨识壁湍流相干结构猝发事件的能量最大准则,确定壁湍流相干结构猝发事件的时间尺度;用条件相位平均技术提取了相干结构猝发过程中流向、展向脉动速度分量条件相位平均波形,用互相关方法研究了相干结构猝发过程中流向、展向脉动速度分量条件相位平均波形的相位差关系及其对雷诺应力的影响,发现在缓冲层和对数律区,展向脉动速度与流向脉动速度的条件相位平均波形具有不同的相位;当两者相位基本一致时,雷诺应力达到正的最大值,此时湍流相干结构的产生非常活跃;当两者相位差分别集中在90°和270°附近时,雷诺应力的幅值减小并接近于零,此时湍流相干结构的产生和猝发都得到了抑制.  相似文献   

7.
基于单个压电振子的湍流边界层主动控制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
张浩  郑小波  姜楠 《力学学报》2016,48(3):536-544
利用安装在壁面上的单个压电振子周期振荡,采用开环主动控制方案,实现了对平板湍流边界层相干结构猝发的主动控制和壁湍流减阻.根据不同的输入电压幅值和频率,完成了10种工况的实验.在压电振子下游2 mm处,用热线风速仪和迷你热线单丝探针,精细测量湍流边界层不同法向位置瞬时流向速度信号的时间序列,分析了在Reθ=2 183压电振子振动对湍流边界层平均速度剖面、减阻率和相干结构猝发过程的影响.实验结果表明,施加控制的工况使平均速度剖面对数律层上移,产生减阻效果;压电振子振幅越大,减阻率越高,减阻效果越明显;通过对施加控制前后流向瞬时速度的多尺度湍涡结构脉动动能的尺度分析,当压电振子振动频率与壁湍流能量最大尺度的猝发频率相近时,减阻率达到最大,为25%,说明控制壁湍流能量最大尺度相干结构的猝发是实现壁湍流减阻的关键;通过对比相干结构猝发的流向速度分量条件相位平均波形,发现施加控制的工况中相干结构猝发流向速度分量的波形幅值明显降低,且流向速度在扫掠后期高速阶段迅速衰减,缩短了高速流体的下扫过程,说明压电振子的振动能抑制相干结构的高速流体下扫过程,减弱高速流体与壁面的强烈剪切过程,并使近壁区域相干结构的振幅显著减弱,迁移速度加快,从而减小壁面摩擦阻力.  相似文献   

8.
湍流边界层大尺度相干结构(large-scale coherent structure,LSCS)是目前湍流边界层研究的热点之一。湍流边界层中存在大尺度相干结构均是通过各种谱的低波数峰值证实的,而对大尺度相干结构各种物理量的空间拓扑形态及其发展演化规律还缺乏研究。应用高时间分辨粒子图像测速多相机阵列系统,测量湍流边界层大尺度相干结构各种状态的空间拓扑。实验雷诺数Reτ=422,采用沿流向方向按顺序排列四个高速相机同步拍摄,得到约6.7δ×1.2δ的大视场。在所有法向层沿流向方向进行空间多尺度连续小波变换,根据分尺度小波系数得到湍动能随流向尺度和法向位置的分布,根据各尺度小波系数的正负极值点检测各尺度相干结构喷射和扫掠的拓扑中心,使用条件采样和空间相位平均的方法测得各尺度相干结构喷射和扫掠阶段的空间拓扑形态,分别得到喷射与扫掠事件的脉动速度矢量、展向涡量、流线等物理量的空间相位平均拓扑,发现大尺度喷射和扫掠事件的结构都是多个小涡组成的大尺度涡包结构,每个小涡的流线形成鞍点和焦点组成的局部不稳定动力系统。  相似文献   

9.
陈国孝  刘喆  邵传平 《力学学报》2021,53(7):1856-1875
桥跨结构发生颤振时的旋涡尾流可由二维强迫旋转振荡板绕流模拟. 在弦厚比B/H = 5的振荡板两侧对称地放置两个宽度比均为b/H = 0.33的窄条, 对尾流的锁频旋涡脱落进行控制. 采用数值模拟和实验验证方法, 对旋涡场、尾流平均和脉动速度, 以及板所受扭转力矩和升力进行研究, 研究的振幅范围β = 0° ~ 10°, 振频范围feH/V = 0 ~ 0.0857, 雷诺数Re = VH/V = 2800. 窄条位置分为板的前缘、中央和尾缘3种, 控制参数为窄条横向坐标y/H. 根据实验结果, 当窄条位置y/H在一定范围, 振幅β = 0° ~ 7.5°, 振频feH/V = 0 ~ 0.08时, 有控制和无控制尾流脉动速度功率谱主峰的比值远低于1, 最低可达0.3左右. 根据数值模拟结果, 当中央控制件位于y/H = ±1附近时, 在振幅β = 0° ~ 7.5°, 和一定频率范围内, 脉动扭转力矩均方根和升力均方根都有大幅下降, 最多可分别降低43%和80%. 引入第一和第二涡黏系数, 将尾流无规则脉动形成的湍流法向和切向应力, 分别与扰动速度幅值的法向和切向梯度相联系, 得到线性稳定性方程. 稳定性分析表明, 施加控制后, 最大扰动放大因子ωi max大幅降低, 扰动增长的频率范围显著收窄. 窄条改变尾流速度剖面形状并增大湍流涡黏系数, 从而减弱尾流的不稳定性.   相似文献   

10.
针对设有混联Ⅰ型惯容系统的耗能结构基于李鸿晶谱的响应分析较为繁琐的问题,提出求解地震响应的简明封闭解法,并研究了惯容系统基本参数对减震性能的影响。首先,建立惯容系统和结构之间的微分型本构关系,并运用复模态法和虚拟激励法获得结构系列响应的统一解。其次,将结构系列响应的功率谱密度函数精确转化为复特征值及结构自振频率平方和表示的二次分解式,进而获得响应0阶~2阶谱矩的简明封闭解。最后,通过数值算例验证了所提方法的正确性及计算的高效性,对惯容系统参数的研究表明,当惯容系数和阻尼系数越大,结构减震效果越好,而刚度系数对结构的减震效果取决于惯容系统名义圆频率与结构自振圆频率的比值,当两者比值为0.9时减震效果最好。  相似文献   

11.
The purpose of this paper is to present an iterative scheme for finding a common element of the set of solutions to the variational inclusion problem with multivalued maximal monotone mapping and inverse-strongly monotone mappings and the set of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert space.Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for approximating this common elements are proved. The results presented in the paper not only improve and extend the main results in Korpelevich(Ekonomika i Matematicheskie Metody,1976,12(4):747-756),but also extend and replenish the corresponding results obtained by Iiduka and Takahashi(Nonlinear Anal TMA,2005,61(3):341-350),Takahashi and Toyoda(J Optim Theory Appl,2003, 118(2):417-428),Nadezhkina and Takahashi(J Optim Theory Appl,2006,128(1):191- 201),and Zeng and Yao(Taiwanese Journal of Mathematics,2006,10(5):1293-1303).  相似文献   

12.
Recently, introducing a transition predicting model into the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) environment has been paid more and more attention. Langtry proposed a correlation-based transition model in 2006, which was built strictly on local variables. However, two core correlations in the model had not been published until 2009. In this paper, after considerable analyses and discussions of the mechanism of this transition model and a series of numerical validations in the skin friction coefficient of flat plate boundary layers, a new correlation based on free-stream turbulence intensity is developed, and the empirical correlation of the transition onset momentum thickness Reynold number aiming at the hypersonic transition is improved. Low-speed/transonic airfoils and a hypersonic double wedge fiat are tested to prove the reliability and practicability of this correlation.  相似文献   

13.
Recently, introducing a transition predicting model into the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) environment has been paid more and more attention. Langtry proposed a correlation-based transition model in 2006, which was built strictly on local variables. However, two core correlations in the model had not been published until 2009. In this paper, after considerable analyses and discussions of the mechanism of this transition model and a series of numerical validations in the skin friction coefficient of flat plate boundary layers, a new correlation based on free-stream turbulence intensity is developed, and the empirical correlation of the transition onset momentum thickness Reynold number aiming at the hypersonic transition is improved. Low-speed/transonic airfoils and a hypersonic double wedge flat are tested to prove the reliability and practicability of this correlation.  相似文献   

14.
The unsteady dynamics of the Stokes flows, where , is shown to verify the vector potential–vorticity ( ) correlation , where the field is the pressure-gradient vector potential defined by . This correlation is analyzed for the Stokes eigenmodes, , subjected to no-slip boundary conditions on any two-dimensional (2D) closed contour or three-dimensional (3D) surface. It is established that an asymptotic linear relationship appears, verified in the core part of the domain, between the vector potential and vorticity, , where is a constant offset field, possibly zero.  相似文献   

15.
The paper deals with positive solutions of the initial-boundary value problem for with zero Dirichlet data in a smoothly bounded domain . Here is positive on (0,∞) with f(0) = 0, and λ1 is exactly the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of −Δ in Ω. In this setting, (*) may possess oscillating solutions in presence of a sufficiently strong degeneracy. More precisely, writing , it is shown that if then there exist global classical solutions of (*) satisfying and . Under the additional structural assumption , s > 0, this result can be sharpened: If then (*) has a global solution with its ω-limit set being the ordered arc that consists of all nonnegative multiples of the principal Laplacian eigenfunction. On the other hand, under the above additional assumption the opposite condition ensures that all solutions of (*) will stabilize to a single equilibrium.   相似文献   

16.
17.
Propeller tip and hub vortex dynamics in the interaction with a rudder   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
In the present paper, the interaction mechanisms of the vortices shed by a single-screw propeller with a rudder installed in its wake are addressed; in particular, following the works by Felli et al. (Exp Fluids 6(1):1–11, 2006a, Exp Fluids 46(1):147–1641, 2009a, Proceedings of the 8th international symposium on particle image velocimetry: Piv09, Melbourne, 2009b), the attention is focused on the analysis of the evolution, instability, breakdown and recovering mechanisms of the propeller tip and hub vortices during the interaction with the rudder. To investigate these mechanisms in detail, a wide experimental activity consisting in time-resolved visualizations, velocity measurements by particle image velocimetry (PIV) and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) along horizontal chordwise, vertical chordwise and transversal sections of the wake have been performed in the Cavitation Tunnel of the Italian Navy. Collected data allows to investigate the major flow features that distinguish the flow field around a rudder operating in the wake of a propeller, as, for example, the spiral breakdown of the vortex filaments, the rejoining mechanism of the tip vortices behind the rudder and the mechanisms governing the different spanwise misalignment of the vortex filaments in the pressure and suction sides of the appendage.  相似文献   

18.
A further development of the QALE‐FEM (quasi‐arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian finite element method) based on a fully nonlinear potential theory is presented in this paper. This development enables the QALE‐FEM to deal with three‐dimensional (3D) overturning waves over complex seabeds, which have not been considered since the method was devised by the authors of this paper in their previous works (J. Comput. Phys. 2006; 212 :52–72; J. Numer. Meth. Engng 2009; 78 :713–756). In order to tackle challenges associated with 3D overturning waves, two new numerical techniques are suggested. They are the techniques for moving the mesh and for calculating the fluid velocity near overturning jets, respectively. The developed method is validated by comparing its numerical results with experimental data and results from other numerical methods available in the literature. Good agreement is achieved. The computational efficiency of this method is also investigated for this kind of wave, which shows that the QALE‐FEM can be many times faster than other methods based on the same theory. Furthermore, 3D overturning waves propagating over a non‐symmetrical seabed or multiple reefs are simulated using the method. Some of these results have not been found elsewhere to the best of our knowledge. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

19.
Exploratory measurements of oscillatory boundary layers were conducted over a smooth and two different rough beds spanning the laminar, transitional and turbulent flow regimes using a multi-camera 2D-PIV system in a small oscillatory-flow tunnel (Admiraal et al. in J Hydraul Res 44(4):437–450, 2006). Results show how the phase lag between bed shear stress and free-stream velocity is better defined when the integral of the momentum equation is used to estimate the bed shear stress. Observed differences in bed shear stress and phase lag between bed shear stress and free-stream velocity are highly sensitive to the definition of the bed position (y = b). The underestimation of turbulent stresses close to the wall is found to explain such differences when using the addition of Reynolds and viscous stresses to define both the bed shear stress and the phase lag. Regardless of the flow regime, in all experiments, boundary-layer thickness reached its maximum value at a phase near the flow reversal at the wall. Friction factors in smooth walls are better estimated using a theoretical equation first proposed by Batchelor (An introduction to fluid dynamics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1967) while the more recent empirical predictor of Pedocchi and Garcia (J Hydraul Res 47(4):438–444, 2009a) was found to be appropriate for estimating friction coefficients in the laminar-to-turbulent transition regime.  相似文献   

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