复合材料机翼/外挂系统颤振特性分析

综合考虑复合材料机翼的材料耦合和几何耦合的特点,利用Hamilton原理建立了非定常气动力作用下复合材料机翼/外挂系统的气动弹性运动方程。采用微分求积法进行离散,运用MATLAB语言编程对系统响应进行数值仿真。计算结果表明:用微分求积法计算复合材料机翼的颤振特性是可行的;随材料耦合刚度的增加,机翼的颤振临界速度出现了双峰值;而对于复合材料机翼/外挂系统,颤振临界速度随材料耦合刚度的变化规律较为复杂,与外挂参数的设置相关。     

考虑几何非线性的复合材料机翼气动弹性分析

本文研究结构几何非线性与气动力非平面效应对大展弦比复合材料机翼的气动弹性行为的影响．将非线性有限元法与曲面涡格法结合，计算机翼静气动弹性变形；通过曲面偶极子格网法结合静气动弹性平衡位置处的结构切线刚度，建立气动弹性方程并求解得到机翼颤振速度．针对板模型机翼，分析了迎角对机翼几何非线性气动弹性特性的影响．结果表明：本文复合材料板模型机翼的颤振形式不受水平弯曲模态影响，属于经典弯扭颤振；在几何非线性的影响下，机翼扭转频率随结构变形增大而明显减小，颤振速度随迎角增大而减小．     

外挂物对大展弦比直机翼颤振特性的影响

为提高带外挂物大展弦比直机翼的颤振速度,基于假设模态法提出一种带集中质量弯扭组合梁模态分析手段,结合片条理论考察外挂物不同质量及布置形式对机翼颤振特性的影响。首先,基于弯扭组合梁建立带外挂物大展弦比直机翼的结构动力学模型,并利用假设模态法得到其弯曲和扭转模态。其次,引入片条理论近似计算有限翼展升力面的气动力,调整外挂物的质量、数目及其在机翼展向和弦向的相对位置,得到外挂物对机翼颤振特性的影响规律。最后,利用在机翼前缘附近悬吊小质量外挂物可提高机翼颤振速度的优势,探究颤振速度恢复方法并提出颤振速度恢复的优化问题,使得携带外挂物的机翼与不携带外挂物的机翼颤振速度基本相同。研究结果表明,外挂物的不同悬挂方式可引起机翼颤振模态的跳转,在以俯仰为颤振主模态的机翼上可调整外挂物位置以恢复原机翼的颤振速度。     

混合微分求积法在功能梯度材料平板柱形弯曲问题中的应用

利用混合微分求积法,对任意荷载作用下不同材料梯度分布的功能梯度材料平板柱形弯曲问题进行了分析。针对广义微分求积法求解集中荷载问题精度不高的缺点,本文利用小波微分求积法进行了改进。由于小波对突变信号具有良好的自适应描述能力,因此在平板宽度方向上,利用小波微分求积法可以有效地处理集中荷载;而在材料梯度变化的板厚方向上,则利用广义微分求积法计算量小且精度高的特点进行离散计算。计算表明,混合微分求积法不仅保留了广义微分求积法高效的特点,而且能有效地求解任意荷载作用的问题。通过算例,分析了在机械荷载作用下,材料不同梯度形式、平板上下表面材料性质差异对功能梯度平板结构响应的影响。     

线性变厚度粘弹性矩形板在随从力作用下的动力稳定性

利用粘弹性微分型本构关系和薄板理论,对线性变厚度粘弹性矩形薄板建立了在切向均布随从力作用下的运动微分方程,采用微分求积法研究了在随从力作用下线性变厚度粘弹性矩形薄板的稳定性问题,具体对对边简支对边固支和三边简支一边固支条件下体变为弹性、畸变服从Kelvin-Voigt模型的变厚度粘弹性矩形板在随从力下的广义特征值问题进行了求解,分析了薄板的长宽比、厚度比及材料的无量纲延滞时间的变化对随从力作用下矩形薄板的失稳形式及相应的临界荷载的影响.     

框架结构P-△效应分析的微分求积单元法

采用一种新的数值方法——微分求积单元法分析框架结构的P-△效应。微分求积单元法采用微分求积法直接求解微分方程的技术，并结合有限分割技术而形成。首先建立考虑剪切变形和轴力二阶效应的框架结构单元平衡微分方程，通过微分求积离散而得到梁单元的一般弹性刚度方程；同时考虑变形后节点的平衡条件和变形协调条件，导出框架结构整体二阶分析的微分求积单元法力学模型。由于该分析模型中包括了单元及结构的所有离散形式的控制方程，因此采用该模型进行结构分析可得出较为精确的解。数值算例的分析比较，表明了该法用于框架结构P-△效应分析的正确性和有效性。本文导出的框架结构二阶分析的微分求积单元法力学模型可用于框架结构剪切变形与几何非线性的耦合效应分析。     

多层复合壳体三维振动分析的谱——微分求积混合法

对于较厚的多层复合壳体,其振动位移沿厚度方向呈锯齿形变化且层间剪切和拉、压应力呈三维耦合状态,采用传统的等效单层理论分析已不能满足精度要求. 建立不受结构厚度、铺层材料性质和铺层方式限制的三维分析方法具有重要的研究价值. 本文以独立铺层为建模对象,结合广义谱方法与微分求积技术建立了一种适用一般边界条件和铺层方式的多层复合壳体三维分析新方法——谱--微分求积混合法. 该方法应用三维弹性理论对独立铺层进行精确建模,有效克服了二维简化理论对横向变形以及层间应力估计不确切的缺点;引入微分求积技术对铺层进行数值离散,将三维偏微分问题转化为二维偏微分问题,降低了求解维度和难度;应用广义谱方法近似地表述离散计算面上的场变量,将获取的二维偏微分方程转化为以场变量谱展开系数为未知量的线性代数方程组,避免了对超越方程的求解. 数值验证结果表明该方法收敛性好,计算精度高.      

多层复合壳体三维振动分析的谱-微分求积混合法

对于较厚的多层复合壳体,其振动位移沿厚度方向呈锯齿形变化且层间剪切和拉、压应力呈三维耦合状态,采用传统的等效单层理论分析已不能满足精度要求.建立不受结构厚度、铺层材料性质和铺层方式限制的三维分析方法具有重要的研究价值.本文以独立铺层为建模对象,结合广义谱方法与微分求积技术建立了一种适用一般边界条件和铺层方式的多层复合壳体三维分析新方法——谱-微分求积混合法.该方法应用三维弹性理论对独立铺层进行精确建模,有效克服了二维简化理论对横向变形以及层间应力估计不确切的缺点;引入微分求积技术对铺层进行数值离散,将三维偏微分问题转化为二维偏微分问题,降低了求解维度和难度;应用广义谱方法近似地表述离散计算面上的场变量,将获取的二维偏微分方程转化为以场变量谱展开系数为未知量的线性代数方程组,避免了对超越方程的求解.数值验证结果表明该方法收敛性好,计算精度高.     

弹性地基上变厚度矩形板自由振动的GDQ法求解

基于广义微分求积法(GDQ法),对弹性地基上变厚度矩形板横向自由振动的控制微分方程及其不同边界条件进行离散,研究了其自由振动的频率特性。数值计算得到了不同长宽比?、不同厚度变化参数?、不同地基参数K条件下以及简支或固定边界条件下弹性地基上变厚度矩形板的量纲为一的振动频率,并与已有文献进行了比较。结果表明:运用广义微分求积法对弹性地基上变厚度矩形板的频率求解结果在退化到K=0时与幂级数解的结果非常吻合;在条件相同的情况下,采用广义微分求积法仅需较少的节点(N=M=13)就能达到满意的求解精度。本文的研究为求解此类问题的低阶、高阶振动频率提供了一种简便有效的数值方法。     

梁式结构受移动荷载作用非平稳随机振动的DQ-PEM方法

针对梁式结构受移动荷载作用的非平稳随机振动问题,提出了一种综合利用微分求积法和虚拟激励法DQ-PEM的新方法。梁式结构受移动荷载作用的振动控制方程为含Dirac函数的偏微分方程,利用微分求积(DQ)-积分求积法(IQ)法将其振动控制方程转化为不含Dirac函数的常微分方程。同时,将表示荷载位置变化的Dirac函数视为移动荷载的非平稳化函数,再结合虚拟激励法的思想,可得梁式结构在确定性荷载作用下的虚拟响应,进而得到其非平稳随机响应。通过工程算例验证了该方法的准确性与有效性,并进一步讨论了不同速度和不同边界条件下梁式结构受移动荷载作用的随机振动问题。     

Flexural vibrations of double tapered atomic force microscope cantilevers studied by considering the contact position and using the differential quadrature method

The resonant frequency of flexural vibrations for a double tapered atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever has been investigated by using the Timoshenko beam theory. In this paper, the effects of various parameters on the dimensionless frequency of vibrations of the AFM cantilever have been studied. The differential quadrature method (DQM) is employed to solve the nonlinear differential equations of motion. The results show that the resonant frequency decreases when the Timoshenko beam parameter or the cantilever thickness increases, and high-order modes are more sensitive to it. The first frequency is sensitive only in the lower range of contact stiffness, but the higher-order modes are sensitive to the contact stiffness in a larger range. Increasing the tip height increases the sensitivity of the vibrational modes in a limited range of normal contact stiffness. Furthermore, with increasing the breadth taper ratio, the frequency increases. The DQM results are compared with the exact solution for a rectangular AFM cantilever.     

A mixed modal-differential quadrature method for free and forced vibration of beams in contact with fluid

A simple and accurate mixed modal-differential quadrature formulation is proposed to study the dynamic behavior of beams in contact with fluid. Both free and forced vibration problems are considered. The proposed mixed methodology uses the modal technique for the structural domain while it applies the differential quadrature method (DQM) to the fluid domain. Thus, the governing partial differential equations of the beam and fluid are reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations in time. In the case of forced vibration, the Newmark time integration scheme is employed to solve the resulting system of ordinary differential equations. The proposed formulation, in general, combines the simplicity of the modal method and high accuracy and efficiency of the DQM. Its application is shown by solving some beam-fluid interaction problems. Comparisons with analytical solutions show that the present method is very accurate and reliable. To demonstrate its efficiency, the test problems are also solved using the finite element method (FEM). It is found that the proposed method can produce better accuracy than the FEM using less computational time. The technique presented in this investigation is general and can be used to solve various fluid-structure interaction problems.     

Three-dimensional magneto-thermo-elastic analysis of functionally graded cylindrical shell

The present paper presents the three-dimensional magneto-thermo-elastic analysis of the functionally graded cylindrical shell immersed in applied thermal and magnetic fields under non-uniform internal pressure. The inhomogeneity of the shell is assumed to vary along the radial direction according to a power law function, whereas Poisson's ratio is supposed to be constant through the thickness. The existing equations in terms of the displacement components, temperature, and magnetic parameters are derived, and then the effective differential quadrature method(DQM) is used to acquire the analytical solution. Based on the DQM, the governing heat differential equations and edge boundary conditions are transformed into algebraic equations, and discretized in the series form. The effects of the gradient index and rapid temperature on the displacement,stress components, temperature, and induced magnetic field are graphically illustrated.The fast convergence of the method is demonstrated and compared with the results obtained by the finite element method(FEM).     

Nonlinear vibration analysis of laminated composite Mindlin micro/nano-plates resting on orthotropic Pasternak medium using DQM

The nonlocal nonlinear vibration analysis of embedded laminated microplates resting on an elastic matrix as an orthotropic Pasternak medium is investigated. The small size effects of micro/nano-plate are considered based on the Eringen nonlocal theory. Based on the orthotropic Mindlin plate theory along with the von Kármán geometric nonlinearity and Hamilton's principle, the governing equations are derived. The differential quadrature method (DQM) is applied for obtaining the nonlinear frequency of system. The effects of different parameters such as nonlocal parameters, elastic media, aspect ratios, and boundary conditions are considered on the nonlinear vibration of the micro-plate. Results show that considering elastic medium increases the nonlinear frequency of system. Furthermore, the effect of boundary conditions becomes lower at higher nonlocal parameters.     

Three-dimensional free vibration analysis of multi-directional functionally graded piezoelectric annular plates on elastic foundations via state space based differential quadrature method

The three-dimensional free vibration analysis of a multi-directional functionally graded piezoelectric(FGP) annular plate resting on two parameter(Pasternak)elastic foundations is investigated under different boundary conditions. The material properties are assumed to vary continuously along the radial and thickness directions and have exponent-law distribution. A semi-analytical approach named the state space based differential quadrature method(SSDQM) is used to provide an analytical solution along the thickness using the state space method(SSM) and an approximate solution along the radial direction using the one-dimensional differential quadrature method(DQM).The influence of the Winkler and shear stiffness of the foundation, the material property graded variations, and the circumferential wave number on the non-dimensional natural frequency of multi-directional FGP annular plates is studied.     

Application of the differential quadrature method to free vibration of viscoelastic thin plate with linear thickness variation

The differential quadrature method has been applied to investigate vibrations of viscoelastic thin plate with variable thickness. Firstly, the governing equations are derived in terms of the thin-plate theory and the two-dimensional viscoelastic differential constitutive relation. Then, the convergence of the method is demonstrated based on the differential equation of uniform thickness elastic square plate, which is reduced from the differential equation of viscoelastic plate with varying thickness. Lastly, the effects of aspect ratio, thickness ratio and dimensionless delay time on the vibrations of the linear thickness viscoelastic plate with different boundary conditions have been studied.     

Winkler-Pasternak弹性地基梁自由振动的二维弹性分析Two-dimensional elastic analysis for free vibration of beams set on winkler-pasternak elastic foundations

基于二维线弹性理论,应用Hamilton原理,获得Winkler-Pasternak弹性地基梁自由振动的控制微分方程,应用微分求积法(DQM)数值研究了梁自由振动的无量纲频率特性。计算结果与已有的结果(Bernoulli-Euler梁和Timoshenko梁)比较表明,本文的分析方法对弹性地基长梁和短梁自由振动的研究都有效。最后考虑了几何参数对梁频率的影响,以及不同边界条件下地基系数对频率的影响和收敛性。     

Winkler-Pasternak弹性地基梁自由振动的二维弹性分析

基于二维线弹性理论,应用Hamilton原理,获得Winkler-Pasternak弹性地基梁自由振动的控制微分方程,应用微分求积法(DQM)数值研究了梁自由振动的无量纲频率特性。计算结果与已有的结果(Bernoulli-Euler梁和Timoshenko梁)比较表明,本文的分析方法对弹性地基长梁和短梁自由振动的研究都有效。最后考虑了几何参数对梁频率的影响,以及不同边界条件下地基系数对频率的影响和收敛性。     

Mixed finite element and differential quadrature method for free and forced vibration and buckling analysis of rectangular plates

This paper presents a combined application of the finite element method (FEM) and the differential quadrature method (DQM) to vibration and buckling problems of rectangular plates. The proposed scheme combines the geometry flexibility of the FEM and the high accuracy and efficiency of the DQM. The accuracy of the present method is demonstrated by comparing the obtained results with those available in the literature. It is shown that highly accurate results can be obtained by using a small number of finite elements and DQM sample points. The proposed method is suitable for the problems considered due to its simplicity and potential for further development.     

A simple and accurate mixed FE-DQ formulation for free vibration of rectangular and skew Mindlin plates with general boundary conditions

A simple and accurate mixed finite element-differential quadrature formulation is proposed to study the free vibration of rectangular and skew Mindlin plates with general boundary conditions. In this technique, the original plate problem is reduced to two simple bar (or beam) problems. One bar problem is discretized by the finite element method (FEM) while the other by the differential quadrature method (DQM). The mixed method, in general, combines the geometry flexibility of the FEM and high accuracy and efficiency of the DQM and its implementation is more easier and simpler than the case where the FEM or DQM is fully applied to the problem. Moreover, the proposed formulation is free of the shear locking phenomenon that may be encountered in the conventional shear deformable finite elements. A simple scheme is also presented to exactly implement the mixed natural boundary conditions of the plate problem. The versatility, accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method for free vibration analysis of rectangular and skew Mindlin plates are tested against other solution procedures. It is revealed that the proposed method can produce highly accurate solutions for the natural frequencies of rectangular and skew Mindlin plates with general boundary conditions.