代数系统Maple在力学教学中的应用探讨

计算机代数系统在力学教学中应用非常普遍. 摘录Maple在理论力学、材料力学、弹性 力学和有限元中的应用, 以简便地完成模型求解和结果处理. 并扩展到备课、讲课和 课后作业演练等环节, 提供最大限度地计算支持. 将其引入力学教学, 引导和培养学生利用数学工具的习惯和能力, 强化算 法设计和程序的通用性和灵活性, 为处理复杂问题提供帮助.     

力学课程多元互动反馈教学模式的实施

互动反馈是影响教学效能的重要因素.力学课程是工程领域重要的专业基础课,概念和计算方法较多,学生感觉难度很大.传统教学模式师生互动不足,反馈信息不全面,学生注意力易分散,教学相对低效.本研究尝试在力学课程中构建互动反馈教学模式.首先为全面精细反馈提供技术支持,创建应答技术系统——师生互动平台;然后通过实践探寻多元互动反馈模式在力学课程中的实施策略,并给出具体的案例展示.实践表明,多元互动反馈模式能有效提高教学效能.     

磁致伸缩薄膜力学行为的有限元仿真研究

建立了一种磁致伸缩薄膜力学行为的有限元计算方法.该方法将磁致伸缩薄膜在磁场中的形变行为等效为薄膜在热场中的各向异性热膨胀形变行为,基于该等效模型,利用有限元软件计算了磁致伸缩薄膜悬臂梁的力学行为与外加磁场的关系.结果表明,该方法可有效模拟磁致伸缩薄膜在外磁场下的力学行为.     

国际非均匀材料力学会议（ICHMM）简介

为了提高非线性有限元的教学和科研水平，经中国力学学会和北京市力学学会批准，清华大学工程力学系于2004年6月17日～19日在北京举办了全国非线性有限元讲习班，聘请了美国西北大学Ted Belytschko教授讲学3天，题目为非线性有限元与计算力学。     

ON THE HEURISTIC AND EXAMPLE-DRIVEN TEACHING METHOD-A CASE STUDY OF FINITE ELEMENT SIMULATION COURSE 1)

有限元仿真课程已成为力学等专业新工科人才培养中的重要环节。本文针对该课程的特点，提出了实例驱动型启发式的教学方法。通过对带孔方板受拉问题的教学实例的阐述，详细介绍了实例驱动型教学方法的组成部分和实施要点，讨论了启发式理念在该实例教学中的体现。通过同济大学的教学实践，表明所提方法能显著提高教学效果。     

有限元仿真的一堂课——兼说实例驱动型启发式教学法

有限元仿真课程已成为力学等专业新工科人才培养中的重要环节。本文针对该课程的特点,提出了实例驱动型启发式的教学方法。通过对带孔方板受拉问题的教学实例的阐述,详细介绍了实例驱动型教学方法的组成部分和实施要点,讨论了启发式理念在该实例教学中的体现。通过同济大学的教学实践,表明所提方法能显著提高教学效果。     

Reflection on English translation of course name Theoretical Mechanics

现有理论力学课程英文名称普遍译成"TheoreticalMechanics".作者从课程发展的历史主线以及欧美惯用表述出发，提出对此译文的质疑，并进一步探讨分析力学在整个经典力学体系中的地位.针对我国现有理论力学教学现状，比较中美高校理论力学教学内容上的差异，呼吁在高校理论力学教学内容中增加分析力学的比重.在课程教学中，注重力学发展史主线的描绘，帮助学生树立力学学科的历史发展观，以进一步适应人才培养与时代发展需求.     

理论力学课程英译名称引发的思考

现有理论力学课程英文名称普遍译成"Theoretical Mechanics".作者从课程发展的历史主线以及欧美惯用表述出发,提出对此译文的质疑,并进一步探讨分析力学在整个经典力学体系中的地位.针对我国现有理论力学教学现状,比较中美高校理论力学教学内容上的差异,呼吁在高校理论力学教学内容中增加分析力学的比重.在课程教学中,注重力学发展史主线的描绘,帮助学生树立力学学科的历史发展观,以进一步适应人才培养与时代发展需求.     

在力学课程中进行双语教学探索

 讨论了在力学课程中开展双语教学的现实意义及可行性， 介绍了在力学课程中实施双语教学实践的全过程. 深入分析 了探索中的成功与不足之处，提出了应该注意的问题及解决 问题的方法.     

计算力学课程体系建设与思考————- 基于调查问卷分析

 通过对部分力学专业本科生和研究生的问卷调查, 了解学生对计算力学相关 方法与知识的掌握与使用情况, 并结合对学生相关调查现状分析的基础上, 探讨了计算 力学课程的内容与模式. 结合计算力学系列课程的开设与实践, 阐述了计算力学课程体系建 设与改革的一些思想和做法.     

Electrogas- and electrohydrodynamic control of gas and liquid jets and flows

The physical and mathematical principles of the method of electrogas-and electrohydrodynamic conversion of electrical signals to pneumatic (hydraulic) signals and vice versa for control of gas and liquid jets and flows in electropneumohydraulic systems are considered. St. Petersburg State Technical University, St. Petersburg 195251. Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 41, No. 2, pp. 25–31, March–April, 2000.     

Fatigue and static strength of notched and unnotched aluminum-alloy and steel specimens

This paper describes a method of presentation of fatigue data on three commonly used aircraft materials, 2024-T3 and 7075-T6 aluminum alloys and normalized SAE 4130 steel, such that variations in fatigue strength with stress-concentration factor can be shown. Comparisons of the fatigue strengths of 2024-T3 and 7075-T6 aluminum are made for the most useful range of stress-concentration factors. Static-strength results of notched and unnotched specimens of the three materials are presented to show how the strength varies with some parameters of the stress concentration. Comparison of the data with one theory for the strength of cracked specimens was made.     

STICTION AND ANTI—STICTION IN MEMS AND NEMS

Stiction in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) has been a major failure mode ever since the advent of surface micromachining in the 80s of the last century due to large surfacearea-to-volume ratio. Even now when solutions to this problem are emerging, such as self-assembled monolayer (SAM) and other measures, stiction remains one of the most catastrophic failure modes in MEMS. A review is presented in this paper on stiction and anti-stiction in MEMS and nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). First, some new experimental observations of stiction in radio frequency (RF) MEMS switch and micromachined accelerometers are presented. Second, some criteria for stiction of microstructures in MEMS and NEMS due to surface forces (such as capillary, electrostatic, van der Waals, Casimir forces, etc.) are reviewed. The influence of surface roughness and environmental conditions (relative humidity and temperature) on stiction are also discussed. As hydrophobic films, the self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) turn out able to prevent release-related stiction effectively. The anti-stiction of SAMs in MEMS is reviewed in the last part. The project supported by the Distinguished Young Scholar Fund of NSFC (10225209), key project from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX2-SW-L2) and National “973” Project (G1999033103)     

水和水蒸汽热力学物性参数及导数的计算与应用

本文针对现代换热设备设计、两相流动与传热研究的需要,介绍了可供科研使用的水和水蒸汽物性计算方法,完善了计算程序。根据超临界锅炉设计中的超临界水的物性计算,两相流研究和换热设备动态特性研究中对物性导数计算的需要,提供了两个算例,并进行了定性分析。     

Fracture and stability of materials and structural members with cracks: approaches and results

A new alternative approach to fracture problems for materials and structural elements with cracks is set out. It is based on the mechanism of local instability near defects. The approach is used to study the fracture of materials compressed along interacting cracks and the fracture of thin structural members with cracks under tension with allowance for local buckling.__________Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 40, No. 12, pp. 18–64, December 2004.     

Fundamental properties of elasto-plastic matrix and existence and uniqueness of elasto-plastic stress and displacement

Based on the assumption that the yield criterionF(,)=0 is a differentiable surface in stress space and by starting from a specially defined real Euclidean space, the fundamental properties of the elasto-plastic matrix in the incremental theory of plasticity is discussed in detail. By using these results, a convex analysis is made to prove the existence and uniqueness of 1) the distribution of incremental elasto-plastic stress for work-hardening materrials; 2) the displacement distribution for work-hardening materials. Material isotropy is assumed in all discussions of relevant problems.     

Drawing and extruding: Theoretical and approximate formulas

Summary The problem of drawing of wires and of strips has been treated in several studies; among these the studies of Sachs seem essential. However, the results deduced according to similar theories are not always in accordance with the experimental results: reduction of area or of thickness are in fact usually smaller than those resulting from the theory. This is in dependance of the fact that Sachs has adopted the Limiting Condition of Yielding by v. Mises, according to which the limit values of stress in traction and compression are equal. More recently other AA. (Alberti, Noto La Diega, Bugini), admitting the Limiting Condition of Yielding by A. (or of the Paraboloid of Revolution) of which we have treated in one of our previous works, attain results tallying with the experience. In the present study the above said subjects are treated as to evidence their unitarian signifiance and clarify their several aspects. The approximate formulas proposed by A. result of easy and quick application. In the same manner are treated other problems, among which the problem of the extrusion (Bagarello, Ammendola).

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Sommario Il problema della trafilatura dei fili metallici e delle strisce di lamiera è stato trattato in diverse Memorie, fra le quali fondamentali sono quelle del Sachs. I risultati dedotti in base a tali studi non sempre però concordano con le risultanze sperimentali: i rapporti di riduzione delle aree o degli spessori sono infatti di norma inferiori a quelli che risultano da tali teorie. Ciò dipende dal fatto che il Sachs ha posto a base dei suoi studi la Condizione di Plastificazione del v. Mises secondo la quale i limiti di resistenza del materiale che si considera alla trazione e alla compressione semplice sono uguali. Più recentemente altri AA. (Alberti, Noto La Diega, Bugini), adottando la Condizione di Plastificazione dell' A. (o del Paraboloide di Rivoluzione), del quale abbiamo trattato in un precedente lavoro, pervengono a risultati più attinenti alla practica. Col presente studio gli argomenti vengono trattati mettendone in evidenza il significato unitario e chiarendone i vari aspetti. Le formule approssimate proposte dall' A. risultano di facile e immediata applicazione. In maniera analoga vengono trattati altri problemi, fra i quali quello dell'estrusione (Bagarello, Ammendola).