光学空间频率合成器及其在无分散三维形状计测中的应用

传统的白光干涉法、光学频谱扫描干涉法、低相干度断层扫描法以及其他三维形状计测法均采用宽带光学频谱光源实现绝对高度的测量,因此当测量对象存在不均匀的折射率分布或者光学吸收特性时,以上方法将不能给出准确的测量结果.针对传统绝对干涉法的这些制约,本研究通过干涉现象中时空参数的类比,提出了宽带空间频谱单色光源的概念,并通过改变光源的空间频谱构造验证了无分散三维绝对形状测定方法的可行性.     

光学空间频率合成器及其在无分散三维形状计测中的应用

传统的白光干涉法、光学频谱扫描干涉法、低相干度断层扫描法以及其他三维形状计测法均采用宽带光学频谱光源实现绝对高度的测量，因此当测量对象存在不均匀的折射率分布或者光学吸收特性时，以上方法将不能给出准确的测量结果。针对传统绝对干涉法的这些制约，本研究通过干涉现象中时空参数的类比，提出了宽带空间频谱单色光源的概念，并通过改变光源的空间频谱构造验证了无分散三维绝对形状测定方法的可行性。     

基于等厚干涉的轴向空间相干度分析及其在表面形状测量中的可行性探讨

从等厚子干涉的解释出发，推导出了二维空间的相干方程。基于空间相干方程，利用SLM产生了一个新的空间非相干光源。同时提出了新的相移方案，并结合这个新的相移方案，实现了轴向空间距离的探测和干涉条纹的相移。分析了空间方向角度相干方程的影响，并给出了实验验证。通过对非相干光源的参数和特定的空间距离以及空间方向角的匹配，重建了一个具有标准段差的实际物体的表现形状。为光学表面形状测量提供了新的思路。     

云纹干涉法现场测量中的变形试件栅复制技术

本文研究了云纹干涉法的现场测量技术.该方法在现场测量过程中复制变形的试件栅.试件栅上保留了载荷引起的变形信息,通过云纹干涉法可以得到这些变形信息.该方法不但具有云纹干涉法的所有优点,并且使云纹干涉法可以在光学实验室以外场合中应用.     

电子散斑干涉和Video全息干涉

本文综述了有关电子散斑干涉法(ESPI)和Vidco全息干涉技术的一些近期成果.主要包括:有机玻璃模型中主应力和的测量,二维气体温度场和轴对称气体温度场的测量,三维物体表面形状和三维位移场的测量.条纹图均用数字图象处理系统处理.文中介绍了各种测量光路和操作技术,分析了可能出现的误差,提供了部分实验结果.     

单光束楔形镜云纹干涉法

本文利用单光束楔形镜云纹干涉法代替传统的双光束云纹干涉法进行位移场和应变场的测量.单光束云纹干涉法具有光路简单,不受环境干扰等特点.本文将云纹干涉法的波前理论与近代光学信息技术有机地结合起来,对单光束干涉系统进行了分析,得到了记录的光强和再现的位移应变公式.利用该系统,得到了三点弯矩形梁的全场位移条纹图和应变条纹图.     

光学干涉计量中的位相测量方法

对光学干涉计量中常用的位相测量方法进行了综述,包括时间相移法、空间相移法、空间载波相移法和Fourier变换法以及位相展开问题。     

激光反射全息干涉法现场测量残余应力的实验研究

本文根据激光反射干涉法的基本原理，采用钻盲孔释放残余应变的手段，提出一种新颖的残余应力激光全息现场测量的方法，推导出该光学测量方法３种计算公式．解决了激光全息干涉法不能进行现场实测的难题．     

激光散斑干涉法测量金属复合引线热膨胀系数的实验研究

本文采用激光散斑干涉法测量微电子金属封装用金属复合引线的热膨胀系数。该方法有很高的测量精度和灵敏度,并对试件形状、尺寸和表面无特殊要求。同时利用光学方法全场测量的优点,使用已知热膨胀系数的金属材料作为标准试件,可减少温度场不均匀分布及微小变化对测试精度的影响,消除了测量光路几何参数导致的系统误差。在相对简单的实验设备下,得到较高精度金属复合引线的热膨胀系数值。该方法可广泛用于各种新材料的热膨胀系数的测定。     

激光反射全息干涉法现场测量残余应力的实验研究

本文根据激光反射干涉法的基本原理，采用钻盲孔释放残余应变的手段，提出一种新颖的残余应力激光全息现场测量的方法，推导出该光学测量方法３种计算公式．解决了激光全息干涉法不能进行现场实测的难题．     

High resolution, high sensitivity moire method

Based on geometric moire method, moire interferometry and microscopic moire interferometry, a high spatial resolution and high sensitivity geometric microscopic moire method is presented. Geometric micron-moire patterns are produced by the superposition of two high frequency gratings through a microscope system. Compared with other grating-based photo-mechanics methods, microscopic moire method could provide whole-field moire patterns of both high spatial resolution and high sensitivity. The frequency of specimen and reference gratings used in this method can be from 1 line/mm to 10000 lines/mm. Additionally, a 4F optical filter system is used to enhance the contrast of microscopic moire patterns effectively. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

三维位移场(U,V,W)实时观测的云纹干涉法

本文将一特殊布置的云纹干涉系统和一垂直入射试件栅的麦克尔逊干涉系统组和起来,利用云纹干涉系统测量两个面内位移分量U、V,垂直入射的麦克尔逊干涉系统测量离面位移分量 W。调节云纹干涉系统中入射光的入射角,使正、负一级衍涉波的传播方向偏离开试件栅法向一微小角度,从而使一级衍涉波的频谱点与麦克尔逊干涉系统中的零级衍涉波的频谱点在频谱面上分开。利用小反射镜的反射来改变一级衍射波的传播方向,从而使我们在三个彼此分开的成像面上同步实时观测到三维位移场的条纹图。文中给出了严格的理论推导和实验验证。     

云纹干涉条纹倍增方法研究

本文将云纹干涉法与载波法、倍增技术相结合,提出一种位移场和应变场云纹干涉条纹倍增方法,该方法使得云纹干涉法测量灵敏度提高四倍以上。文中对该方法给出了严格的理论推导和实验验证。     

Spatial frequency range analysis for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

An analysis of the spatial frequency ranges for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS), subject to initial conditions with Gaussian and band-limited spatial frequency spectra, is presented in this paper. The analysis is based on a Volterra series representation of the NLS equation. This study reveals the relationship between the spatial frequency ranges of the solution, along with the evolution of the system, and the spatial frequency ranges of the initial conditions, and extends previous results in linear and nonlinear finite dimensional systems. The analysis also reveals a variety of nonlinear phenomena including self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation and Raman effects modelled using the NLS equation.     

Depth-resolved Imaging and Displacement Measurement Techniques Viewed as Linear Filtering Operations

The last 5 years have seen the emergence of a family of optical interferometric techniques that provide deformation measurements throughout three-dimensional (3-D) weakly scattering materials. They include wavelength scanning interferometry (WSI), tilt scanning interferometry (TSI), phase contrast spectral optical coherence tomography (PC SOCT) and hyperspectral interferometry (HSI) and can be thought of as a marriage between the phase sensing capabilities of Phase Shifting Interferometry and the depth-sensing capabilities of Optical Coherence Tomography. It was recently shown that some closely related 3-D optical imaging techniques can be treated as shift-invariant linear filtering operations. In this paper, we extend that work to include WSI, TSI, PC SOCT and HSI as spatial filtering operations and also relate the properties of their transfer functions in the spatial frequency domain to their spatial resolution and phase sensitivity, for depth-resolved displacement measurements.     

组件裂尖变形场的云纹显微倍增研究

将云纹干涉法与显微、倍增技术相结合，发展了一种位移场云纹条纹显微倍增方法．对该方法进行了严格的理论推导和精确的实验验证，并用该方法对热载下微电子模拟组件的层间裂纹尖端位移场和奇异性进行了实验研究     

AN IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS FOR CRACK DETECTION IN THE TIMOSHENKO BEAM BASED ON THE ANTI-RESONANCE TECHNIQUE

An alternative technique for crack detection in a Timoshenko beam based on the first anti-resonant frequency is presented in this paper.Unlike the natural frequency,the anti-resonant frequency is a local parameter rather than a global parameter of structures,thus the proposed technique can be used to locate the structural defects.An impedance analysis of a cracked beam stimulated by a harmonic force based on the Timoshenko beam formulation is investigated.In order to characterize the local discontinuity due to cracks,a rotational spring model based on fracture mechanics is proposed to model the crack.Subsequently,the proposed method is verified by a numerical example of a simply-supported beam with a crack.The effect of the crack size on the anti-resonant frequency is investigated.The position of the crack of the simply-supported beam is also determined by the anti-resonance technique.The proposed technique is further applied to the"contaminated"anti-resonant frequency to detect crack damage,which is obtained by adding 1-3% noise to the calculated data.It is found that the proposed technique is effective and free from the environment noise.Finally,an experimental study is performed,which further verifies the validity of the proposed crack identification technique.     

Comparison between Digital Fresnel Holography and Digital Image-Plane Holography: The Role of the Imaging Aperture

Optical techniques are now broadly used in the field of experimental mechanics. The main advantages are they are non intrusive and no contact. Moreover optical techniques lead to full spatial resolution displacement maps enabling the computing of mechanical value also in high spatial resolution. For mesoscopic measurements, digital image correlation can be used. Digital holographic interferometry is well suited for quantitative measurement of very small displacement maps on the microscopic scale. This paper presents a detailed analysis so as to compare digital Fresnel holography and digital image-plane holography. The analysis is based on both theoretical and experimental analysis. Particularly, a theoretical analysis of the influence of the aperture and lens in the case of image-plane holography is proposed. Optimal filtering and image recovering conditions are thus established. Experimental results show the appropriateness of the theoretical analysis.