DESIGN PRINCIPLES AND CASE ANALYSIS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS’ STRUCTURAL DESIGN COMPITITION

在结构设计竞赛中,结构方案的优劣对竞赛结果起着至关重要的作用,素有"方案为王"的说法。对结构方案设计的总体原则进行了总结,并以上海交通大学代表队在第十一届全国大学生结构设计竞赛上的获奖作品为例,介绍以上方案设计原则在实际操作中的应用。     

结构设计竞赛中风力发电塔模型设计与制作

以第三届全国大学生结构设计竞赛为背景, 介绍了浙江大学参赛作品的设计与制作过程. 本届结构设计竞赛与往届相比, 命题中引入了多学科交叉的元素, 以设计制作木结构风力发电塔为目标, 除了要求结构具有足够的承载能力和刚度外, 还要求风力机具有尽可能高的发电量, 模型设计与制作难度非常大. 浙江大学参赛队将理论与实践紧密结合, 设计并制作出与本届竞赛试验条件相适应的风力发电塔, 取得了优异的成绩. 本文的设计思路和模型制作方法对结构设计竞赛有一定的参考价值.
     

Stability and bifurcation periodic solutions in a Lotka–Volterra competition system with multiple delays

This paper is concerned with a Lotka?CVolterra competition system with multiple delays. Firstly, we investigate the existence and stability of the positive equilibrium. In particular, we find that the system has Hopf bifurcation at the positive equilibrium, whereas this singularity does not occur for the corresponding system with two delays when interspecies competition is weaker than intraspecies competition. Secondly, we analyze the stability of the periodic solutions by reducing the original system on the center manifold. Finally, some numerical examples are given to verify our theoretical results.     

TRAJECTORY DESIGN OF THE GALAXY SETTLEMENT-SUMMARY OF THE CHAMPION TEAM TO THE 10TH GLOBAL TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION COMPETITION

由美国喷气推进实验室(Jet Propulsion Laboratory, JPL)主办的第十届国际空间轨道设计大赛于2019 年6月落下帷幕,中国队伍首次在该赛事中夺冠。本届比赛在历史上首次以科幻任务为背景,需设计对银河系10万颗恒星的最优移民轨道方案。本文介绍了银河系移民的任务要求、引力模型和飞船机动模型,着重分析了赛题的评价指标。引入了树结构来表示移民方案,并对移民树初始分布的选取方法进行了描述,再对比介绍了正向和反向两种移民树生成策略。同时对竞赛中使用的移民树局部优化和拓扑重构等方法进行了简要说明,并在银河系星图中以树结构展示了冠军方案。对本届竞赛的意义进行了总结,得到了一些有益的启发。     

DESIGN SCHEME BY THE CHAMPION TEAM OF THE "THEORETICAL DESIGN AND OPERATION" OF THE 11th NATIONAL ZHOU PEIYUAN COMPETITION ON MECHANICS FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS OF CHINA

本文主要介绍了清华大学代表队在第十一届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛"理论设计与操作"团体赛中的解题思路、操作过程和设计方案,简要总结了此次参赛的经验和教训。     

The complex dynamics of R&D competition models of three oligarchs with heterogeneous players

This paper uses the theory of bifurcations of dynamical systems, considering R&D input competition model in oligopoly market with heterogeneous rationality. We assume that cooperation, as well as competition, exists among the oligarchs, which are closer to reality and different from previous studies. On the basis of analyzing the stabilities of four fixed points in the three-dimensional dynamic system, a local stable region of Nash equilibrium is obtained. Simulation results show that the adjustment of R&D input speed has an obvious impact on the complexity of competition, and also show that the system profit will decrease when it is in chaos. So this paper discusses the application of parameters control method when the model is in chaos and then allows the oligarchs to eliminate the negative effects.     

DESIGN AND PRACTICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION EXPERIMENT PROJECT IN STRUCTURE DESIGN COMPETITION1)

结合土木工程专业大学生结构设计竞赛的特点和学生实践能力培养要求,为了研究结构设计竞赛竹皮构件的受力性能,以竞赛用竹皮和胶水为原料,设计了学生科技创新实验项目,对不同长度、厚度的竹皮构件分别进行抗压、抗拉、抗弯实验和胶水与竹皮的复合强度实验,通过对构件加载进行承载力测试。实验表明厚竹皮的拉、压、弯荷重比性能较好,胶水滴注可以提高竹皮的荷重比,竹皮构件受压非线性特性较为明显。该创新性实验项目紧密结合结构设计竞赛开展,具有极强的实践性和研究性,有利于培养学生的团队协作和创新能力。     

以力学竞赛促进基础力学教改的创新与实践

以组织与辅导力学竞赛为契机,促进基础力学教学改革. 着眼于提高学生的力学素养与创新 能力,围绕如何创新基础力学教学新模式,从激发学生学习的热情与动力、改革教学实验、 提升力学课程建设等方面介绍了基于大学生力学竞赛培养力学人才与促进高校基础力学教学 改革的基本做法、实践效果与创新成果.     

Global stability for infinite-delay,dispersive Lotka-Volterra systems: Weakly interacting populations in nearly identical patches

A Lotka-Volterra-like model ofm interacting species which can disperse amongn discrete habitats and where species interaction terms involve general unbounded delays is shown to possess a globally stable equilibrium when the undelayed intraspecific competition term dominates interspecific interactions as well as the delayed intraspecific competition effect and when then habitats are nearly identical.     

Periodic necking instabilities in layered plastic composites

A bifurcation analysis of a solid composed of alternating material layers is carried out. We study the conditions under which periodic incremental deformations (eigenmodes), consistent with an overall homogeneous stretching, can emerge when the solid is subjected to plane strain, uniaxial tension parallel to the layer interfaces. These undulatory eigenmodes are in competition with shear localization, taken here to be signaled by a loss of ellipticity of the governing incremental equations. The influence of various material parameters on this competition is discussed and contact is made with previous work.     

An analysis of the membrane deflection experiment used in the investigation of mechanical properties of freestanding submicron thin films

In this paper we investigate, both experimentally and theoretically, the competition between different failure mechanisms (stretching, bending and curvature localization) in freestanding submicron thin films commonly used in micro-electromechanical systems. Microstructures made of elastic-brittle materials such as ultrananocrystalline diamond, diamond like carbon and silicon nitride, as well as elastic–plastic materials such as gold, aluminum, and copper, are tested by means of the membrane deflection experiment developed at Northwestern University. Evidence of competition between different failure modes has been found for the investigated elastic-brittle materials. The phenomenon is dependent on specimen size and shape. By contrast, in the case of elastic–plastic materials, failure due to stretching was found to be the dominant mechanism. An analytical model is proposed to rationalize the experimental data and to provide dimensionless parameters able to describe the competition between different failure mechanisms. These dimensionless parameters are particularly useful in the design of specimens employed in the MDE technique.     

第二届全国深空轨道设计竞赛总结

简要地总结了第二届全国深空轨道设计竞赛的题目、评价标准、各参赛队设计结果以及从设计结果获得的启示.     

第十二届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛“理论设计与操作”团体赛“自停滚轮”项目设计方案

本文介绍了江苏科技大学代表队在第十二届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛“理论设计与操作”团体赛“自停滚轮”项目中的设计方案和制作过程,给关心和热爱该比赛的力学爱好者提供参考。     

Interaction between salinity intrusion and vegetation succession: A modeling approach

Predicting potential changes in groundwater salinity in low-lying coastal regions due to climate change is important, where coastal vegetation is abundant, succession competition between halophytes and glycophytes plays a significant role in the salinity budget. Sea level rise enhances salinity intrusion, contributing an additional dimension to vegetation competition. A new simulation model known as mangrove-hardwood hammock model coupled with saturated-unsaturated transport (MANTRA) has recently been developed by the authors to simulate groundwater salinity regimes in the presence of vegetation competition, subject to climate change. MANTRA is based upon linking two existing Unites States geological survey (USGS) simulation models known as mangrove-hardwood hammock model (MANHAM) and saturated-unsaturated transport (SUTRA). MANHAM simulates the evolution of vegetation succession subject to changing groundwater salinity. SUTRA simulates saturated and unsaturated transport of solutes and salinity in groundwater given sea salinity. MANTRA improves the simulation robustness to simultaneously simulate groundwater hydrology, salinity and coastal vegetation succession subject to sea level rise. Some simulation results will be presented to demonstrate the impact of sea level rise on coastal vegetation succession and groundwater salinity.     

INTRODUCTION TO THE 7TH TEACHING COMPETITION OF YOUTH FACULTY OF FUNDAMENTAL MECHANICS COURSES

阐述了教育部高等学校力学基础课程教学指导分委员会举办的全国高校第七届基础力学青年教师讲课比赛的基本情况、本届讲课比赛的特点、讲课比赛中反映出的问题及其改进的建议。希望通过本文的介绍,让国内各高校教师了解本届讲课比赛以及比赛中反映出的问题,为进一步办好讲课比赛、提高我国基础力学课程的教学水平和质量提供参考。     

Robust resource allocation strategy for technology innovation ecosystems: state and control constraints

Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper considers a robust resource allocation strategy design problem in technology innovation ecosystem. The purpose is for both healthy competition and symbiosis between...     

Global Dynamics of a Two Species Competition Model in Open Stream Environments

This paper is concerned with a Lotka–Volterra competition system which describes the dynamics of two aquatic species in a river with unidirectional water flow. It is assumed that two species are identical except their movement strategies distinguished by diffusion and advection rates. Assume further that the downstream end of the river is open, then at this boundary there is always a net loss of individuals incurred by water flow. Our final results suggest that when the downstream loss is small, the strategy of a combination of faster diffusion but smaller advection is always beneficial for species to win the competition; while the movement of both faster diffusion and advection can be favorable or unfavorable depending on the gap between two advection rates. Some different dynamics are illustrated when the downstream loss becomes severe.     

Traveling Wave Solutions for Delayed Reaction–Diffusion Systems and Applications to Diffusive Lotka–Volterra Competition Models with Distributed Delays

This paper is concerned with the traveling wave solutions of delayed reaction–diffusion systems. By using Schauder’s fixed point theorem, the existence of traveling wave solutions is reduced to the existence of generalized upper and lower solutions. Using the technique of contracting rectangles, the asymptotic behavior of traveling wave solutions for delayed diffusive systems is obtained. To illustrate our main results, the existence, nonexistence and asymptotic behavior of positive traveling wave solutions of diffusive Lotka–Volterra competition systems with distributed delays are established. The existence of nonmonotone traveling wave solutions of diffusive Lotka–Volterra competition systems is also discussed. In particular, it is proved that if there exists instantaneous self-limitation effect, then the large delays appearing in the intra-specific competitive terms may not affect the existence and asymptotic behavior of traveling wave solutions.     

Spatiotemporal dynamics induced by nonlocal competition in a diffusive predator-prey system with habitat complexity

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, we study a delayed diffusive predator–prey model with nonlocal competition in prey and habitat complexity. The local stability of coexisting equilibrium is...     

Predicting solutions of the Lotka‐Volterra equation using hybrid deep network

Prediction of Lotka-Volterra equations has always been a complex problem due to their dynamic properties. In this paper, we present an algorithm for predicting the Lotka-Volterra equation and investigate the prediction for both the original system and the system driven by noise. This demonstrates that deep learning can be applied in dynamics of population. This is the first study that uses deep learning algorithms to predict Lotka-Volterra equations. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the performances of the proposed algorithm, including Predator nonlinear breeding and prey competition systems, one prey and two predator competition systems, and their respective systems. All the results suggest that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective for predicting Lotka-Volterra equations. Furthermore, the influence of the optimizer on the algorithm is discussed in detail. These results indicate that the performance of the machine learning technique can be improved by constructing the neural networks appropriately.