忆甲子峥嵘 谋未来发展——写在《力学学报》创刊60周年

正今年是《力学学报》创刊60周年.1957年以我国近代力学和航天事业奠基人钱学森先生为首的一批科学家创办了《力学学报》.由于历史原因,《力学学报》于1960年停刊,1962年复刊,1966年再停刊,1974年再复刊,1977年10月请时任中国科学院院长的郭沫若先生题写了《力学学报》刊名.60年来,《力学学报》在历任主编钱学森、郭永怀、郑哲敏、林同骥、黄克智、吴承康、王自强、杨卫、程耿东、郑泉水和现任主编魏悦广的领导下,在各届编委和编辑部同仁的共同努力下,在广大作者的支持下,《力学     

郭永怀光辉的一生

郭永怀先生是我国著名的力学家和应用数学家．在美国留学和工作期间,他耕耘在空气动力学前沿,为跨声速流与应用数学做出贡献．在回国工作的12年间,他积极参加规划我国力学发展蓝图,培育力学人才,是我国近代力学的奠基人;他为我国原子弹、氢弹的研制贡献了全部心血乃至生命,是我国核武器事业的先驱．郭永怀先生热爱祖国、艰苦奋斗、谦虚质朴、无私奉献,他学识渊博,治学严谨,是我国科技工作者的楷模．郭永怀先生是《力学学报》第二任主编．在他的主持下,《力学学报》从创刊初期就具有很高的学术起点和公正、严谨、求实的学术声誉．这里我们向广大读者介绍郭先生的光辉一生,并刊出他的学生们的一些论文,以表达我们对这位主编的怀念和崇敬．     

力学学科未来发展研讨会暨《力学学报》创刊60周年座谈会

<正>《力学学报》创刊于1957年2月,是力学学科中历史最为悠久的一本期刊.首任主编为钱学森.第二至第十任主编分别为郭永怀、郑哲敏、林同骥、黄克智、吴承康、王自强、杨卫、程耿东、郑泉水,现任主编为魏悦广.为庆祝《力学学报》创刊60周年,《力学学报》编委会决定于2017年6月16日在北京西郊宾馆召开"力学学科未来发展研讨会暨《力学学报》创刊60周年座谈会".     

郭永怀光辉的一生

郭永怀先生是我国著名的力学家和应用数学家.在美国留学和工作期间,他耕耘在空气动力学前沿,为跨声速流与应用数学做出贡献.在回国工作的12年间,他积极参加规划我国力学发展蓝图,培育力学人才,是我国近代力学的奠基人;他为我国原子弹、氢弹的研制贡献了全部心血乃至生命,是我国核武器事业的先驱.郭永怀先生热爱祖国、艰苦奋斗、谦虚质朴、无私奉献,他学识渊博,治学严谨,是我国科技工作者的楷模.郭永怀先生是《力学学报》第二任主编.在他的主持下,《力学学报》从创刊初期就具有很高的学术起点和公正、严谨、求实的学术声誉.这里我们向广大读者介绍郭先生的光辉一生,并刊出他的学生们的一些论文,以表达我们对这位主编的怀念和崇敬.     

郭永怀光辉的一生

郭永怀先生是我国著名的力学家和应用数学家. 在美国留学和工作期间, 他耕耘在空气动力学前沿, 为跨声速流与应用数学做出贡献. 在回国工作的12 年间, 他积极参加规划我国力学发展蓝图, 培育力学人才, 是我国近代力学的奠基人; 他为我国原子弹、氢弹的研制贡献了全部心血乃至生命, 是我国核武器事业的先驱. 郭永怀先生热爱祖国、艰苦奋斗、谦虚质朴、无私奉献, 他学识渊博, 治学严谨, 是我国科技工作者的楷模.
郭永怀先生是《力学学报》第二任主编. 在他的主持下,《力学学报》从创刊初期就具有很高的学术起点和公正、严谨、求实的学术声誉. 这里我们向广大读者介绍郭先生的光辉一生, 并刊出他的学生们的一些论文, 以表达我们对这位主编的怀念和崇敬.      

我们的目标

钱学森先生是中国近代力学和航天事业的奠基人,也是《力学学报》的首任主编。 53年前,他在《力学学报》创刊号首篇《我们的目标》中倡导的:“我们希望力学学报的出版能更积极地推动我们的力学事业”, 已成为本刊成长和发展的指导思想。 在缅怀钱学森先生之际,我们将继续努力提高《力学学报》质量,促进力学工作队伍的成长和力学事业的发展,把本刊办成读者、作者和审者齐心协力、共同耕耘的园地。 为更深刻地领会钱学森先生思想, 本期重登了《我们的目标》, 以沉痛悼念《力学学报》首任主编钱学森先生。      

序

正2018年12月5日是《力学学报》第二任主编郭永怀先生牺牲50周年纪念日.郭永怀先生是国际著名的力学家和应用数学家、中国近代力学事业的奠基人之一、"两弹一星"元勋、中国科学院院士.郭永怀先生在高速空气动力学方面取得享誉世界的学术成果,他发现了上临界马赫数,发展了奇异摄动理论中的变形坐标法,即国际上公认的PLK方法,为人类突破声障做出了重要的贡献.他倡导了中国的高超声速空气动力学、电磁流体力学     

坚守初心, 重温钱先生的办刊目标

2021年12月11日是钱学森先生诞辰110周年,力学学报编委会和编辑部共同主办《力学者说》第3期暨纪念力学学报首任主编钱学森先生诞辰110周年,让我们共同缅怀和追思钱先生的丰功伟绩,不断传承和弘扬钱先生的爱国精神和科学精神。1955年钱学森回到祖国,1956年1月创建了中国科学院力学研究所,1957年,钱学森先生亲自领导了《力学学报》的创刊,并任第一任主编。在创刊号首篇文章《我们的目标》中,钱先生明确指出了《力学学报》的办刊目标。今天在这个值得纪念的日子里,我们《力学学报》全体编委会成员再次重温钱先生为《力学学报》制定的《我们的目标》。      

郑哲敏先生逝世周年纪念专刊序

2022 年 8 月 25 日是我刊原主编郑哲敏先生逝世一周年. 郑哲敏先生 (图 1) 是我国著名力学家, 中国科学院院士、中国工程院院士、美国国家工程院外籍院士, 2012 年度国家最高科学技术奖获得者. 他创立了爆炸力学学科及相关的研究领域; 领导了材料力学、非线性力学、海洋工程力学等学科的研究; 倡导了计算力学、流固耦合、非常规能源、人工智能等领域的研究, 为我国现代力学的发展做出了重大贡献. 为继承和发扬郑哲敏先生的学术思想和科学精神, 缅怀其治学风范, 追忆其科学贡献, 《力学学报》组织纪念活动并策划出版《郑哲敏先生逝世周年纪念专刊》. 该特刊包括研究综述、研究论文和研究方法探讨等不同体裁, 涵盖了爆炸力学、非线性力学、材料力学性能、海洋工程力学、非常规能源、流固耦合及人工智能等不同领域, 共计 19 篇文章. 希望以此推动相关领域的学术交流和进步.      

《力学学报》的产出及学术影响力分析

在钱学森先生领导下,于1957年创刊的《力学学报》作为力学学科历史最悠久的综合性期刊,她见证了20世纪50年代以来中国力学学科的发展轨迹,也见证了中国几代力学人才的成长和发展.本文采用文献计量指标,对《力学学报》从创刊至2018年的产出及学科影响力情况进行分析,用数据说明她对推动我国力学学科的发展、学术成果交流所做出的贡献.本文首先梳理了《力学学报》历年载文量、发文机构、发文作者等情况;然后分析了该刊在力学类期刊中的排名位置;最后,对载文内容特点进行分析,包括主要学科分布及近年刊文的研究热点.      

Horace Lamb… and how he found his way back to Manchester

The paper examines aspects of the career of Professor Sir Horace Lamb, FRS, a highly regarded classical fluid mechanicist, who, over a period of some thirty-five years at Manchester, made notable contributions in research, in education and in wise administration at both national and university levels. The article reveals the unusual sequence of events that led to his removing from Adelaide, South Australia, where he had served for nine years as the Elder Professor of Mathematics, to Manchester where he frequently interacted (sometimes rather coolly) with Manchester's other outstanding fluid mechanicist of the period, Osborne Reynolds.     

Refractive index matching methods for liquid flow investigations

A difficulty common to most optical diagnostic techniques that are applied to fluid dynamics studies is the refraction of light passing through model and/or test section walls. The method of choice to eliminate refraction problems in liquid flows is to match refractive index. This paper presents techniques for refractive index matching including, (i) arrangement of test section and model, (ii) choice of solid and liquid materials, and (iii) methods for tuning the match. In addition, a new application of refractive index matching to liquid-liquid droplet studies is presented.The author would like to thank Rick James and Jon Martinez for their assistance in conducting the matching experiments and Professor Mickey Gunter for his comments on refractometry. We are grateful to the United States Department of Energy for financial support of the droplet work under Grant DE-FG07-86ER13572     

多人随机行走激励下人行桥振动分析

大跨人行桥具有轻质、轻柔、阻尼小及低频等特点,基频较小时对人行荷载激励较敏感,但目前对其在多人随机行走下的随机振动问题研究较少。本文基于标准步行荷载,使用人行桥多点加载模型,推导了多人随机行走下大跨人行桥振动响应时程的精细时域计算方法,并以此验证本文提出的计算人行桥随机振动的更简便的谱分析方法;通过构造桥上落足点的荷载时程,变换得到荷载时程功率谱,再利用荷载功率谱并借鉴林家浩教授提出的虚拟荷载法推导出反映行人舒适度的均方根加速度频域计算方法。     

Rayleigh stability of shear flow in relaxing media

The stability of steady-state flow is considered in a medium with a nonlocal coupling between pressure and density. The equations for perturbations in such a medium are derived in the linear approximation. The results of numerical integration are given for shear motion. The stability of parallel layered flow in an inviscid homogeneous fluid has been studied for a hundred years. The mathematics for investigating an inviscid instability has been developed, and it has been given a physical interpretation. The first important results in flow stability of an incompressible fluid were obtained in the papers of Helmholtz, Rayleigh, and Kelvin [1] in the last century. Heisenberg [2] worked on this problem in the 1920's, and a series of interesting papers by Tollmien [3] appeared subsequently. Apparently one of the first problems in the stability of a compressible fluid was solved by Landau [4]. The first investigations on the boundary-layer stability of an ideal gas were carried out by Lees and Lin [5], and Dunn and Lin [6]. Mention should be made of a series of papers which have appeared quite recently [7–9]. In all the papers mentioned flow stability is investigated in the framework of classical single-phase hydrodynamics. Meanwhile, in recent years, the processes by which perturbations propagate in media with relaxation have been intensively studied [10–12].Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i Tekhnicheskoi Fiziki, No. 3, pp. 87–93, May–June, 1976.     

Domain Decomposition Methods for Sensitivity Analysis of a Nonlinear Aeroelasticity Problem

Abstract

We consider the nonlinear aeroelasticity problem of the interaction between a viscous, incompressible fluid and Lin elastic solid undergoing large displacement. The non-linearities of the problem formulation include the solid and fluid governing equations. as well as thc dependence of the How geometry on the solid deformation. The resulting coupling is thus two-way. We develop domain-decomposition methods for solution and sensitivity analysis of the coupled problem. The domain decomposition is in the form of a block-Gauss-Seidel-like prcconditioncr that decomposes ihc coupled-domain problem into distinct nonovcrlapping fluid and solid subdotnain problems. The preconditioner thus enables exploitation or single-domain algorithms for solid and fluid mechanics discretization and solution. On the other hand, two-way fluid-solid coupling is retained within the residuals, which is essential for correct sensitivities. Sensitivities of field quantities can be found with little additional work beyond that required for solving the coupled fluid-solid system. The methodology developed here is illustrated by the solution of a problem of viscous incompressible flow about an infinite clastic cylinder. Sensitivities of the resulting velocity and displacement fields with respect to elastic modulus and fluid viscosity are computed.     

Dynamics of a small bubble in a compressible fluid

An efficient (simplified) method for solving problems of spherically symmetric dynamics of a small gas bubble in a compressible fluid is proposed. The method is based on the joint use of the full problem statement (the gas dynamics equations for the gas and the fluid) and its relevant simplifications. Some approximate statements are discussed. In the proposed method, the rarefaction and compression of the gas during the slow motion of the bubble surface is assumed to be uniform over the bubble volume. At the same time the fluid in the thin zone adjacent to the bubble is considered to be slightly compressible. Otherwise the gas dynamics equations are used for the gas and the fluid. The dynamics of the fluid in the thick external zone are described by the linear acoustics only. The proposed simplified method and two others used in literature are estimated by comparison of their numerical results with those obtained in full statement. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fast and Slow Dynamics of Malaria and the <Emphasis Type="Italic">S</Emphasis>-gene Frequency

A mathematical model incorporating both malaria epidemics and human population genetics of the sickle-cell gene is studied. Singular perturbation techniques are used to separate the dynamics of the model into two time-scales with a faster time-scale for the epidemics and a slower time-scale for the change in gene frequencies. A complete analysis of the dynamics on the slow manifold is conducted, which provides insights into how malaria epidemics may have an impact on the maintenance of the sickle-cell gene in a population where malaria is prevalent.Dedicated to Professor Shui-Nee Chow on the occasion of his 60th birthday.     

数值模拟方法在体液流动研究中的应用与展望

计算流体力学的数值模拟技术产生于20世纪60年代,现已成功地应用到众多科学研究与工程设计领域. 从20世纪80年代开始,虽已有不少研究工作开始利用CFD方法与计算机技术对人体的血流、气管中的气流、胆汁流等流动进行数值模拟与分析,但并没有与器官功能分析和病理分析及临床应用紧密联系. 近十几年来,这方面的工作已经取得了长足的进步和发展,模拟出了譬如脑血管、颈动脉、心血管等复杂血管流动,甚至整个肺泡的活动,得到了非常有病理意义和临床价值的图像.本文介绍和评述计算人体流体动力学的历史,发展和已经取得的成果.