A high-order accurate wavelet method for solving Schrdinger equations with general nonlinearity

A sampling approximation for a function defined on a bounded interval is proposed by combining the Coiflet-type wavelet expansion and the boundary extension technique. Based on such a wavelet approximation scheme, a Galerkin procedure is developed for the spatial discretization of the generalized nonlinear Schr¨odinger(NLS) equations, and a system of ordinary differential equations for the time dependent unknowns is obtained. Then, the classical fourth-order explicit Runge-Kutta method is used to solve this semi-discretization system. To justify the present method, several widely considered problems are solved as the test examples, and the results demonstrate that the proposed wavelet algorithm has much better accuracy and a faster convergence rate in space than many existing numerical methods.     

一种适用于强非线性结构力学问题数值求解的修正小波伽辽金方法

论文通过对有限区间上的任一连续函数在边界处采用基于泰勒展开的延拓处理,构造了一种与任意边界条件相协调的改进小波尺度基函数及在此基础上建立了小波逼近格式,由此可有效避免小波逼近在求解微分方程时在边界处的跳跃或抖动问题.在此基础上,结合论文后两位作者提出的广义小波高斯积分法,关于未知函数的任意非线性项的小波展开可以显式地用...     

Wavelet multiresolution interpolation Galerkin method for nonlinear boundary value problems with localized steep gradients

The wavelet multiresolution interpolation for continuous functions defined on a finite interval is developed in this study by using a simple alternative of transformation matrix. The wavelet multiresolution interpolation Galerkin method that applies this interpolation to represent the unknown function and nonlinear terms independently is proposed to solve the boundary value problems with the mixed Dirichlet-Robin boundary conditions and various nonlinearities, including transcendental ones, in which the discretization process is as simple as that in solving linear problems, and only common two-term connection coefficients are needed. All matrices are independent of unknown node values and lead to high efficiency in the calculation of the residual and Jacobian matrices needed in Newton’s method, which does not require numerical integration in the resulting nonlinear discrete system. The validity of the proposed method is examined through several nonlinear problems with interior or boundary layers. The results demonstrate that the proposed wavelet method shows excellent accuracy and stability against nonuniform grids, and high resolution of localized steep gradients can be achieved by using local refined multiresolution grids. In addition, Newton’s method converges rapidly in solving the nonlinear discrete system created by the proposed wavelet method, including the initial guess far from real solutions.

     

一个求解浅水波方程的时域分段展开算法

发展了一种时域分段展开自适应方法求解一维非线性浅水波方程。通过时域分段展开,将一个非线性的时空耦合初边值问题转化为一系列的线性空间边值问题,并采用有限元方法递推求解;通过展开阶数的递进,实现了分段时域的自适应计算,当不同步长时可保持稳定的计算精度。研究结果表明,当步长较大而Heun’s法、四阶Runge-Kutta法不能得到合理结果时,本文算法仍能保证足够的计算精度。     

Hermite梯度重构核近似配点法及其在功能梯度材料板的静力分析中的应用

由于直接配点法在求解边值问题时边界上的求解精度较低,本文提出了Hermite梯度重构核近似配点法（HGCM）来改进边界求解精度。重构核近似是无网格法中一种常用的近似函数,但是其在求解高阶导数时格式复杂且非常耗时。HGCM采用梯度重构核近似构建形函数的任意高阶导数,提高了计算效率;通过Hermite配点法构建离散方程,提高了边界求解精度。这种方法在求解对应变系数四阶偏微分方程的功能梯度材料板的静力问题时精度高,计算效率高,并可进一步推广应用于高阶偏微分方程描述的边值问题。     

Explicit solution to the exact Riemann problem and application in nonlinear shallow‐water equations

The Riemann solver is the fundamental building block in the Godunov‐type formulation of many nonlinear fluid‐flow problems involving discontinuities. While existing solvers are obtained either iteratively or through approximations of the Riemann problem, this paper reports an explicit analytical solution to the exact Riemann problem. The present approach uses the homotopy analysis method to solve the nonlinear algebraic equations resulting from the Riemann problem. A deformation equation defines a continuous variation from an initial approximation to the exact solution through an embedding parameter. A Taylor series expansion of the exact solution about the embedding parameter provides a series solution in recursive form with the initial approximation as the zeroth‐order term. For the nonlinear shallow‐water equations, a sensitivity analysis shows fast convergence of the series solution and the first three terms provide highly accurate results. The proposed Riemann solver is implemented in an existing finite‐volume model with a Godunov‐type scheme. The model correctly describes the formation of shocks and rarefaction fans for both one and two‐dimensional dam‐break problems, thereby verifying the proposed Riemann solver for general implementation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Legendre wavelet spectral collocation technique resolving anomalies associated with velocity in some boundary layer flows of Walter-B liquid

A Legendre wavelet spectral collocation method is proposed here to solve three boundary layer flow problems of Walter-B fluid namely the stagnation point flow, Blasius flow and Sakiadis flow. In the proposed method, we first transform the boundary value problems into initial value problems using shooting method. We then split the semi infinite domain into subintervals and the governing initial value problems are transformed to system of algebraic equations in each subinterval. The solutions of these algebraic equations yield an approximate solution of the differential equation in each subinterval. The overshoot in the velocity profile associated with the stagnation point and Blasius flows and undershoot in the Sakiadis flow is controlled. Physically realistic solutions are presented for both weakly and strongly viscoelastic parameters. The residual error validates the correctness, convergence and accuracy of the obtained solutions.     

A numerical method for KdV equation using collocation and radial basis functions

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the study of initial boundary value problems for Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equations. In this paper, we propose a numerical scheme to solve the third-order nonlinear KdV equation using collocation points and approximating the solution using multiquadric (MQ) radial basis function (RBF). The scheme works in a similar fashion as finite-difference methods. Numerical examples are given to confirm the good accuracy of the presented scheme.     

A study of boundary integral method for a type of nonlinear problem based on generalized quasilinearlization theory

非线性泊松问题在热传导和多孔催化粒子的扩散反应等问题中是非常常见的,为此,利用广 义拟线性化迭代理论,提出了一种非线性泊松问题的新的数值迭代方法. 该方法将非线性方 程转化成一序列线性方程的迭代,其优点是初始值的选取具有一定的理论基础,并且在一定 的初始值条件下,迭代结果将单调地收敛于非线性问题的解. 将此迭代方法与边界元和双互 易杂交边界点方法结合,并用于非线性泊松问题的求解,比较了两种方法的结果精度,收敛 速度及不同初始值下的稳定性. 结果显示,基于拟线性化的双互易杂交边界点法具有较高的 稳定性和计算效率,并且收敛速度为平方阶.     

Coiflet solution of strongly nonlinear p-Laplacian equations

A new boundary extension technique based on the Lagrange interpolating polynomial is proposed and used to solve the function approximation defined on an interval by a series of scaling Coiflet functions, where the coefficients are used as the single-point samplings. The obtained approximation formula can exactly represent any polynomials defined on the interval with the order up to one third of the length of the compact support of the adopted Coiflet function. Based on the Galerkin method, a Coiflet-based solution procedure is established for general two-dimensional p-Laplacian equations, following which the equations can be discretized into a concise matrix form.As examples of applications, the proposed modified wavelet Galerkin method is applied to three typical p-Laplacian equations with strong nonlinearity. The numerical results justify the efficiency and accuracy of the method.     

Strong-form framework for solving boundary value problems with geometric nonlinearity

In this paper, we present a strong-form framework for solving the boundary value problems with geometric nonlinearity, in which an incremental theory is developed for the problem based on the Newton-Raphson scheme. Conventionally, the finite element methods (FEMs) or weak-form based meshfree methods have often been adopted to solve geometric nonlinear problems. However, issues, such as the mesh dependency, the numerical integration, and the boundary imposition, make these approaches computationally inefficient. Recently, strong-form collocation methods have been called on to solve the boundary value problems. The feasibility of the collocation method with the nodal discretization such as the radial basis collocation method (RBCM) motivates the present study. Due to the limited application to the nonlinear analysis in a strong form, we formulate the equation of equilibrium, along with the boundary conditions, in an incremental-iterative sense using the RBCM. The efficacy of the proposed framework is numerically demonstrated with the solution of two benchmark problems involving the geometric nonlinearity. Compared with the conventional weak-form formulation, the proposed framework is advantageous as no quadrature rule is needed in constructing the governing equation, and no mesh limitation exists with the deformed geometry in the incremental-iterative process.     

弹性静力问题的无网格弱-强形式结合法

基于改进的移动最小二乘(MLS)二阶导数近似,建立了一种求解弹性静力问题的无网格弱-强形式结合法(MLS-MWS)。该方法采用节点离散求解域,通过MLS构造形函数,将求解域划分为边界域和内部域,并分别使用控制方程的局部弱形式和强形式来建立离散系统方程。对强形式中涉及的近似函数二阶导数计算,提出了一种将其转化为求两次一阶导数的方法,与传统方法相比,该方法计算简单、精度高。MLS-MWS法结合了弱、强形式无网格法的优点,Neumann边界条件容易满足,并且只需在边界区域进行积分。文中应用该方法分析了两个弹性力学平面问题,分析结果表明本文方法具有良好的精度和收敛性。     

Exponential dichotomies of nonlinear discrete systems and its application to numerical analysis and computation

In this pepar we consider the upwind difference scheme of a kind of boundary value problems for nonlinear, second order, ordinary differential equations. Singular perturbation method is applied to construct the asymptotic approximation of the solution to the upwind difference equation. Using the theory of exponential dichotomies we show that the solution of an order-reduced equation is a good approximation of the solution to the upwind difference equation except near boundaries. We construct correctors which yield asymptotic approximations by adding them to the solution of the order-reduced equation. Finally, some numerical examples are illustrated.     

A CLASS OF NONLINEAR NONLOCAL SINGULARLY PERTURBED PROBLEMS FOR REACTION DIFFUSION EQUATIONS WITH BOUNDARY PERTURBATION

A class of nonlinear nonlocal for singularly perturbed Robin initial boundary value problems for reaction diffusion equations with boundary perturbation is considered. Under suitable conditions, first, the outer solution of the original problem was obtained. Secondly, using the stretched variable, the composing expansion method and the expanding theory of power series the initial layer was constructed. Finally, using the theory of differential inequalities the asymptotic behavior of solution for the initial boundary value problems was studied, and educing some relational inequalities the existence and uniqueness of solution for the original problem and the uniformly valid asymptotic estimation were discussed.     

Singular perturbation for the weakly nonlinear reaction diffusion equation with boundary perturbation

In this paper, a class of nonlinear singularly perturbed initial boundary value problems for reaction diffusion equations with boundary perturbation are considered under suitable conditions. Firstly, by dint of the regular perturbation method, the outer solution of the original problem is obtained. Secondly, by using the stretched variable and the expansion theory of power series the initial layer of the solution is constructed. And then, by using the theory of differential inequalities, the asymptotic behavior of the solution for the initial boundary value problems is studied. Finally, using some relational inequalities the existence and uniqueness of solution for the original problem and the uniformly valid asymptotic estimation are discussed.     

基于小波阈值密度的自适应重要抽样方法

提出了一种基于小波阈值密度估计的结构可靠性分析高效自适应重要抽样方法.该方法利用非线性小波收缩方法对结构失效域样本进行密度估计,并以此作为重要抽样密度进行可靠性分析.与传统基于核密度估计的重要抽样方法比,由于非线性小波阈值密度估计具有较好局部适应性和最优收敛速度,且克服了核密度估计中计算精度严重依赖于参数选择的缺陷,因此以较少的预抽样样本就能获得与传统方法相当的精度,有效提高计算效率.数值算例表明所提方法对工程中常遇到的多设计点及噪音功能函数可靠性问题具有良好适应性.      

A WAVELET THRESHOLDING DENSITY-BASED ADAPTIVE IMPORTANCE SAMPING METHOD

提出了一种基于小波阈值密度估计的结构可靠性分析高效自适应重要抽样方法.该方法利用非线性小波收缩方法对结构失效域样本进行密度估计,并以此作为重要抽样密度进行可靠性分析.与传统基于核密度估计的重要抽样方法比,由于非线性小波阈值密度估计具有较好局部适应性和最优收敛速度,且克服了核密度估计中计算精度严重依赖于参数选择的缺陷,因此以较少的预抽样样本就能获得与传统方法相当的精度,有效提高计算效率.数值算例表明所提方法对工程中常遇到的多设计点及噪音功能函数可靠性问题具有良好适应性.     

A WAVELET METHOD FOR BENDING OF CIRCULAR PLATE WITH LARGE DEFLECTION

A wavelet method for solving strongly nonlinear boundary value problems is described, which has been demonstrated early to have a convergence rate of order 4, almost independent of the nonlinear intensity of the equations. By using such a method, we study the bending problem of a circular plate with arbitrary large deflection. As the deflection increases,the bending behavior usually exhibits a so-called plate-to-membrane transition. Capturing such a transition has ever frustrated researchers for decades. However, without introducing any additional treatment, we show in this study that the proposed wavelet solutions can naturally cover the plate-membrane transition region as the plate deflection increases. In addition, the high accuracy and efficiency of the wavelet method in solving strongly nonlinear problems is numerically confirmed, and applicable scopes for the linear, the membrane and the von Karman plate theories are identified with respect to the large deformation bending of circular plates.     

A PREDICT-CORRECT NUMERICAL INTEGRATION SCHEME FOR SOLVING NONLINEAR DYNAMIC EQUATIONS

A new numerical integration scheme incorporating a predict-correct algorithm forsolving the nonlinear dynamic systems was proposed in this paper. A nonlinear dynamic systemgoverned by the equation v=F(v,t) was transformed into the form as v=Hv f(v,t). Thenonlinear part f(v,t) was then expanded by Taylor series and only the first-order term retained inthe polynomial. Utilizing the theory of linear differential equation and the precise time-integrationmethod, an exact solution for linearizing equation was obtained. In order to find the solution of theoriginal system, a third-order interpolation polynomial of v was used and an equivalent nonlinearordinary differential equation was regenerated. With a predicted solution as an initial value andan iteration scheme, a corrected result was achieved. Since the error caused by linearization couldbe eliminated in the correction process, the accuracy of calculation was improved greatly. Threeengineering scenarios were used to assess the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method andthe results were satisfactory.     

A generalised finite difference scheme based on compact integrated radial basis function for flow in heterogeneous soils

In the present paper, we develop a generalised finite difference approach based on compact integrated radial basis function (CIRBF) stencils for solving highly nonlinear Richards equation governing fluid movement in heterogeneous soils. The proposed CIRBF scheme enjoys a high level of accuracy and a fast convergence rate with grid refinement owing to the combination of the integrated RBF approximation and compact approximation where the spatial derivatives are discretised in terms of the information of neighbouring nodes in a stencil. The CIRBF method is first verified through the solution of ordinary differential equations, 2–D Poisson equations and a Taylor‐Green vortex. Numerical comparisons show that the CIRBF method outperforms some other methods in the literature. The CIRBF method in conjunction with a rational function transformation method and an adaptive time‐stepping scheme is then applied to simulate 1–D and 2–D soil infiltrations effectively. The proposed solutions are more accurate and converge faster than those of the finite different method used with a second‐order central difference scheme. Additionally, the present scheme also takes less time to achieve target accuracy in comparison with the 1D‐IRBF and higher order compact schemes.