半无限长弹性杆与有限长弹性地基梁横向冲击的冲击力近似公式

本文对具有初速的半无限长弹性杆与初始静止的有限长弹性地基梁的横向冲击问题进行了研究，用伽辽金原理求出了冲击力的近似公式，并对结果进行了，得出有关结论。     

文克勒地基上弹性薄板受有限长弹性杆冲击的动力分析

对具有初速的有限长弹性杆与文克勒地基上弹性薄板的冲击问题进行了研究，用伽辽金原理求出了冲击力及薄板位移响应的近似公式，并对计算结果作了分析讨论     

水对弹性杆与水下壳体接触冲击力的影响

水对弹性杆与水下壳体接触冲击力的影响黄剑敏，任文敏（清华大学工程力学系，北京１０００８４）１引言弹性杆与水下壳体的接触冲击是一个具有重要工程背景的课题，本文研究弹性杆与潜浸在无限大水域中的壳体的外表面法线方向的接触冲击问题，分析了水对冲击力的影响，所...     

半无限长弹性直杆受轴向冲击载荷作用的分叉问题

受轴向冲击载荷作用的弹性杆的屈曲问题曾被许多作者从不同的角度研究过。本文以半无限长弹性直杆为研究对象,把这个问题作为由于轴向应力波的传播而导致的分叉问题,给出了它的正确提法,并通过实例作了具体的说明。     

线性衰减的冲击荷载作用下的压杆分析

关于承受冲击压力的压杆的研究,各方面已经做了不少的理论分析和试验.本文讨论的压杆不仅承受轴向的冲击压力,而且同时受到横向的冲击荷载作用,我们以研究这种压杆的承载能力为主要目的.为了了解它的动力性能,故从弹性振动开始讨论,同时对其弹塑性振动也作扼要的分析.本文中假设:1)压杆的冲击压力的作用时间是比较长,压力波的传播和反射过程不予考虑.2)压杆具有初始偏心,主要研究它的横向振动.承受冲击压力的直杆的纵向振动不在本文讨论范围之内.3)变形超过弹性极限后压杆近似地作为具有一个塑性铰的刚塑性体系来处理     

杆杆型冲击拉伸试验装置一维试验原理有效性的论证

本文对杆杆型冲击拉伸试验装置建立了简化的含有多个轴向和环向的物理和几何间断面的空间轴对称线弹性动力学系统模型，用二维有限差分法和自编的ＢＢＩＤ－Ⅱ程序进行数值分析，并提出双虚边界法来计算物理间断面上的位移。用多种方法，特别是通过将包含内部界面的非均质变截面二维轴对称圆杆的泊松比退化为零，然后求得其差分数值解，再将此差分数值解与一维等效简化变截面非均质圆杆的解比较的方法，对有限差分方法和有限差分程序ＢＢＩＤ－Ⅱ进行了较充分的考核。数值分析成功地模拟了弹性应力波作用下的冲击拉伸试验过程，在线弹性的框架内论证了杆杆型冲击拉伸试验装置的试验原理成立的基础和条件     

圆柱约束下细长压杆屈曲及后屈曲行为

研究了轴向力作用下受圆柱横向约束的弹性杆的屈曲和后屈曲行为。通过有限元模拟，分析了细长压杆发生正弦和螺旋屈曲的轴向临界力，提出了正弦和螺旋屈曲临界点判定方法，且与文献结果比较验证了分析的正确性。同时考察了长细比和边界条件等因素对临界力的影响。结果表明正弦屈曲临界力和螺旋屈曲临界力随杆的长细比减小而增大。杆在一定长度范围内，端部约束条件对临界屈曲载荷及模态的影响不可忽略；当杆的长度足够长时，可以忽略边界条件对临界载荷的影响。     

超细长弹性杆的分析力学问题

超细长弹性杆作为DNA等生物大分子链的力学模型，其平衡和稳定性问题已成为力学与分子生物学交叉的研究热点．虽然在Kirchhoff动力学比拟的基础上，用分析力学方法讨论弹性杆的文章已见诸文献，但尚未形成弹性杆分析力学的严格理论．本文研究了超细长弹性杆分析力学的若干基础性问题．对杆截面的自由度、虚位移、约束方程及约束力等基本概念给出严格的定义和表达式．建立弹性杆平衡的D’Alembert-Lagrange原理、Jourdain原理和Gauss原理；从D’Alembert-Lagrange原理导出Hamilton原理．从变分原理出发导出Lagrange方程、Nielsen方程、Appell方程和Hamilton正则方程；对于受约束的弹性杆，导出了带乘子的Lagrange方程．讨论了Lagrange方程的首次积分．对于杆中心线存在尖点的情形，导出了微段杆平衡的近似方程。     

超细长弹性杆动力学仿真的曲面处理算法

超细长弹性杆动力学研究在DNA的平衡、稳定性等问题的研究中有重要的应用。为了便于超细长弹性杆动力学研究中数值结果图形后处理以及研究表面接触等问题的需要,需要建立弹性杆的表面模型和相应算法。本文利用Kirchhoff弹性杆模型的动力学比拟技巧,建立了描述超细长弹性杆曲面的常微分/积分方程组,利用Adames方法和递推方法设计了方程的数值解法,并给出了超长弹性杆的数值仿真结果的图形处理的计算实例。     

楔形杆中弹塑性波的一种渐近展开式

据我们所知,楔形杆中弹塑性波尚未有很好的分析方法。对弹性波有文献[1,2]等,其中文献[1]研究了圆锥壳轴向撞击的波动问题,发现楔形杆是其很好的近似,故后者的研究对圆锥壳具有重要意义。文中采用拉氏变换方法求得两种特殊情况下(波阵面和冲击端附近,的渐近解,而一般情形下的解未能得到。也有人用WKB方法讨论了类似问题,但仅限于波长很短的情形,局限性很大。另外,文献[5]用正则摄动法研究了楔形杆的自振问题。 本文针对楔形杆(和圆锥壳)的特点建议了一种渐近展开式,并求解了弹性波和弹塑性波问题,并与其他一些方法及其结果进行了比较。     

Vibration analysis of a stepped laminated composite Timoshenko beam

The goal of this study is to investigate the vibration characteristics of a stepped laminated composite Timoshenko beam. Based on the first order shear deformation theory, flexural rigidity and transverse shearing rigidity of a laminated beam are determined. In order to account for the effect of shear deformation and rotary inertia of the stepped beam, Timoshenko beam theory is then used to deduce the frequency function. Graphs of the natural frequencies and mode shapes of a T300/970 laminated stepped beam are given, in order to illustrate the influence of step location parameter exerts on the dynamic behavior of the beam.     

Multiplicity results for a fourth-order boundary value problem

ＭＵＬＴＩＰＬＩＣＩＴＹＲＥＳＵＬＴＳＦＯＲＡＦＯＵＲＴＨ－ＯＲＤＥＲＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＹＶＡＬＵＥＰＲＯＢＬＥＭＭａＲｕｙｕｎ（马如云）ＭａＱｉｎｓｈｅｎｇ（马勤生）（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＯｃｔ．５．１９９４：ＣｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｅｄｂｙＬｉｎＺｏｎｇｃｈ...     

Flapwise bending vibration analysis of a rotating double-tapered Timoshenko beam

In this study, free vibration analysis of a rotating, double-tapered Timoshenko beam that undergoes flapwise bending vibration is performed. At the beginning of the study, the kinetic- and potential energy expressions of this beam model are derived using several explanatory tables and figures. In the following section, Hamilton’s principle is applied to the derived energy expressions to obtain the governing differential equations of motion and the boundary conditions. The parameters for the hub radius, rotational speed, shear deformation, slenderness ratio, and taper ratios are incorporated into the equations of motion. In the solution, an efficient mathematical technique, called the differential transform method (DTM), is used to solve the governing differential equations of motion. Using the computer package Mathematica the effects of the incorporated parameters on the natural frequencies are investigated and the results are tabulated in several tables and graphics.     

A microstructure-dependent Timoshenko beam model based on a modified couple stress theory

A microstructure-dependent Timoshenko beam model is developed using a variational formulation. It is based on a modified couple stress theory and Hamilton's principle. The new model contains a material length scale parameter and can capture the size effect, unlike the classical Timoshenko beam theory. Moreover, both bending and axial deformations are considered, and the Poisson effect is incorporated in the current model, which differ from existing Timoshenko beam models. The newly developed non-classical beam model recovers the classical Timoshenko beam model when the material length scale parameter and Poisson's ratio are both set to be zero. In addition, the current Timoshenko beam model reduces to a microstructure-dependent Bernoulli-Euler beam model when the normality assumption is reinstated, which also incorporates the Poisson effect and can be further reduced to the classical Bernoulli-Euler beam model. To illustrate the new Timoshenko beam model, the static bending and free vibration problems of a simply supported beam are solved by directly applying the formulas derived. The numerical results for the static bending problem reveal that both the deflection and rotation of the simply supported beam predicted by the new model are smaller than those predicted by the classical Timoshenko beam model. Also, the differences in both the deflection and rotation predicted by the two models are very large when the beam thickness is small, but they are diminishing with the increase of the beam thickness. Similar trends are observed for the free vibration problem, where it is shown that the natural frequency predicted by the new model is higher than that by the classical model, with the difference between them being significantly large only for very thin beams. These predicted trends of the size effect in beam bending at the micron scale agree with those observed experimentally. Finally, the Poisson effect on the beam deflection, rotation and natural frequency is found to be significant, which is especially true when the classical Timoshenko beam model is used. This indicates that the assumption of Poisson's effect being negligible, which is commonly used in existing beam theories, is inadequate and should be individually verified or simply abandoned in order to obtain more accurate and reliable results.     

经典理论与一阶理论之间简支梁特征值的解析关系

利用Euler-Bernoulli梁理论(EBT)和Timoshenko梁理论(一阶理论,TBT)之间,梁的特征值问题在数学上的相似性,研究了不同梁理论之间特征值的关系。将特征值问题的求解转化为一个代数方程的求解,并导出了不同梁理论之间梁的特征值之间的精确解析关系。因此,只要已知梁的经典结果(临界载荷和固有频率),便很容易从这些关系中获得一阶梁理论下的相应结果。这些解析结果清楚地显示了横向剪切变形对经典结果影响的本质特点。另外,从这些关系中获得的含有剪切变形影响的结果,可以用于检验一阶理论下梁特征值数值结果的有效性、收敛性以及精确性等问题。     

Nonlinear motion of a beam

The investigation reported herein analyzes the vibration of a uniform beam with hinged ends which are restrained. The beam is subjected to a linearly-varying distributed load which has a maximum intensity w ₀ at the center and is released from rest when the load is suddenly removed. The motion is found to be inherently nonlinear, even for small vibrations, and there is dynamic mode-coupling. The mode frequencies are functionally related to initial conditions, particularly the amplitudes of all modes.     

Application of a Dynamic Vibration Absorber to a Piecewise Linear Beam System

This paper deals with the application of a linear dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) to a piecewise linear beam system to suppress its first harmonic resonance. Both the undamped and the damped DVAs are considered. Results of experiments and simulations are presented and show good resemblance. It appears that the undamped DVA is able to suppress the harmonic resonance, while simultaneously many subharmonics appear. The damped DVA suppresses the first harmonic resonance as well as its super- and subharmonics.     

Recovery of Stresses in a Beam from those in a Cone

We consider a trapezoidal thin plate, as shown in Figure 1, which has one end loaded by a concentrated transverse unit force and the other clamped at zero displacement. The stress is determined according to a method proposed by Galerkin [1] which involves the superposition of two plane elastic stress distributions. To access the accuracy of the method, the oblique sides of the trapezium are allowed to become parallel so that, in the limit, the trapezium becomes a rectangle of the same area. The limiting values of the maximum stress components are exactly those obtained by the Saint-Venant method for a bar. However, over the clamped end, the displacement vanishes only at three arbitrarily selected points. A similar procedure is applied to the transversely loaded truncated cone, but now the limiting values of the stress do not entirely match those obtained by the Saint-Venant theory for a circular cylinder. We also briefly discuss, for completeness, the same bodies under axial loadings, and arrive at similar conclusions which therefore hold for general loads. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

In-plane bending of a beam resting on a rigid rough foundation

Summary The bending of a finite-length beam that lies on a rigid, rough, flat foundation and interacts with it in accordance to the dry friction law is considered. Loading by bending moments applied at the ends of the beam is studied in detail. The problem is found to be a self-similar one. For small moments, the central part of the beam remains undeflected, and the problem reduces to the solution of an infinite system of algebraic equations. Large moments deflect the entire length of the beam, and the problem partly loses its self-similarity. In this case, the problem reduces to the solution of a successively decreasing number of ordinary differential equations along with some algebraical equations. The solution for the latter case provides initial conditions for the former one. This permits to obtain a solution for any value of the moment. Received 5 November 1996; accepted for publication 27 January 1997     

Stresses and deflections in a pseudo-elastic beam under cyclic loads

We consider a cantilever beam loaded by a concentrated transverse force at its free end. We assume that plane cross-sections remain plane in the deformed state and that the material obeys a particular non-linear stress-strain law, proposed by Landau and extended by Falk and Müller, in order to describe the pseudo-elastic behaviour. We find the explicit solution of the problem, and examine the deflection of the axis of the beam under the action of a prescribed slowly varying cyclical load.Received: 10 August 2004, Accepted: 19 August 2004, Published online: 4 March 2005PACS: 62.20.Fe