传递矩阵—多项式法的改进及其应用

本文提出了一种计算转子－滑动轴承－挤压油膜阻尼器转子系统的阻尼有频率及稳定性的方法，即将传递矩阵－多项式法改进后，应用于这类具有分叉结点的系统，直接得到系统的特征多项式，然后用Ｂａｉｒｓｔｏｗ－Ｎｅｗｔｏｎ人僻因子法求了出全部特征根。本方法具有占内存少、计算速度快、数值稳定等特点，文中对一转子模型进行了计算，其结果与实测基本相符。     

转子支承系统频率方程伴随矩阵的平衡变换

传递矩阵－多项式方法在转子支承系统动力特性分析中得到了成功的应用，但对于超柔性超高速转子的数值计算困难依然存在。为获得转子支承系统的特征频率多项式，需引入比例换算、高次项缩减的计算技巧；求解频率方程时采用求特征多项式伴随矩阵全部特征值的方法。应用矩阵相似变换理论，对矩阵进行了一系列相似变换的平衡过程，大大减轻了伴随矩阵Ｅｕｃｌｉｄ范数大、各元素量级相差巨大的数值病态特征。一个典型的数值算例表明了平衡变换的重要性，最后给出了二个转子算例以验证算法及程序的正确性     

转子系统阻尼固有频率的传递矩阵—多项式计算法

本文提出了转子——支承系统阻尼固有频率的一种计算方法,即采用Riccati分块矩阵递推,直接得到系统的特征多项式L(S)=0,然后用Bairstow-Newton法迭代解出全部特征根。和传统的传递矩阵法比,该法计算速度快,占用内存少,避免了数值不稳定和丢根,且可依次求得系统的全部解。文中对一模型转子和国产20万千瓦汽轮机转子系统做了计算,计算结果与实测值较好地接近。这个方法将有助于诸如汽轮发电机组这样的高速大型旋转机械的合理设计和可靠运行。     

复杂非线性转子—轴承系统动力特性数值分析

研究非线性高维复杂转子－轴承系统的动力特性。针对系统的局部非线性特征,给出了一种降阶及配套动力积分方法。降阶系统仍保持局部非线性特征,非线性响应数值积分所需的迭代只需在局部非线性的维数上执行。对于油膜力无封闭解的实际轴承,采用变分不等方程有限元法求解Reynolds边值问题,使得油膜力及其Jacobian矩阵的计算变得非常简单明了且与具有协调一致的精度。应用上述方法计算分析了一双跨、椭圆轴承－转子系统的不平衡响应,数值结果展现了系统丰富复杂的非线性现象。     

齿轮－转子－滑动轴承系统时变非线性动力特性研究

本文应用求周期解的数值计算方法─—打靶法和判定周期解稳定性的Ｆｌｏｑｕｅｔ乘子研究了齿轮－转子－滑动轴承系统中齿轮啮合时变刚度，滑动轴承非线性特性对转子系统不平衡响应和失稳的影响，并比较了平衡位置失稳和不平衡响应周期解失稳，以及按双轴计算与单轴计算结果的差别，为工程设计理论计算提供基础。     

齿轮—转子—滑动轴承系统时变非线性动力特性研究

本文应用求周期解的数值计算方法－打靶法和判定周期解稳定性的Ｆｌｏｑｕｅｔ乘子研究了齿轮－转子－滑动轴承系统中齿轮啮合时变刚度，滑动轴承非线性特性对转子系统不平衡响应和失稳的影响，并比较了平衡位置失稳和不平均响应周期解失稳，以及按双轴计算与单轴计算结果的差别，为工程设计理论计算提供基础。     

转子系统振动特性分析的一种高精度有限元

导出了转子－支承系统的基本微分方程井运用Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ法对一种新的高精度转子单元进行了推导。采用该单元对几个算例进行了计算并与试验结果及其它文献的相应结果进行了比较。计算结果表明，该单元具有良好的精度。     

转子系统振动特性分析的一种高精度有限元

导出了转子－支承系统的基本微分方和平运用Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ法对一种新的高精度转子单元进行了推导。采用该单元对几个算例进行了计算并与试验结果及其它文献的相应结果进行了比较。计算结果表明，该单元具有良好的精度。     

推力轴承对轴承—转子系统的耦合作用研究

研究了推力轴承对轴承－转子系统的耦合作用，在传递矩阵法的基础上，提出一种研究考虑推力轴承的影响的轴承－转子系统的动力学的通用方法。     

具有封严蓖齿转子系统的动力稳定性分析

封严蓖齿的气弹力对转子系统的稳定性起重要作用，本文建立了具有封严蓖齿的转子系统动力稳定性的分析方法，该方法利用传递矩阵法建立系统的主导方程，将封严蓖齿的气弹力以等效刚度及等效阻尼系数的方式引入转子系统的主导方程，用数值积分法解主导方程，求得系统的动力特性，根据扰动解判断系统的稳定性。本文所建立的分析软件，也可计算转子系统的不平衡响应、临界转速、突加不平衡响应等。文中对一模型转子进行了算例分析。     

Chebyshev analysis of stress concentrations

A specialized method of Chebyshev polynomial curve fitting is developed for stress-concentration analysis. The method is shown to be both economical and highly accurate.     

近似平衡多项式加速度动力显式算法

利用已知初始时刻的信息，建立一种可以取到任意阶高精度的多项式加速度单步隐式算法。在该隐式方法中，待采解方程纽系数矩阵中质量阵的系数远远大于阻尼阵和剐度阵的系数，略去非对角阻尼阵和非对角刚度阵对方程组的影响，得到一种近似平衡多项式加速度动力显式计算方法。此方法的精度主要由加速度多项式插值的项数、步长、质量阵的每件数、质量刚度比（质量阵和刚度阵的范数之比）决定。在此基础上给出了这种算法的通式，进行了精度分析，结果表明：如果时间步长h足够短，n次加速度近似平衡动力显式算法的精度可以达到O（hn＋1）。算例采用5次加速度近似平衡显式算法，计算结果的精确性证明了本算法的可行性。     

参数多项式方法的扩展——参数分布形状特征式法

在深入分析参数多项式方法数学原理的基础上，提出了参数分布形状特征式法。根据流动问题的物理本质及大量试验数据，总结出参数分布的形状特征式，将其代入流动基本方程，就可以快速而准确地求解流场。它是参数多项式方法的一种扩展，具有重要的应用前景。     

Convex polynomial yield functions

It is shown that some of the recently proposed orthotropic yield functions obtained through the linear transformation method are homogeneous polynomials. This simple observation has the potential to simplify considerably their implementation into finite element codes. It also leads to a general method for designing convex polynomial yield functions with powerful modeling capabilities. Convex parameterizations are given for the fourth, sixth and eighth order plane stress orthotropic homogeneous polynomials. Illustrations are shown for the modeling of biaxial and directional yielding properties of steel and aluminum alloy sheets. The parametrization method can be easily extended to general, 3D stress states.     

Shear-difference method with chebysev polynomials

The Chebysev polynomial curve-fitting technique is applied to the shear-difference method. The new approach to stress separation in two-dimensional photoelasticity is shown to be highly accurate.     

基于PCE方法的翼型不确定性分析及稳健设计简

由于能够获得一个既经济又对参数变化不敏感的设计结果,稳健型设计在工程设计中备受关注. 不确定性分析是稳健型设计的关键. 因此研究了基于混沌多项式的不确定性分析方法,并将其与CFD 方法结合,对计算空气动力学设计中的不确定性影响进行了量化分析. 首先以RAE2822 翼型为算例,对其跨音速马赫数不确定影响进行了分析,研究了多项式阶次对计算的影响,分析了平均流场和方差. 接着结合超临界翼型的马赫数稳健型设计验证了混沌多项式方法在稳健型设计中的有效性. 优化结果表明,稳健型优化后的翼型阻力系数明显降低,同时对于马赫数的敏感性显著减小. 通过分析表明混沌多项式方法能够大幅提高稳健型优化设计效率,能很好地应用于气动稳定性设计.     

Efficient stochastic finite element methods for flow in heterogeneous porous media. Part 2: Random lognormal permeability

Efficient and robust iterative methods are developed for solving the linear systems of equations arising from stochastic finite element methods for single phase fluid flow in porous media. Permeability is assumed to vary randomly in space according to some given correlation function. In the companion paper, herein referred to as Part 1, permeability was approximated using a truncated Karhunen-Loève expansion (KLE). The stochastic variability of permeability is modeled using lognormal random fields and the truncated KLE is projected onto a polynomial chaos basis. This results in a stochastic nonlinear problem since the random fields are represented using polynomial chaos containing terms that are generally nonlinear in the random variables. Symmetric block Gauss-Seidel used as a preconditioner for CG is shown to be efficient and robust for stochastic finite element method.     

基于PCE方法的翼型不确定性分析及稳健设计

由于能够获得一个既经济又对参数变化不敏感的设计结果,稳健型设计在工程设计中备受关注. 不确定性分析是稳健型设计的关键. 因此研究了基于混沌多项式的不确定性分析方法,并将其与CFD 方法结合,对计算空气动力学设计中的不确定性影响进行了量化分析. 首先以RAE2822 翼型为算例,对其跨音速马赫数不确定影响进行了分析,研究了多项式阶次对计算的影响,分析了平均流场和方差. 接着结合超临界翼型的马赫数稳健型设计验证了混沌多项式方法在稳健型设计中的有效性. 优化结果表明,稳健型优化后的翼型阻力系数明显降低,同时对于马赫数的敏感性显著减小. 通过分析表明混沌多项式方法能够大幅提高稳健型优化设计效率,能很好地应用于气动稳定性设计.      

On the use of homogeneous polynomials to develop anisotropic yield functions with applications to sheet forming

This paper investigates the capabilities of several non-quadratic polynomial yield functions to model the plastic anisotropy of orthotropic sheet metal (plane stress). Fourth, sixth and eighth-order homogeneous polynomials are considered. For the computation of the coefficients of the fourth-order polynomial an improved set of analytic formulas is proposed. For sixth and eighth-order polynomials the identification uses optimization. Simple constraints on the optimization process are shown to lead to real-valued convex functions. A general method to extend the above plane stress criteria to full 3D stress states is also suggested. Besides their simplicity in formulation, it is found that polynomial yield functions are capable to model a wide range of anisotropic plastic properties (e.g., the Numisheet’93 mild steel, AA2008-T4, AA2090-T3). The yield functions have then been implemented into a commercial finite element code as constitutive subroutines. The deep drawing of square (Numisheet’93) and cylindrical (AA2090-T3) cups have been simulated. In both cases excellent agreement with experimental data is obtained. In particular, it is shown that non-quadratic polynomial yield functions can simulate cylindrical cups with six or eight ears. We close with a discussion on earing and further examples.     

Numerical study of radial basis function interpolation for data transfer across discontinuous mesh interfaces

Allowing discontinuous or non‐matching mesh spacing across zonal interfaces within a computational domain offers many advantages, particularly in terms of easing the mesh generation process, reduction of required mesh densities, and relative motion between mesh zones. This paper presents a numerical study of a universal method for interpolating solution data across such interfaces. The method utilises radial basis functions (RBFs) for n‐dimensional volume interpolation, and treats the available solution data points simply as arbitrary clouds of points, eliminating all connectivity requirements and making it applicable to a wide range of computational problems. Properties of the developed meshless interface interpolation are investigated using analytic functions, and three issues are considered: the achievable order of spatial accuracy of the RBF interpolation alone and comparison with a variable order polynomial; the effect of a combined RBF and polynomial interpolation; and the ability of the method to recover frequency content. RBF interpolation alone is shown to achieve fourth‐order to sixth‐order spatial accuracy in one and two dimensions, and in three dimensions, using a small number of data points, third‐order and above is achievable even for a 3 : 1 discontinuous cell spacing ratio, that is a 27 : 1 volume ratio, across the interface. Hence, it is inefficient to include polynomial terms, since improving on the RBF spatial accuracy results in a significant increase in the system size and deterioration in conditioning. It is also shown that only five points per wavelength are required to capture both frequency and amplitude content of periodic solutions to less than 0.01% error.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.