热毛细对流温度场全息干涉检测研究

本文采用Ｈｅｌｅ－Ｓｈａｗ盒体,在地面上模拟二维热毛细对流,应用全息干涉技术对热毛细对流温度场进行了测试研究,为了获得感兴趣的热毛细对流温度增量分布,文中提出了将背景温度分布条纹与热毛细对流温度增量分布条纹相分离的方法。     

载波条纹图的处理及应用

本文提出一种载波条纹的处理方法，将变形前、后的载波条纹图分别经过条纹细化、抽取中心、级数编码、全场拟合等处理，首先求出全场每个像素点上的条纹级数，然后再对应相减，以得到仅仅由于变形引起的干涉条纹的全场分布，文中应用该方法分析处理了差分干涉条纹图，测量了水平热管周围的温度场、温度梯度场及壁面换热系数。     

对流传热边界层温度分布的激光干涉测量

本文介绍利用双镜干涉仪测量对流传热边界层中二维温度分布的方法。当冷空气流经热板模型时,附面层内的干涉条纹发生弯曲。根据条纹弯曲偏移量,由折射率与温度的关系,画出空气温度的二维分布图。整个过程由光学方法及微计算机全盘处理,是一种无接触测量方法。     

光测条纹图处理中免除噪声的正则化条纹法

在光测条纹图自动处理研究领域内有许多不同种类的处理方法,免除噪声的正则化条纹法,或称纯条纹灰度法,是有效的方法之一。本文综述了作者提出的免除噪声正则化条纹法的原理和多种方法。然后对广义旋滤波进行了改进,用于消除 Ｅ Ｓ Ｐ Ｉ图的散斑噪声,并且不损害条纹信号分布。实验表明本方法具有良好的结果和前景。     

数字散斑条纹处理的频域法和空域法

通过对数字散斑干涉条纹散斑噪声分布规律的分析，本文提出一种用于ＤＳＰＩ条纹降噪声处理的空域滤波法－复合区域平均法。处理结果表明，该方法仅处理速度快而且其去噪声效果能与ＤＣＴ方法相媲美。     

斜拉桥塔锚固区光弹性应力分析与等倾线图像处理

本文采用光弹性冻结应力法，对独塔斜拉桥塔锚固区进行了应力分析，给出了有关截面的边界应力分布及主应力迹线，从而为优化工程设计提供了重要的参考依据。本文还提出了一种新的提取等倾线的方法──图像对数增强相减法，实现了等倾线与等差线条纹的分离，同时使条纹得到了细化，提高了处理等倾线的速度与准确度。编制了自动绘制主应力迹线的程序，利用它绘制了桥塔截面的次主应力迹线。     

二维相移逻辑云纹法—条纹图全自动处理的一种方法

本文报告的二维相移逻辑云纹法，可对二维全场条纹图，进行全自动处理。这种方法用了经典云纹的概念，运用了相移的思想，用计算机进行逻辑运算，从而获得了全场条纹图上任意点的信息，为后续的运算提供了方便。这种方法可用于若干种条纹图的处理。     

爆破等差与等和条纹图分析方法探讨

在一次加载同时得到爆破模型的动态等差线与等和线条纹的基础上，采用部分改变物光光程的方法求得等和条纹的级次，它对今后的爆破条纹判读具有重要意义；并以此为据证实了目前采用的爆破等差条纹判读方法的正确性；发现在两种条纹图上存在着特殊的条纹对应区域，它有益于更方便地进行几种条纹图的判读。     

干涉条纹图处理的等值线窗口滤波和摄像测量在国防试验的应用

对图像进行滤波或称平滑是干涉条纹图像处理中的一项重要工作。一幅未经处理的原始图像或多或少存在着不同程度的噪声干扰,特别是散斑和Insar干涉条纹图,信噪比很低,难以处理。本文针对光测力学中光学干涉方法得到的条纹图,提出了一种新的滤波方法条纹等值线窗口滤波,并对这种滤波方法进行了研究讨论,提出了几种确定等值线窗口的不同方法。这种滤波方法根据干涉条纹图不同断面上灰度分布的不同特点,选择沿条纹走向的条纹等值线窗口进行滤波,在最大消除条纹图噪声的同时,也能保证对条纹损伤最小。摄像测量技术正在迅速发展和得到广泛应用,在国防试验和航天飞行任务中发挥着不可替代的作用。本文也介绍了作者近年来在该领域所做的应用研究,包括在火箭、导弹发射试验,冲击、碰撞等过程中的动态目标运动测量;针对航天航空和力学工程领域的视频图像实时分析;飞行器三维运动测量;基于投影条纹的物体三维形貌精密测量方法研究;以及对接航天器位置和姿态的实时测量。在这些应用中都实现了高精度测量。     

电子散斑干涉法在平面小振幅振动测量中的应用

用电子散斑干涉方法进行振动测量，因实验过程和条纹处理简单，已有较多应用，但迄今尚无振动测量中所形成的散斑条纹的完整解释，容易混淆条纹中所蕴含的实际物理意义，本文详细讨论了散斑测振中各种相关条纹的形成，并给出了相应的实验验证。     

Experiment and modelling of birefringent flows using commercial CFD code

It is well-known that certain fluids are birefringent and when flows are viewed in polarised light interference fringes are observed. The fringes are caused by a phase shift in the light passing through the fluid and are proportional to the integral of the maximum shear strains in the fluid. In order to understand what is happening within the three dimensional flow and overcome the difficulties due to this integration, additional computational or experimental information is needed.

In this work, a commercially available computer code (Fluent) is used for the first time to model the flows. The flow data are then exported to a spreadsheet where the shear rates are integrated across the field and then banded for graphical output. The results from this are then compared to results generated from birefringent flow experiments and the agreement is found to be good since the modelled fringes show the same patterns as those in the experiment. This novel use of computational and experimental techniques together will allow quantitative analysis of three-dimensional flows in the future.

Currently, there are still a lot of empirical variables involved in fitting the computational fringes to the experiment, but the results of this preliminary study show that this is a promising approach to this type of problem.     

Effect of viscous dissipation on the mixed convection heat transfer from an exponentially stretching surface

The mixed convection flow and heat transfer from an exponentially stretching vertical surface in a quiescent fluid is analyzed using similarity solution technique. Wall temperature and stretching velocity are assumed to have specific exponential function forms. The influence of buoyancy along with viscous dissipation on the convective transport in the boundary layer region is analyzed in both aiding and opposing flow situations. The flow is governed by the mixed convection parameter Gr/Re². The velocity and temperature inside the boundary layer are observed to be influenced by the parameters like Prandtl number Pr, Gebhart number Gb. Significant changes are observed in non-dimensional skin friction and heat transfer coefficients due to viscous dissipation in the medium. The flow and temperature distributions inside the boundary layer are analyzed and the results for non-dimensional skin friction and heat transfer coefficients are discussed through computer generated plots.     

Heat extraction characteristics of a single U-tube downhole heat exchanger with square cross section

The heat extraction rate from a stratum using a single U-tube downhole heat exchanger with square cross section was studied numerically. First, the present computer simulation program was made, and the computed results were checked with the field experimental data conducted by other researchers. After inspecting the effectiveness of the present computer simulation program, a numerical simulation was performed for a working 50-m full-scale model of in U-tube depth with this program. The effects of the flow rate of the heat extraction medium (water) and that of the tube material on the heat extraction rate were investigated for the case of a single U-tube. The computed results showed that increasing the flow rate of the working fluid of the heat extraction medium increases the heat extraction rate, and also suggests that the use of resin, such as polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, for the tube is a possible alternative, even though a resin tube is inferior to a metal version with respect to heat transfer performance.     

Experimental on the liquid cooling system with thermoelectric for personal computer

In the present experimental investigation, the liquid cooling in the micro channel fin heat sink with and without thermoelectric for central processor unit (CPU) of personal computer. The micro channel heat sinks with two different channel height are fabricated from the aluminum with the length, the width and the base thickness of 28, 40, 2?mm respectively. The de-ionized water is used as coolant. Effects of channel height, coolant flow rate, and run condition of PC on the CPU temperature are considered. The liquid cooling in micro-rectangular fin heat sink with thermoelectric is compared with the other cooling techniques. The thermoelectric has a significant effect on the CPU cooling of PC. The experiments are performed at no load and full load conditions within 60?min after steady state, which the mass flow rate are 0.023, 0.017 and 0.01?kg/s. The results heat transfer rate increase with increasing coolant flow rate and higher channel. When comparing with the other cooling system, cooling system with thermoelectric gives the highest efficiency. However, thermoelectric has the high or low heat transfer rate from heat rejected and cooling capacity conditions.     

Optimal Method for Heat-Flow Registration

A new optical method for heat-flow registration is proposed. The sensor is a plane-parallel plate made of a transparent material. The form of the interference pattern resulting from superposition of waves reflected from the leading and trailing edges of the sensor varies in time depending on the distribution of heat flows. A relation for calculating heat flows by the shift of interference fringes is given. The measurements obtained by the optical method and by a certified thermocouple probe are compared. The results are in good agreement. The sensitivity and spatial resolution of the method are estimated.     

Influence of the position and number of decay heat exchangers on the thermal hydraulics of a slab test facility A comparison of analytical and experimental data

To assess the capability of passive decay heat removal systems of an advanced pool-type liquid-metal cooled reactor, natural circulation experiments have been performed to investigate the in-vessel cooling modes caused by the position and number of decay heat exchangers in operation. The rather simple slab test facility AQUARIUS is equipped with an electrically heated core and decay heat exchangers. Four different arrangements of heat exchangers are under consideration to study the temperature distribution and the flow behavior in the apparatus during both symmetrical and asymmetrical heat removal. The experiments have been carried out in water under laminar flow conditions.

Temperatures have been measured under quasi-steady-state conditions. The observed flow paths have been documented photographically. In case of asymmetrical heat removal, especially when a single heat exchanger is operated in one of both upper plena, the temperature distribution and the flow behavior are different from symmetrical cooling modes. A comparison of analytically predicted temperatures using the COMMIX-2(V) computer program with experimental data shows reasonably matches the findings. The results of the numerically determined velocity fields are in good agreement with the visual observations.     

从流场干涉图定量计算冲击波传播速度和压力

研究了含冲击波流场干涉图的图像处理方法。首先利用快速条纹细化算法细化干涉条纹,并利用条纹追踪算法提取冲击波波阵面,然后根据配准算法把序列冲击波波阵面配准在同一幅画面上。根据上述算法,在PC-VISION100图像处理机上开发了应用软件。实验结果表明,该方法不但可用于从流场干涉图中提取冲击波波阵面,更重要的是可用于从含冲击波流场干涉图中定量计算冲击波的传播速度和压力分布。     

Prandtl number effects on natural convection heat transfer in concentric and eccentric horizontal cylindrical annuli

The influence of various Prandtl numbers on the laminar convection flow between concentric and vertically eccentric cylinders is studied numerically. To overcome the difficulties associated with the complex physical domains a numerical transformation method is used to map this region on a rectangle. Although two independent computer programs which are based on different formulations of the governing equations were used, nearly identical results were obtained. Local heat transfer results are presented for a wide range of Rayleigh numbers for the first time. Local heat transfer rates are found to depend on the Prandtl number in addition to the Rayleigh number dependence.