数字图像处理技术用于等倾线条纹的处理

本文利用数字图像处理技术,对光弹性条纹进行处理,实现了等倾线与等差线的分离,提高了等倾线的测试精度。同时利用微机系统进行主应力迹线的绘制,提高了主应力迹线绘制的准确性.     

斜拉桥塔锚固区光弹性应力分析与等倾线图像处理

本文采用光弹性冻结应力法，对独塔斜拉桥塔锚固区进行了应力分析，给出了有关截面的边界应力分布及主应力迹线，从而为优化工程设计提供了重要的参考依据。本文还提出了一种新的提取等倾线的方法──图像对数增强相减法，实现了等倾线与等差线条纹的分离，同时使条纹得到了细化，提高了处理等倾线的速度与准确度。编制了自动绘制主应力迹线的程序，利用它绘制了桥塔截面的次主应力迹线。     

第三主应力的方向和第二主应力的方位角(或倾角)的推求

在岩体地质构造受力状态分析中,或者在岩石工程岩体受力状态分析中,常常有已知一个主应力的方向和第二主应力的倾角(或方位角)需要推求第三主应力的方向和第二主应力的方位角(或倾角)的问题.岩体内部赋有三维应力状态,由三个主应力及其方向或六个应力分量来描述.主应力方向用倾角α_i     

第三主应力的方向和第二主应力的方位角(或倾角)的推求

<正> 在岩体地质构造受力状态分析中,或者在岩石工程岩体受力状态分析中,常常有已知一个主应力的方向和第二主应力的倾角(或方位角)需要推求第三主应力的方向和第二主应力的方位角(或倾角)的问题.岩体内部赋有三维应力状态,由三个主应力及其方向或六个应力分量来描述.主应力方向用倾角α_i     

彩色光弹性干涉影像分析系统

自行开发的“彩色光弹性干涉影像分析系统”首先利用CCD成像和图像采集设备,将光弹图像以数字图像的形式存储到计算机,然后通过对存储的光弹图像进行处理,得到物体边界、等差线、等倾线等数据。最后根据这些数据,绘制出主应力迹线,并进行二维的和三维的应力分析。本文着重介绍了系统整体设计以及系统研制的难点问题(彩色光弹图像处理、主应力迹线的绘制等)。系统可以通过对彩色图像进行分解,应用目前已经比较成熟的灰度光弹图像处理技术,来完成彩色图像的处理;也可以直接应用彩色信息来确定条纹级数,进行相关处理。彩色图像能够比灰度图像提供更精确的图像信息,以满足高精度测量的要求。     

各向异性强化材料的滑移线场理论

1.前言滑移线场的理论和方法是求解塑性平面应变问题最有效的方法之一.一般定义最大剪应变速率方向的迹线为滑移线。经典的滑移线场理论所得到的沿α、β两族滑移线的应力方程为dp+2Kdθ=0(1—1)式中p为静水压力,K为剪切屈服应力,θ为x轴方向与主应力σ_1方向的夹角.速度方程为     

地铁车站地下拱型结构的光弹性应力分析

本文用三维光弹性法，对地铁车站地下拱型结构进行了实验应力分析并绘出主应力迹线。文中还提出对加压用乳胶气囊进行高温、高压预处理工艺，使乳胶气囊和模型曲面很好地吻合，从而提高了加载的准确度。     

战斗部破片对目标打击迹线的计算方法

提出了破片对目标打击迹线概念,通过建立预制或半预制破片战斗部对目标杀伤作用场参数的计 算模型,以及在空间坐标系下破片各威力特性参数的相互转换,得到了一种破片打击迹线的计算方法,并基于 VC和MATLAB联合编程实现了战斗部破片打击迹线作用场的分布计算。通过破片对目标打击迹线可定量 分析战斗部所有破片的整个空间分布,并直观描述每个破片的飞散方向、能量衰减及对目标打击能力变化情 况,从而可精确地评价破片对目标不同要害位置处的打击效果。该杀伤作用场参数计算模型和破片对目标打 击迹线计算方法可用于战斗部起爆姿态选择和对不同目标杀伤效果的威力评价,为战斗部方案设计和战斗 部终点毁伤效应分析计算提供了新的参考依据和技术途径。     

坐标变换法描述主应力空间中π平面上的应力偏量

主应力空间中 π 平面上应力偏量的描述是弹塑性力学课程的基本知识点,是学习屈服准则和塑性本构关系的理论基础.本文根据常用的坐标变换方法,建立了主应力空间中任意应力分量与 π 平面上应力偏量的对应关系,推导过程简洁且数学思路清晰,是对现有弹塑性力学教材中该知识点是一个有益的补充.     

三维应力时求主应力的图解法

本文从三向主应力出发,按任意斜截面的应力分量计算式及莫尔圆图解法,提出了"正规单元体"概念,并总结出用莫尔圆求解任意三维应力时的主应力的图解法。(一)坐标轴与主应力方向重合时任意斜截面上的应力分量计算式及其图解法根据点应力分析,取如图1所示的四面体,截面ABC上的应力为 ...     

Automated Stress Separation Along Stress Trajectories

A procedure for the separation of principal stresses in automated photoelasticity is presented. It is based on the integration of indefinite equations of equilibrium along stress trajectories, also known as Lamè–Maxwell equations. A new algorithm for precise and reliable stress trajectory calculation, which is an essential feature of the procedure, has also been developed. Automated stress separation is carried out along stress trajectories starting from free boundaries. Experimental tests were performed on a disc in diametral compression and on a ring with internally applied pressure. Full-field principal stress values were obtained and results were compared with those from the theory of elasticity and with those obtained from the classical shear difference method. It was shown that the proposed method is more accurate and less affected by the presence of residual stresses or experimental errors at the boundaries than the shear difference method. In addition, the method requires little human interaction and is therefore well-suited for automated photoelasticity.     

Prediction of the creep behaviour of polyethylene and molybdenum from stress relaxation experiments

In many applications it is useful to be able to convert observed creep data of a material to corresponding stress relaxation data or vice versa. If the material exhibits non-linear viscoelasticity such a conversion can be rather difficult. In this paper two semi-empirical flow equations, the power law and the exponential law, are used to convert stress relaxation data into corresponding creep behaviour data. These two flow equations are often used to describe non-linear viscoelastic behaviour. The procedure adopted here is based on the assumption that the creep data during the experiment decrease due to an increase in the internal stress level, thus decreasing the effective stress for flow. The conversion method is applied to high density polyethylene and polycrystalline molybdenum at room temperature. In general predictions using the power law are in better agreement with the experimental results than predictions using the exponential formula. The concepts of secondary and ceasing creep are discussed in terms of build-up of internal stress during the creep process.     

On the Principal Boundary Value Problem in the Two-Dimensional Anisotropic Theory of Elasticity

By definition, the principal problem of the two-dimensional theory of elasticity consists in solving the equation for the Airy’s stress function in a region with its first order derivatives assigned at a boundary. In this paper, an indirect formulation of this problem based on integral equations with weakly singular kernels is proposed. In a bounded region with a Lyapunov boundary it is reduced to the solution of weakly singular integral equations. Differential properties of its solution are investigated.     

Steady state thermal and mechanical stresses of a poro-piezo-FGM hollow sphere

In this study, an analytical method is developed to obtain mechanical and thermal stress and electrical potential functions, electrical and mechanical displacement in two dimensional steady (r,θ) stat a functionally graded piezo electric porous material hollow sphere (FGPPM). It is assumed that properties of poro, piezoelectric and FGM material is changed through thickness according to power law functions, Heat conduction equation is obtained for obtaining temperature distribution and Navier equations analytically using Legendre polynomials and Euler differential equations system for investigating displacements changes and stress and potential functions for different power indices law and is drawn on a graph. These results are confirmed with the obtained in formations in the paper.     

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN WEDGE-SHAPED GRANULAR HEAPS

The present work explains the statics of self-weight transmission restricted to a long prismatic heap inclined at an angle of repose and symmetrically formed on a rigid base. The closure of polarized principal axes with the mobilized state of stress along the slope surface is employed by imposing the orientation of principal stresses on the equilibrium equations. Comparisons were made with calculations based on the finite element method using an elastic model. Moreover, experiments on sand heaps deposited on a rectangular rigid base were conducted to validate the theoretical study. The measured pressure profile generally agreed well with theoretical results.     

General solution for large deflection problems of nonhomogeneous circular plates on elastic foundation

In this paper, a new method is presented based on [1]. It can be used to solve the arbitrary nonlinear system of differential equations with variable coefficients. By this method, the general solution for large deformation of nonhomogeneous circular plates resting on an elastic foundation is derived. The convergence of the solution is proved. Finally, it is only necessary to solve a set of nonlinear algebraic equations with three unknowns. The solution obtained by the present method has large convergence range and the computation is simpler and more rapid than other numerical methods.Numerical examples given at the end of this paper indicate that satisfactory results of stress resullants and displacements can be obtained by the present method. The correctness of the theory in this paper is, confirmed.     

High-dimensional time series prediction using kernel-based Koopman mode regression

This paper investigates the nonlinear dynamics of a doubly clamped piezoelectric nanobeam subjected to a combined AC and DC loadings in the presence of three-to-one internal resonance. Surface effects are taken into account in the governing equation of motion to incorporate the associated size effects at nanoscales. The reduced-order model equation (ROM) is obtained based on the Galerkin method. The multiple scales method is applied directly to the nonlinear equation of motion and associated boundary conditions to obtain the modulation equations. The equilibrium solutions of the modulation equations and the dynamic solutions of the ROM equation are investigated in the case of primary and principal parametric resonances of the first mode. Stability, bifurcations and frequency response curves of the nanobeam are investigated. Dynamic behaviors of the motion are shown in the form of time traces, phase portraits, Poincare sections and fast Fourier transforms. The results indicate rich dynamic behaviors such as Hopf bifurcations, periodic and quasiperiodic motions in both directly and indirectly excited modes illustrating the influence of modal interactions on the response.     

Basis free relations for the conjugate stresses of the strains based on the right stretch tensor

In this paper, general relations between two different stress tensors T^f and T^g, respectively conjugate to strain measure tensors f(U) and g(U) are found. The strain class f(U) is based on the right stretch tensor U which includes the Seth–Hill strain tensors. The method is based on the definition of energy conjugacy and Hill’s principal axis method. The relations are derived for the cases of distinct as well as coalescent principal stretches. As a special case, conjugate stresses of the Seth–Hill strain measures are then more investigated in their general form. The relations are first obtained in the principal axes of the tensor U. Then they are used to obtain basis free tensorial equations between different conjugate stresses. These basis free equations between two conjugate stresses are obtained through the comparison of the relations between their components in the principal axes, with a possible tensor expansion relation between the stresses with unknown coefficients, the unknown coefficients to be obtained. In this regard, some relations are also obtained for T⁽⁰⁾ which is the stress conjugate to the logarithmic strain tensor lnU.     

Plane mechanics and kinematics of compressible ideal granular materials

Summary In a previous paper (1) proposals were made for the equations which govern the mechanical behaviour in plane strain of an ideal incompressible granular material. In this paper tentative suggestions are made for the extension of this theory to compressible granular materials. The material is envisaged as a mixture of an ideal gas and solid particles. The state of an element of the mixture is determined by its overall density and the mass and volume concentrations of the constituents. It is proposed that the material satisfies a flow condition which relates the two principal invariants of the stress (in two dimensions) and the density. The condition for the stress equations to be hyperbolic is obtained, and for the hyperbolic case a natural interpretation is obtained for the angle of internal friction.For the kinematic behaviour it is proposed that the deformation consists of superposed shearing deformations on the stress characteristic surfaces, as described in (1), together with a superposed dilatation. The equations describing this behaviour are expressed in characteristic form. They reduce to the equations given in (1) when the density is constant.