共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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本文提出一种基于高速摄像和数字图像相关方法(DIC)的分离式Hopkinson压杆(SHPB)测量技术,从而实现试件应变和两端应力的同步测量。即在与试件接触的输入输出杆两端制作散斑,通过高速摄像获取SHPB实验过程中的散斑变形图像,由DIC测得各时刻试件的应变、输入输出杆端的应变(可直接换算为试件两端的应力)。由于试件和杆端的应变都是从同一张高速摄影的图像上分析得到的,因此它们是同步的。应用该方法对钢纤维混凝土试件的SHPB试验进行了测量,测量结果与传统应变片测量结果吻合,验证了该方法的可行性。该技术不仅实现了SHPB实验中试件应变和应力的同步测量,还将有助于直接检验各材料在SHPB实验中试件两端的力在实验过程中是否平衡。 相似文献
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利用传统分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB)实验技术来实现试件在较低应变率下的大变形时,需要使用超长的压杆系统,杆件的加工和实验空间限制了该技术的推广应用。鉴于此,提出一种直撞式霍普金森压杆二次加载实验技术,利用透射杆中的应力波在其末端的准刚性壁反射实现对试件的二次加载,并分析了准刚性质量块尺寸对二次加载的影响规律;采用二点波分离方法对叠加的应力波进行了有效分离和计算,在总长4 m的压杆系统中实现了1.2 ms的长历时加载,并可以准确获得试件的加载应变率曲线和应力应变关系。建立了直撞式霍普金森压杆二次加载有限元模型,数值仿真结果表明,该实验技术能有效地实现试件的二次加载,与超长SHPB系统获得的仿真结果相比较,两者的试件应力应变关系完全一致。利用该技术对1100铝合金材料进行动态压缩实验,实现了其在102 s?1量级应变率下的大变形动态力学性能测试。 相似文献
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SHPB实验中的端面凹陷修正 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了一种关于霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验中压杆端面凹陷的分析方法,并在此基础上提出了修
正该凹陷的数据处理技术。将该技术与其他数据处理技术相结合,可提高SHPB实验中应变的计算精度。
该技术使SHPB可以用于小应变范围测试,并使利用SHPB测得完整的、精度及可靠性可与准静态测试相当
的材料动态应力应变曲线成为可能。 相似文献
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聚合物材料SHPB实验关键问题 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)广泛用于测量聚合物材料在高应变率下的动态力学行为.但是由于聚合物材料本身的低强度、低刚度、低阻抗、低波速等特点,使得SHPB动态试验相比其他材料更加复杂.论文较为详细地综述了聚合物材料SHPB实验技术中的应力应变计算、脉冲整形技术、动态应力平衡、摩擦与惯性效应、试件与波导杆的选择、碰撞速度与应变率关系、最大常应变率的确定等关键问题及其进展.理解这些关键问题并且采用目前较好的方法,对于获得聚合物材料有效和准确的高应变率力学特性具有重要意义. 相似文献
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运用一维应力波理论,分析了弹性应力波在分离式Hopkinson压杆(SHPB)实验中的传播过程,推
导出试件和压杆中应力分布相关计算公式。探讨了有关因素对试件应力平衡时间的影响规律,发现试件应力
平衡时间受试件/压杆广义波阻抗比和入射加载升时的影响显著,而不受试件/压杆截面积比和入射加载应力
幅值的影响。结合岩石SHPB实验,计算分析了不同入射加载应力幅值在不同入射加载升时情况下,试件达
到应力平衡时的应变变化特征,并提出了降低试件在应力平衡时的应变控制方法,使试件在未达到断裂应变
之前达到应力平衡,以保证实验的有效性。得出的结论对岩石类脆性材料SHPB实验方案设计具有一定的
参考意义。 相似文献
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采用改进的SHPB方法对泡沫铝动态力学性能的研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
本文改进了传统的分离式霍布金森压杆(SHPB)技术,采用夹在透射杆中的PVDF压电计直接测量透射杆中的应力时程.同时,采用输入波形整形技术,通过调整加载波形,使试样加载过程中保证均匀变形及应力平衡.利用此改进了的SHPB技术对泡沫铝进行了高应变率下的动态压缩实验.实验结果表明:泡沫铝的动态应力应变曲线具有泡沫材料的应力应变曲线的“三阶段”特征(elastic region,collapse region and densification region),并且应变率对其力学性能影响明显. 相似文献
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在测试材料动态力学性能时,直接撞击式霍布金森压杆(direct impact Hopkinson pressure bar,DIHPB)实验系统相对于分离式霍布金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar,SHPB),往往能获得更高的应变率。本文中采用一种新型双剪切试样,在DIHPB系统下对603钢进行了动态剪切测试。获得了603钢在应变率1 500~33 000 s?1的剪应力-剪应变曲线,并与SHPB系统下的测试结果进行了对比。结果表明,由两种测试方法获得的流动应力具有较好的一致性,但曲线的上升沿存在明显区别。采用数值模拟对DIHPB方法的准确性进行了验证,并对该实验方法的适用条件进行了分析。采用DIHPB方法,可以观察到603钢的流动应力存在明显的应变率效应,但在较高的加载速度下材料的失效应力随着加载速度的增加而呈降低趋势。 相似文献
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提出了用于高强度材料的改进的SHPB实验方法添加垫块法,运用数值模拟方法,利用有限元程序LS-DYNA3D分析了添加垫块实验方法的合理性和可行性。根据一维应力波理论,给出了数据处理的修正方法。作为应用实例,采用改进的实验方法对高强度的Al2O3陶瓷材料的动态力学性能进行了研究,得到了比常规方法较高的应变率及应力应变范围的动态应力应变曲线,表明Al2O3陶瓷为应变率相关的非线性弹脆性材料。结果表明,添加垫块实验方法可有效地防止实验中压杆端面的变形,提高试件的应力应变及应变率水平。添加垫块实验方法为在SHPB装置上实现高强度材料的动态实验提供了一种方便实用的途径。 相似文献
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This paper examines a laser extensometer to calculate the strain in a sample during split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experiments. This method offers a non-contact, direct method for measuring sample strain which does not rely on one-dimensional wave propagation assumptions. First a single bar experiment is used to compare the extensometer’s accuracy and frequency response against a laser vibrometer and an accelerometer. The extensometer showed a close match with the vibrometer up to a bandwidth of 10 kHz. With the performance validated, the extensometer is applied to a SHPB experiment with silicone samples. For low strains, the extensometer shows a good match to the strain determined by strain gauges on the bars. At higher strains, the radial expansion of the sample can interfere with the measurement beam from the extensometer and produce inaccurate results. 相似文献
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本文中提出单轴双向加载分离式霍普金森压杆(bidirectional-load split Hopkinson compression bar,BSHCB),即在传统的分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar,SHPB)的基础上增加另一个对称的入射波,两边的入射波同时且对称地对试样进行动态加载。根据一维应力波传播理论,推导出单轴双向加载分离式霍普金森杆的数据处理公式。通过数值模拟分析发现,所推导的数据处理公式可以用于计算单轴双向加载实验中试样的工程应力、工程应变和工程应变率。此外,单轴双向对称加载不仅可缩短试样内部应力均匀化的过程,而且可以提高试样应变率。 相似文献
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A dynamic experimental technique that is three orders of magnitude as sensitive in stress measurement as a conventional split
Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) has been developed. Experimental results show that this new method is effective and reliable
for determining the dynamic compressive stress-strain responses of materials with low mechanical impedance and low compressive
strengths, such as elastomeric materials and foams at high strain rates. The technique is based on a conventional SHPB. Instead
of a surface strain gage mounted on the transmission bar, a piezoelectric force transducer was embedded in the middle of the
transmission bar of a high-strength aluminum alloy to directly measure the weakly transmitted force profile from a soft specimen.
In addition, a pulse-shape technique was used for increasing the rise time of the incident pulse to ensure stress equilibrium
and homogeneous deformation in the low-impedance and low-strength specimen. 相似文献
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An indirect tensile testing method is proposed to measure the full dynamic tensile stress-strain curve of low strength brittle solids. In this method, the flattened-Brazilian disc (FBD) sample is loaded by modified split Hopkinson pressure bars (SHPB) system. Low amplitude dynamic forces were measured with a pair of piezoelectric force transducers embedded in the incident bar and the transmitted bar. The evolution of tensile stress at the center of the disc sample was determined through finite element analyses using the measured stress in SHPB as inputs. In a traditional Brazilian test, a strain gauge is mounted at the center of the specimen to measure the tensile strain, which is difficult to apply for low strength brittle materials. Thus, two types of non-contact methods, the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique and the Laser Gap Gauge (LGG), were used to measure the strain. The DIC method was used to monitor the displacement and the strain map of the specimen during the test, from which the strain at the center of the specimen can be obtained. The accuracy of the DIC results was assessed, and the displacement and strain uncertainties of our system were 0.003 mm and 0.003, respectively. LGG was used to monitor the expansion of the disc perpendicular to the loading axis, from which the average tensile strain is deduced. The numerical simulation revealed that the tensile strain at the center of the specimen is proportional to the average tensile strain and that the ratio is not sensitive to the material elastic parameters. The strain measured through LGG was compared with that measured by the DIC method using photos captured with a synchronized high-speed camera. The result of the LGG method was 20 % smaller than that of the DIC process. However, the latter was limited by the number of frames of the high-speed camera. The feasibility of this methodology was demonstrated using a polymer-bonded explosive (PBX). 相似文献
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Amanda S. Lim Sergey L. Lopatnikov Norman J. Wagner John W. Gillespie Jr. 《Rheologica Acta》2010,49(8):879-890
The split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique is implemented to evaluate the transient response of a colloidal suspension
exhibiting shear thickening at strain rates and timescales never before explored in a laboratory instrument. These suspensions
are shown to exhibit a discontinuous transition from fluid-like (shear thinning) to solid-like (shear thickening) behavior
when evaluated using rotational rheometry. The effect of loading rate on this transition time is studied for a particle volume
fraction of 0.54 using the SHPB technique. It is shown that the time required for transition to occur decreases logarithmically
with loading rate. From these results, we conclude that transition is not triggered by a characteristic shear rate, but rather
a critical shear strain is required. Results from SHPB experiments performed up to Peclet numbers of order 107 are presented and discussed for 0.50, 0.52, and 0.54 particle volume fraction suspensions. 相似文献
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采用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)加载方法和高速摄影技术,对混合压制烧结法制备的铝颗粒增强聚四氟乙烯复合材料(polytetrafluoroethylene/Al,PTFE/Al)的冲击反应临界条件进行研究。实验中采用钢杆、铝杆和不同尺寸的试样,进行不同加载条件下的测试,实验结果表明:PTFE/Al复合材料的冲击反应过程主要可分为变形、碎裂、反应阶段,其冲击反应临界同时关联于应力和应变率。并基于实验获得了PTFE/Al复合材料的冲击反应临界渐进线应力和应变率,通过对实验数据的归纳和分析,初步提出实验条件下关联应力和应变率的PTFE/Al临界反应关系式,获得冲击反应阈值预测曲线。 相似文献