一种高温超导介质滤波器的研制

本文提出了采用单个屏蔽腔设计超导介质滤波器的方法,在腔内并列摆放多个圆柱形介质谐振器,在谐振器上下两个端面均采用一片超导薄膜作为短路面,滤波器结构紧凑,制备工艺简单.根据此方法设计并制作了一个两节超导介质滤波器,实测滤波器中心频率为18.13 GHz,带宽为70 MHz,带内插损小于0.4 dB.测试结果与设计指标相符合,更高节数的高温超导介质滤波器正在研制中.     

基于H型谐振器的Ku波段高温超导滤波器设计

高温超导滤波器已在移动通信、射电天文、雷达探测等多个领域获得了重要应用.当前高温超导滤波器的研究和应用主要集中于10GHz以下的频段,针对超高频段(>10GHz)高温超导滤波器的研究很少.本文设计优化了具有无载Q值高、耦合强、尺寸短等特点的H型阶跃阻抗谐振器,并讨论了超高频段滤波器端口激发源的电容效应对滤波器响应的影响,最后采用优化的H型谐振器,应用去嵌入(De-Embed)设计方法消除端口效应,设计了中心频率为16GHz,相对带宽12.5%的6节高温超导滤波器.研制的超导滤波器在未经调谐的情况下,测试结果与仿真结果符合得很好,插入损耗小于0.3dB,反射损耗优于-14dB,带外抑制达到了-70dB.     

小型化多层双模基片集成波导平衡带通滤波器

针对平衡滤波器小型化和高选择的应用需求,提出两种新型的多层双模基片集成波导平衡带通滤波器。首先详细分析了基于平衡端口馈电的双模基片集成波导谐振器的特性;然后根据谐振模式分布特性,设计了一种输入输出馈线同时在上层双模谐振器上的四阶平衡带通滤波器,下层双模谐振器通过十字交叉槽线结构与上层谐振器耦合,可以实现三个传输零点;又提出一种输入和输出馈线分别在上层和下层双模谐振器上的四阶平衡带通滤波器,上层和下层谐振器通过一个槽线进行耦合,可以实现两个对称的传输零点。基于提出的两种平衡滤波器结构,分别设计了一个中心频率为10 GHz的平衡带通滤波器,并进行加工和测试。测试和仿真结果一致性较好,表明了该结构可以实现小型化和高选择,并且具有很好的共模抑制特性。     

基于H型谐振器的L波段宽带高温超导滤波器设计

宽带的高节数高温超导滤波器一直是滤波器设计和制作的难点.主要原因是强耦合的设计要求使得谐振器间距过小,制作精度难以达到.本文使用H型强耦合谐振器设计和制作了中心频率1335 MHz、相对带宽28%的14节高陡峭度超导滤波器.H型谐振器具有耦合系数高和结构紧凑、对称的性质.高的耦合系数使得H型谐振器适合用于宽带滤波器的设计;紧凑、对称的结构使得高节数的高性能宽带滤波器的实现成为可能.高温超导滤波器在无调谐情况下测试结果为S21<0.33 dB,S11<-11.3 dB,带外抑制超过70dB,矩形系数达到1.3,测试结果与设计结果符合得很好.     

一种具有可重构带阻特性的超宽带超导滤波器

提出了一种具有可重构带阻特性的超宽带超导滤波器,可有效抑制通带内的干扰信号。该超宽带滤波器基本结构是由改进后的多模谐振器和平行耦合微带馈线构成。2-bit叉指电容(interdigital capacitor,IDC)阵列被加载在平行耦合馈线外端,实现阻带的"开/关"及阻带中心频率的控制。该滤波器是在尺寸为20.0mm×6.0mm的MgO介质基片上实现的。未经调谐的测试结果显示了优异特性,并且和仿真结果吻合得很好。超宽带通带内的阻带可自由"开/关",中心频率调节范围从7.15到7.49GHz。此外,阻带在所有"开"的状态下显示了高的选择性(10dB带宽小于3%)和高的抑制性(高于38dB)。     

小型化第三代移动通信系统用高温超导滤波子系统的研制

本文研究了双向螺旋型谐振器的耦合特性,并采用此谐振器设计、制作了适用于第三代移动通信系统的8节高温超导滤波器.该滤波器中心频率为1950 MHz,带宽为60 MHz.滤波器完成制备后,采用集成封装方式,将其与低温低噪声放大器封装在同一金属盒内,实现了滤波器系统的小型化.文章研究了集成封装方式的尺寸、结构对滤波器性能的影响.测试结果表明,采用集成封装方式的滤波器系统具有优良性能,与独立封装方式相比,器件的总尺寸减小了20%以上.     

基于新型四模谐振器的双通带带通滤波器设计

提出了一种新型的基于双枝节加载的T型四模谐振器,并且利用该谐振器设计了一款双模双通带带通滤波器。首先利用奇偶模分析法以及场分布分析法对四模谐振器的频率特性进行分析,谐振器的每一个谐振模式均可以被独立调节。然后对馈线枝节的参数进行了详细的分析,得到馈线对滤波器外部耦合系数的影响,以调整滤波器通带的带通宽度。接着分析滤波器传输零点产生的原因,得到零点变化的规律,从而调整零点位置,提高滤波器的选择性。缺陷地结构(DGS)被蚀刻在滤波器的金属层底面,以引入非谐振节点,提供源与负载的耦合,可以产生额外的传输零点,进一步提高滤波器的选择性,而且不会增大滤波器的体积。对该滤波器进行加工和测试,仿真结果与测试结果基本吻合。     

直线型端口类盒型拓扑结构微带滤波器设计

针对微波带通滤波器小型化、高性能的应用需求,研究了基于双模方形环谐振器的直线型端口的两阶带通滤波器响应特性,进一步提出使用单模谐振器和双模谐振器相结合设计直线型端口的高阶微带带通滤波器。提出的直线型端口双模方形环微带滤波器具有类盒型拓扑结构,能够实现灵活的频率响应特性,而且传输零点的位置可调,能够满足不同的应用需求。由于存在寄生的对角交叉耦合路径,提出的类盒型拓扑结构微带滤波器可以实现一个额外的传输零点。为了验证结构和设计方法的可行性,设计了两款中心频率为5.2 GHz的三阶和五阶带通滤波器,最后进行加工和测试。耦合矩阵响应、仿真和测试结果一致性较好,表明了该结构实现高性能滤波器的可行性。     

深空探测用X波段高带外抑制超导滤波器的研制

为满足深空探测系统的工程应用需求,开展了X波段高带外抑制超导滤波器的研制,采用了谐振器耦合技术设计了滤波器版图。设计指标要求在8 GHz-9 Ghz范围内实现插入损耗小于0.2 dB,带外频率为7.3 GHz处抑制不小于70 dB,通过理论计算和模拟仿真,制作的滤波器样品测试结果与仿真结果吻合,验证了设计方法的正确性。     

CDMA移动通信用高温超导滤波器的研制

本文提出了一种新型H型环带谐振器,具有结构紧凑,尺寸小,Q值高,非相邻耦合弱等优点.该谐振器在一侧设置了一个开口,改变开口位置,可以在较大范围内改变谐振器谐振频率,并且能够改变基频和二倍谐频之间的频率间隔.对于直连型馈线引入方式,H型环带谐振器容易实现外部Q值的匹配,同时对输入/输出端谐振器的谐振频率影响很小.本文还基于H型环带谐振器,采用2英寸双面YBCO高温超导薄膜设计并制作了用于CDMA移动通信系统的12节高温超导滤波器.该滤波器的中心频率为832MHz,相对带宽为1.6%.在70K温度下的测试结果显示滤波器的带内插入损耗低于0.28dB,反射损耗优于-15.5dB,带外抑制约为75dB,通带低频端带边陡峭度超过30dB/MHz,高频端带边陡峭度超过20dB/MHz.     

Synthesis of bandpass grid filter for linear polarized millimeter wave

A method based on equivalent circuit and transmission line model is proposed to design narrow bandpass grid filters in short millimeter wave. Several bandpass filters with 2, 3 or 4 element inductive wire grids in the 70GHz region have been designed with Butterworth or Chebyshev characteristic for linear polarized wave. The agreement between measurement and design theory is good and this proves the rationality and practicality of our design theory.     

格结构在晶体梳状滤波器设计中的应用

利用数字信号处理中的格滤波器理论,研究了晶体梳状滤波器的设计方法.当传输函数满足对称和功率互补时,分析指出滤波器的阶数是奇数,N阶滤波器只需要(N+1)/2个波片,且所用波片的厚度比为1∶2∶2…2或2∶2…2∶1；提出了对半带滤波器传输函数作谱分解得到光梳状滤波器传输函数的方法.在此基础上总结出根据应用要求设计晶体梳状滤波器传输函数和结构参量的方法,通过设计一个7阶滤波器,表明提出的方法设计过程简单,且设计结果符合梳状滤波特征.     

低射频窄通带高温超导滤波器设计

本文在双面YBCO高温超导薄膜上设计了12节低射频窄通带超导带通滤波器.中心频率385MHz,相对带宽1.3%,考虑到窄带滤波器对衬底介电常数的敏感性,采用MgO基片以避免基片孪晶造成的介电常数非均匀性带来的影响.为了能在不大于2英寸的基片上制备出如此低频的高性能超导滤波器,设计中选用了1/4波长的螺旋形谐振结构.设计结果的带边陡峭度达到了50dB/MHz,带内插损小于0.014dB,带外抑制达到100dB,二倍频处抑制度优于130dB.     

Polarization Independent Three-Element Solc-Type Birefringent Optical Fiber Loop Filters

Polarization-independent birefringent optical fiber loop filters with narrowband transmission characteristics are studied. Using Jones matrix analysis, a three-element fiber loop filter structure, performing as a Solc-type narrow band filter is designed and fabricated. By selecting proper splice angles between these three elements as well as their birefringence, a narrowband, polarization-independent periodic optical filter with 0.63-nm transmission bandwith and 2.71-nm transmission period is realized     

深空大视场弱小目标的实时检测方法

根据深空背景的特点,提出了采用最大中值滤波降噪,基于USAN原则,即吸收同值核区(Univalue Seg-ment Assimilating Nucleus)原则进行弱小目标检测的算法。其中分析了USAN滤波模板大小对检测性能的影响,探讨了灰度差门限的自适应选取方法,并根据目标和背景杂波在灰度分布上的差异,进一步剔除背景杂波的残留。结合候选目标的特征,采用基于逻辑的最近邻关联方法提取目标航迹。     

Sequential anisotropic Wiener filtering applied to 3D MRI data

We present three different sequential Wiener filters, namely, isotropic, orientation and anisotropic. The first one is similar to the classical Wiener filter in the sense that it uses an isotropic neighborhood to estimate its parameters. Here we present a sequential version of it. The orientation Wiener filter uses oriented neighborhoods to estimate the structure orientation present at each voxel, giving rise to a modified estimator of the parameters. Finally, the anisotropic Wiener filter combines both approaches adaptively so that the appropriate approach is locally selected. Several synthetic experiments are presented showing the performance of the filters with respect to their parameters. A mean square error analysis is performed using a publicly available magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain phantom and a comparison with other filtering approaches is carried out. In addition, results from filtering real MRI data are presented.     

Multilayer polymeric mode and polarization filters for integrated optics

We demonstrate theoretically as well as experimentally that a four-layer polymeric waveguide structure can be used to produce a mode and a polarization filter. Various optical properties such as refractive index, birefringence and propagation constant of polycarbonate, polystyrene and a commercially available photoresist (from Shipley) are presented. The thin film structures consisting of glass/polycarbonate/polystyrene/air are used for demonstrating polarization filter action and glass/photoresist/polystyrene/air structure for mode filter. Expressions for the electric field intensity spatial distribution for the structure are used to calculate the intensity profiles to support the observed behavior. The experimental values were in good agreement with the one obtained theoretically.     

利用低通滤波作预处理对旋滤波进行改进

旋滤波方法在条纹图的处理中得到了比较广泛地应用,为了使其在噪声比较强的时候也能获得好的效果,在其方法中加入了低通滤波,以此来改善方位图,从而改善旋滤波的滤波效果。并且利用零阶开环高斯滤波算法,对低通滤波图像的边缘进行了修正。实验结果表明,改进后的方法能得到更好的条纹方位图,从而提高旋滤波的处理精度。     

A phase-shifted linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating with tunable bandwidth

We demonstrate a new method to broaden and adjust the transmission bandwidth of a phase-shifted linearly chirped fiber Bragg grating (PS-LCFBG) after its fabrication. A movable thermal head is used to heat the PS-LCFBG at a small contact point. The original ultra-narrow transmission bandwidth of the PS-LCFBG can be broadened due to both the presence of the passband peak caused by the thermally-induced temporary phase shift and the passband caused by the thermally-induced local Bragg wavelength shift. The transmission bandwidth of the new passband peak can be adjusted by changing the position of the thermal head. The transmission bandwidth of the PS-LCFBG can be broadened from <10 pm to 0.16 nm, and can be tuned from 0.16 to 1.05 nm.     

Scaled unscented transform Gaussian sum filter: Theory and application

In this work we consider the state estimation problem in nonlinear/non-Gaussian systems. We introduce a framework, called the scaled unscented transform Gaussian sum filter (SUT-GSF), which combines two ideas: the scaled unscented Kalman filter (SUKF) based on the concept of scaled unscented transform (SUT) (Julier and Uhlmann (2004) [16]), and the Gaussian mixture model (GMM). The SUT is used to approximate the mean and covariance of a Gaussian random variable which is transformed by a nonlinear function, while the GMM is adopted to approximate the probability density function (pdf) of a random variable through a set of Gaussian distributions. With these two tools, a framework can be set up to assimilate nonlinear systems in a recursive way. Within this framework, one can treat a nonlinear stochastic system as a mixture model of a set of sub-systems, each of which takes the form of a nonlinear system driven by a known Gaussian random process. Then, for each sub-system, one applies the SUKF to estimate the mean and covariance of the underlying Gaussian random variable transformed by the nonlinear governing equations of the sub-system. Incorporating the estimations of the sub-systems into the GMM gives an explicit (approximate) form of the pdf, which can be regarded as a “complete” solution to the state estimation problem, as all of the statistical information of interest can be obtained from the explicit form of the pdf (Arulampalam et al. (2002) [7]).In applications, a potential problem of a Gaussian sum filter is that the number of Gaussian distributions may increase very rapidly. To this end, we also propose an auxiliary algorithm to conduct pdf re-approximation so that the number of Gaussian distributions can be reduced. With the auxiliary algorithm, in principle the SUT-GSF can achieve almost the same computational speed as the SUKF if the SUT-GSF is implemented in parallel.As an example, we will use the SUT-GSF to assimilate a 40-dimensional system due to Lorenz and Emanuel (1998) [27]. We will present the details of implementing the SUT-GSF and examine the effects of filter parameters on the performance of the SUT-GSF.