系统中基于快速扫描光学延迟线的色散补偿

分析了光学相干层析成像(Optical Coherence Temography,OCT)系统中色散失配对系统纵向分辨率的影响,详细阐述了快速扫描光学延迟线(Rapid Scanning Optical Delay Line,RSOD)的色散性质,提出并采用基于RSOD的色散补偿方法,实验验证了这种色散补偿方法能够实现OCT系统的纵向分辨率接近于理论值,并因此得到了高质量的OCT图像.     

双光栅快速扫描光学延迟线的色散补偿

光学相干层析成像(OCT)系统的纵向分辨力不仅与光源的带宽有关,而且与系统中两干涉臂间的色散匹配有关。如果色散没有得到精确匹配,将使光学相干层析成像系统的纵向分辨力达不到所预期的理论值。色散问题在超高分辨光学相干层析成像系统中尤为突出。提出了一种基于双光栅快速扫描光学延迟线(RSOD),用于光学相干层析成像系统的色散补偿。该方法中新增的光栅引入了光栅间距这一独立变量,其与常规单光栅快速扫描光学延迟线机构中的光栅离焦量一起,可使光学相干层析成像系统中的群速度色散(GVD)和三阶色散(TOD)同时得到补偿。分析了双光栅快速扫描光学延迟线的色散特性和色散调节原则,并提供了一个典型光学相干层析成像系统中的色散补偿实例。     

一种新型微机电系统扫描镜的谐振频率研究

在微光机电系统(MOEMS)技术的基础上,采用绝缘体上硅(SOI)的体硅加工工艺,设计并加工制作了一种新型的静电驱动的谐振式微机电系统(MEMS)扫描镜。介绍了其基本工作原理及结构设计特点;理论计算了圆形和方形两种结构的尺寸扫描镜的谐振频率,并利用ANSYS有限元软件进行仿真;设计并搭建了一个简单易操作的光学测试系统,对研制出的MEMS扫描镜(7.1mm×5.2mm)进行扫描角度测试。利用该器件参数激励的迟滞频率特性,对其谐振频率进行实际测量。同时,为验证其所测谐振频率的准确性,利用激光多普勒测振(LDV)系统对其进行测试。在工作电压10V,方形和圆形扫描镜的驱动频率分别为556Hz和596Hz时,机械扫描角度分别可达到约6°和5°,谐振频率分别约为300Hz和277Hz。并分析误差产生的原因及其结果。     

谐振式微光学陀螺偏置频率调制技术研究

谐振式微光学陀螺(RMOG)是一种基于光学Sagnac效应的新型角速度传感器.提出了基于模拟波形连续线性相位调制技术的偏置频率调制.与传统的双频率锯齿波调制以及数字调制方法相比,偏置频率调制消除了由于锯齿波回扫或数字波形中的台阶效应引入的脉冲噪声.从理论上推导了连续线性相位调制波形参数与陀螺的动态范围和灵敏度的关系,得...     

基于微扫描镜的激光投影

利用微机械加工技术制造出一种新型微扫描镜,结合半导体激光器,可用于投影显示.激光器发出的光束被两个分别沿着X轴、Y轴扭转的镜面相继反射,扫描出二维图形.实验测得扫描镜在15 V电压,频率为扫描镜谐振频率2倍的方波信号驱动下,镜子的光学扫描角度达±12°.由于每个镜子都沿各自轴以简谐规律扭转,扫描所得投影为李萨如图形.通过分析图形的形成原理并用Matlab仿真,选出了适用用于任意图案显示的扫描镜谐振频率组合(X轴2 400 Hz, Y轴2 425 Hz).该组合可以形成194×192个像素点,刷新频率为25 Hz.在此基础上提出了一种通过调制激光开关来进行投影显示的方法.     

基于FPGA的快速全场光学相干层析方法

针对全场光学相干层析术实用化时成像速度不高的问题,提出一种基于FPGA控制的相位调制快速全场光学相干层析系统成像方法.首先用FPGA搭建电路以产生频率可调的高准确度正弦信号与脉冲信号,然后利用所产生的信号作为调制频率,采用四步移相法获取光学断层图像.采用该方法对洋葱表皮细胞进行光学断层成像,并与传统相移法及采用单片机调制方式获取的图像进行对比,结果表明该方法不仅能提高成像质量,且对高分辨率光学断层图像的采集时间从目前的4s(0.25 Hz)减少到0.03~0.05s(20Hz~35Hz),提高了系统的成像速度.     

光学微扫描显微热成像扫描零点定标方法研究

为改善已研制光学微扫描显微热成像系统的空间分辩力,微扫描零点需要确定.基于几何原理,研究提出了一种利用数字图像处理技术进行零点定标的方法.给出了微扫描零点的定义、详细分析了零点定标原理及方法,完成了实际显微热成像系统的微扫描零点定标.针对红外热图像,模拟零点定标前后的实际系统,采用不同重构方法进行了仿真研究,给出了评价参数;利用零点定标后的光学微扫描显微热成像系统采集低分辨力显微热图像序列进行过采样重构研究,仿真和实验结果表明了该方法的有效性,从而得到了高分辨力光学微扫描显微热成像系统,可应用于需要显微热分析的场合.     

正弦相位调制的频域光学相干层析成像

提出一种基于正弦相位调制的频域光学相干层析成像,利用正弦相位调制干涉术探测复频域干涉条纹的实部和虚部,重建复频域干涉条纹。对该复频域干涉条纹作逆傅里叶变换后,消除了频域光学相干层析成像中存在的复共轭镜像以及直流背景和自相干噪声。对玻璃片样品进行了层析成像实验。实验结果表明,采用正弦相位调制的频域光学相干层析成像,将可利用的成像深度范围扩大到原来的2倍,实现了全深度探测的频域光学相干层析成像。     

剪切力模式近场扫描光学显微镜的恒幅反馈控制方法研究

剪切力模式近场扫描光学显微镜(Near-field Scanning Optical Microscopy,NSOM) 的音叉探针间距控制系统中,用相位反馈控制和检测剪切力,同时采用比例＋积分（PI）技术实现对音叉探针振幅的反馈控制,使探针振幅在扫描过程中保持为恒定值.用相位信号作为探针与样品间距控制信号,分别在无振幅反馈和有振幅反馈两种情况下,以不同速率扫描得到标准CD_RW光盘光栅的两组图像,并进行了比较分析.实验表明,恒振幅反馈电路的引入有助于提高探针系统的响应速度和灵敏度,改善所得图像的质量及分辨率.     

用于内窥光学相干层析成像的小型化预标定Lissajous扫描光纤探头

基于非对称光纤悬臂结构的Lissaj ous扫描光纤探头可实现低电压驱动下的大范围扫描成像.本文研究了全封装的小型化预标定Liss ajous扫描光纤探头.通过优化设计与数值仿真,选择了能实现高填充率Liss ajous扫描的正交谐振频率,确定了非对称光纤悬臂的结构参数.全封装探头在5 mm工作距离处的焦点直径为25 μm,视场大小达到1.5 mm × 1.5 mm,总刚性长度和外径分别为35 mm和3.5 mm.研究了全封装探头扫描轨迹的稳定性、可重复性与扫描成像的旋转稳定性.结合实验室搭建的50 kHz扫频光学相干层析(OCT)系统,对硬币和生物组织进行高质量成像,验证了用于内窥OCT成像的小型化预标定Liss ajous扫描光纤探头具有良好的成像性能.     

光学相干层析成像系统中双通快速扫描光学延迟线的数值分析

以matlab为工具,详尽分析双通快速扫描光学延迟线在最佳耦合条件下的光束传输与分布,为双通快速扫描光学延迟线的设计、元件选择和系统调整提供理论依据.得出离焦距离Δf=1μm和Δf=578 μm两个理论上的最佳耦合点.但就实际光路调试来看,离焦距离Δf=1 μm为此系统的最佳耦合点.     

Fourier domain optical coherence tomography using optical demultiplexers imaging at 60,000,000 lines/s

We describe high-speed Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) using optical demultiplexers (ODs) for spectral dispersion. The OD enables separation of a narrow spectral band of 14 GHz (0.11 nm) from a broadband incident light at 256 different frequencies in 25.0 GHz intervals centered at 192.2 THz (1559.8 nm). OCT imaging of 60,000,000 axial scans per second was achieved through parallel signal acquisition using 256 balanced photoreceivers to simultaneously detect all the output signals from the ODs in a Fourier domain OCT system. OCT imaging at a 16 kHz frame rate, 1100 A-lines per frame, 3 mm depth range, and 23 microm resolution was demonstrated using a resonant scanner for lateral scanning.     

Micromotor endoscope catheter for in vivo, ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography

A distally actuated, rotational-scanning micromotor endoscope catheter probe is demonstrated for ultrahigh-resolution in vivo endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. The probe permits focus adjustment for visualization of tissue morphology at varying depths with improved transverse resolution compared with standard OCT imaging probes. The distal actuation avoids nonuniform scanning motion artifacts that are present with other probe designs and can permit a wider range of imaging speeds. Ultrahigh-resolution endoscopic imaging is demonstrated in a rabbit with <4-microm axial resolution by use of a femtosecond Cr:forsterite laser light source. The micromotor endoscope catheter probe promises to improve OCT imaging performance in future endoscopic imaging applications.     

High-speed fiber based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography of in vivo human skin

A high-speed single-mode fiber-based polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS OCT) system was developed. With a polarization modulator, Stokes parameters of reflected flight for four input polarization states are measured as a function of depth. A phase modulator in the reference arm of a Michelson interferometer permits independent control of the axial scan rate and carrier frequency. In vivo PS OCT images of human skin are presented, showing subsurface structures that are not discernible in conventional OCT images. A phase retardation image in tissue is calculated based on the reflected Stokes parameters of the four input polarization states.     

Full range spectral domain optical coherence tomography using a fiber-optic probe as a self-phase shifter

We present a full range handheld probe type spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) method. Here, the sample arm is composed of a tilted fiber-optic cantilever scanner; thus, the phase shift concurrently occurs while sample scanning. With the phase shift, we could achieve a full range complex-conjugate-free OCT image with no additional phase shifters in the reference arm. To realize this technique, a magnetically actuated probe was adopted. Full range SD-OCT images of a pearl, human fingernail, and human tooth were subsequently obtained using this suggested probe. The scanning range and acquisition speed were 3?mm and 20 frames/s?, respectively.     

复谱频域OCT成像的研究

采用频域技术的OCT系统，深度扫描信息由背向散射光谱的傅立叶反变换获得，简化了轴向扫描过程，从而使快速OCT成像成为可能．为了实现复杂生物组织的OCT快速成像，消除谱频域OCT的“混叠”现象、重建样品的真实层析结构，本文引入了相移干涉技术，构建了一套满量程复谱频域OCT实验系统，并为系统设计了特殊的分束镜和移相器，为最终实现复杂生物组织的OCT快速成像提供了条件．     

Improved extended depth of focus full field spectral domain Optical Coherence Tomography

In Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), both high axial and lateral resolutions are desired. While axial (z-axis) resolution is achieved by a broadband source, lateral (x-y axes) resolution is achieved by high NA lenses. However, high NA objectives result in decreased depth of focus (DOF). The small DOF makes it difficult to obtain single shot imaging of biological samples having large lateral dimension. In this work we incorporate special interfering phase mask allowing to extend the DOF of an OCT system and to allow imaging of samples without axial scanning.     

Low-voltage polymer-based scanning cantilever for in vivo optical coherence tomography

Novel hand-held optical coherence tomography (OCT) probes with polymer cantilevers have been developed for clinical oral and skin imaging. An electroactive ionic polymer-metal composite cantilever was used to generate 3-mm transverse scanning movement of an optical fiber with applied 2-V linear alternating voltage at 1 Hz. Low driving voltage ensures safety. Two different optical designs achieve both forward and sidewise scanning and make it possible to image everywhere within the human oral cavity. In vivo OCT imaging of the human tongue is demonstrated.     

一种新型谐振式微机电系统扫描镜及其利萨如图形显示

研制了一种基于微光机电系统(MOEMS)技术的新型谐振式扫描镜,该扫描镜采用绝缘体上硅(SOI)加工工艺,静电梳齿驱动,利用工艺中残余应力的释放产生垂直梳齿偏差,作为启动电极。针对该器件的机电性能,设计并搭建了一套光学系统测试其性能。结果表明,该器件具有加工工艺简单、低成本、低电压和大的扫描角度等优点。此外,将所制造的两个扫描镜进行合理组合,搭建了利萨如图形的显示装置,显示图案与Matlab软件仿真结果基本一致。